RU2290281C1 - Shears for shearing round cross-section billets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: billets production in machine engineering and metallurgical plants, namely shearing apparatuses.

SUBSTANCE: shears include two planar cutters mounted in guides secured to housing with possibility of simultaneous plane-parallel motion one towards other. Each cutter has drive member and protrusion arranged along its length at side of reciprocal cutter. Plane of each protrusion is inclined by angle opposite and equal to inclination angle of cutting edge of respective cutter relative to its supporting edge. Shears are provided with guide mounted in housing at front side of shears and two semi-frames. Guide is in the form of changeable sleeve whose axis coincides with that of rod. Housing is mounted in said semi-frames with possibility of reciprocation motion in plane normal to cutter motion direction and it is spring-loaded relative to lateral wall of one semi-frame.

EFFECT: improved condition for shears operation due to prevention of rod stability loss at embedding cutters into it.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the procurement of engineering and metallurgical enterprises, in particular to cutting devices.

A device for cutting round billets containing two flat knives installed in the guides with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, the cutting edge of each knife is inclined to its opposite supporting edge at an acute angle, while the cutting edges of both knives are inclined to one side [1] .

The disadvantage of this device is the unsatisfactory quality of the cut surface due to the open cutting scheme. Another significant drawback for this device is the offset along with the cut billet and the feed rod relative to the separation plane. As a result, a bar, the length of which can be several meters, rises above the roller table with each cut and loses its stability relative to its feed axis into the shear cut zone, which in the vast majority of cases impedes the cutting process and the need arises for additional, laborious manual orientation and retention bar from skew at the initial moment of introduction of knives into it.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the present invention is a device for cutting round billets, containing two flat knives installed in the guides with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, each of which is equipped with a drive and a protrusion located along its length from the side of the reciprocal knife while the plane of each protrusion is inclined at an angle equal to and opposite to the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife and relative to its supporting edge [2].

This device implements an incompletely closed cutting scheme with an active transverse clamp, which makes it possible to improve the quality of the cut surface of the cut workpieces and expand their length range. But when cutting a long bar (three or more meters), the presence of a hard clip in the device becomes insufficient to hold it along the feed axis into the cutting zone at the initial moment of introduction of knives into the bar. The loss of stability of the rod causes its arbitrary rotation relative to the feed axis, which, as in the previous device, complicates the conditions of its operation.

The task of the invention is to remedy this drawback, namely, improving the operating conditions of the scissors by preventing the loss of stability of the rod when introducing knives into it.

The problem is achieved in that in the well-known scissors for cutting round billets containing two flat knives mounted in rails mounted on a bed, with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, each of which is equipped with a drive and a protrusion located along its length from the reciprocal side knife, the plane of each protrusion is inclined at an angle equal to and opposite to the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife relative to its support the second edge, according to the invention, they are equipped with wiring mounted on a frame on the frame from the front of the scissors, and two half-frames, the wiring is made in the form of a replaceable sleeve, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rod, and the body is mounted in the said half-frames with the possibility of reciprocating movement in plane perpendicular to the movement of the knives, and spring-loaded relative to the side wall of one half-frame.

The fact that the scissors for cutting round billets are equipped with wiring mounted in the housing on the bed from the front of the scissors, and two half frames, and the wiring is made in the form of a replaceable sleeve, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rod, and the body is installed in the said half frames with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a plane perpendicular to the movement of the knives, and spring-loaded relative to the side wall of one half-frame, allows for additional self-aligning support for the cut pr the duck is directly in the vicinity of the cutting zone, which prevents the loss of stability and arbitrary rotation of the bar at the initial moment of introduction of knives into it and thus provides a simplification of the operating conditions of scissors, reducing labor intensity.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a front view of the working area of the scissors, equipped with wiring on the supply side of the bar for cutting at the initial position of the knives, Fig.2 is a side view of the scissors, Fig.3 is a view A in Fig .1, in Fig. 4 is a front view of the working area of the scissors equipped with wiring during cutting of blanks from the bar, in Fig. 5 is a view B in