RU2290982C1 - Filter-press - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical, mine and metallurgy, food and allied industries.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical engineering; particularly, to filters-presses for filtering suspensions, and it can be used for dehydration sediments of industrial and municipal sewage constructions. Proposed filter-press has front and rear posts interconnected by bridge. Filtering plates and pressure plate are suspended form bridge. Plate clamping mechanism is mounted in rear post. Posts are arranged on frame inside which two wings of pan are mounted having form of broken line or curvilinear profile in cross section. In process of separation of suspensions, wings, are closed, thus preventing getting of occasional leaks onto conveyor removing sediment. Separation process ended, hydraulic cylinders turn wings in open position. Clamping mechanism shifts pressure plate to side of rear post, and plate shifting mechanism opens plates. Filtered sediment separates by gravity from filtering partitions and drops through aperture formed by open wings onto conveyor removing the sediment.

EFFECT: prevention of contamination of site.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical engineering, in particular to filter presses for filtering suspensions, and can be used in chemical mining, metallurgical, food and related industries, as well as in the dewatering of sludge from industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plants.

Known filter chamber presses containing front and rear racks interconnected by longitudinal elements, as well as a pressure plate and a set of filter plates placed on said longitudinal elements. When filtering, the set of plates is compressed into a single package using a movable pressure plate, which is in contact with the clamping mechanism mounted in the rear rack. When the filtered sludge is unloaded, the pressure plate is pushed to the extreme idle position at the rear rack, and the filtered sludge is removed down onto the conveyor belt or into the hopper through the opening located under the filter press (see Catalog “Filters for liquids”, part II, book II , TSINTIHIMNEFTEMASH, M., 1991, p.22-28).

The disadvantage of this design is that leaks, which are unavoidable during the operation of filter presses, through the opening for unloading sludge fall on the conveyor belt and worsen the sanitary situation in the room under the filter press. In addition, when unloading sludge, there are cases when part of the loaded sludge falls outside the discharge space of the filter press and contaminates the production site.

Closest to the claimed (prototype) is a filter press with a tray covering the discharge space of the filter press and diverting leaks so that they do not fall on the sediment conveyor. The pallet is made in the form of two flat flaps rotating around horizontal axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter press. In the closed position, the flaps form a vault, through which leaks flow into the trays located at the outer edges of the flaps, and in the open position of the flaps do not prevent sediment from entering the discharge opening (see German application No. OS 3439290, MKI ⁴ V 01 D 25/32, publ. April 30, 1986).

This design completely eliminates leakage into the room under the filter press, but does not solve the issue of eliminating pollution of the production site by partially precipitating filtered sediment during unloading. It should be noted here that it is possible to eliminate this undesirable phenomenon by increasing the protrusion of the leaf edges, however, this is not acceptable due to an increase in the angle of rotation or the width of the leaf itself, since it will lead to an unreasonable increase in the size of the filter press in height, its mass and, consequently, cost .

The problem solved by the invention is to create a filter press design that eliminates contamination of the production site by eliminating the ingress of sludge outside the discharge space without increasing the angle of rotation of the panes and their width.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the filter press containing the front and rear racks connected to each other by means of longitudinal elements, a set of filter plates located on the indicated longitudinal elements and a pressure plate, a plate clamping mechanism in contact with the pressure plate mounted in the rear rack , a pan for closing the opening of the discharge of sediment during filtration, containing longitudinal flaps placed under the filter plates with the possibility of rotation around axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter the press, in this case, when the pallet is closed, the end sections of both flaps are closed to each other, and when the pallet is open, they go beyond the dimensions of the filter plate set, according to the invention, the flap flaps are curved in the direction of the flap opening with the formation of a cross-section of a broken line leaf or a curved profile.

In one of the recommended embodiments of the invention, each sash of the pallet contains two flat sections located relative to each other at an angle of 120-150 degrees.

The end sections of the valves predominantly form an angle of 30-90 degrees when closed, and when the pallet is open, they are at an angle of 15-20 degrees to the horizontal plane.

In another embodiment of the invention, each leaf of the pallet is made of two curved sections, while the radius of curvature of the end section of each leaf is less than the radius of curvature of its initial section.

The execution of the pallet in the form of valves having a cross-section in the form of a broken line or curved profile, creates optimal conditions for trapping and subsequent removal of the unloaded sediment. At the same time, the former dimensions of the filter press, its mass and cost are maintained.

The execution of the sash of the pallet in the form of two flat sections located to each other at an angle of 120-150 degrees, expands the technological capabilities of manufacturing the pallet. In this case, the sash can be made both from a solid sheet of metal by bending it, and from individual strips by welding them at the desired angle.

Closing the panes at an angle of 30-90 degrees makes it easy to divert leaks that occur during the operation of the filter press. The location of the flaps with the pallet open at an angle of 15-20 degrees to the horizontal plane provides not only effective protection against getting part of the unloading sediment outside the discharge zone of the filter press, but also eliminates the accumulation of sediment on the inner surfaces of the flaps during unloading.

The execution of the flaps from two sections of a curved profile, in which the radius of curvature of the end section of each leaf is less than the radius of curvature of its initial section, simplifies the task of maintaining the dimensions of the filter press with an open pan.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings:

figure 1 schematically shows a filter press in axonometric projection with a tear that allows you to show the location of the pan;

figure 2 shows a cross section of a filter press (without rear rack) with a closed pan, each leaf of which is made of two flat plates;

figure 3 shows the filter press shown in figure 2, with an open pan;

figure 4 shows a cross section of a filter press (without a rear rack) with a closed pan, the sash of which is made of two sections of a curved profile;

figure 5 shows the filter press shown in figure 4, with an open pan.

The inventive filter press (Fig. 1) contains a front 1 and a rear 2 racks connected by a bridge 3. At the bottom of the racks 1 and 2 are connected to each other by ties 4, 5. Filter plates 6 are suspended on the bridge 3, as well as a pressure plate plate 7. In the bridge itself there is a mechanism for moving plates (not shown in the drawings). A plate clamping mechanism is mounted in the rear rack 2 of the filter press 8. The racks 1 and 2 are placed on the frame 9, inside which two flaps of the pallet 10 and 11 are mounted with the hydraulic cylinders 12 and 13 that drive them. The flaps 10, 11 have a cross-sectional shape polyline containing two sections. Trays 14 and 15 are installed under the outer edges of the valves for collecting and draining leaks that may form during the operation of the filter press.

In the embodiment (figure 2, 3), each leaf 10, 11 consists of two flat plates 16 and 17, fastened together at an angle of 120-150 degrees.

In the embodiment (FIGS. 4, 5), the flaps 10, 11 are made of two curved sections, while the radius of curvature of the end section 18 (FIG. 5) of each leaf is less than the radius of curvature of its initial section.

In all the above options, with the pallet closed, the end sections of the flaps form an angle α = 30–90 degrees between themselves, and when the pallet is open, they are arranged to the horizontal plane at an angle β = 15–20 degrees.

The filter press operates as follows.

The initial suspension is fed into a packet of filter plates 6. The liquid phase passes through the filter baffles (not shown in the drawings) and pre-compressed by means of the clamping mechanism 8. It is discharged from the filter press, and the filter cake gradually fills the space inside the filter plates 6. During the entire cycle the separation of the suspension, the shutters 10 and 11 are in the folded position, forming a continuous screen, which prevents accidental leaks formed in the filtering process, to fall on the conveyor to remove unloaded sediment (not shown in the drawings). After the phase separation cycle of the initial suspension is completed, the hydraulic cylinders 12, 13 turn the flaps 10 and 11, respectively, into the open position until they stop in the ties 4, 5. Then, the clamping mechanism 8 moves the pressure plate 7 towards the rear pillar 2 of the filter press, and the plate moving mechanism ( not shown in the drawings) moves the plate 6 in turn towards the pressure plate 7, which is in the initial (inoperative) position. In this case, the filtered precipitate under its own weight is separated from the filtering partitions and falls through the opening formed by the open flaps 10, 11, on the sediment removal conveyor.

During unloading of sediment due to various circumstances, its individual particles may deviate from the vertical trajectory. However, due to the proposed design of the panes, providing a sufficient exit of their edges beyond the dimensions of the filter plates, these particles of the unloaded sludge cannot get to the production site near the filter press, which eliminates its pollution. At the same time, there is no need to increase the size of the filter press in height, as well as to increase the overall dimensions of the valves, which allows you to maintain the previous dimensions, metal consumption and cost of the filter press.

It should be emphasized that the described examples only illustrate the use of the invention and do not limit the possibility of using the latter in other embodiments. So, for example, the sash of the pallet can be made completely curved by correspondingly bending the whole metal strip. On the other hand, an embodiment of the shutters of two sections can be implemented, the initial of which has a straight profile (which is equivalent to an infinitely large radius of the curve), and the end profile (similar to that shown in Fig. 5, item 18) is a curved profile with a small radius. In each case, the shape of the leaf profile is determined by the available blanks, production equipment, as well as the implemented design solutions.

Claims (5)

1. A filter press comprising front and rear struts connected to each other by means of longitudinal elements, a set of filter plates located on said longitudinal elements and a pressure plate, a plate clamping mechanism in contact with the pressure plate mounted in the rear rack, a tray for closing the opening sludge discharge during filtration, containing longitudinal flaps placed under the filter plates with the possibility of rotation around axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter press, with the pan closed the end sections of the flaps are closed to each other, and when the pan is open, they go beyond the dimensions of the set of filter plates, characterized in that the flap of the pan is made curved in the direction of the opening of the latter with the formation in cross section of the flap of a broken line or curved profile. 2. The filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that each sash of the pan contains two flat sections located in relation to each other at an angle of 120-150 °. 3. The filter press according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the end sections of the flaps form an angle of 30-90 ° with each other when closed. 4. The filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that when the pan is open, the end sections of the flaps are located at an angle of 15-20 ° to the horizontal plane. 5. The filter press according to claim 1, characterized in that each sash of the pallet is made of two curved sections.

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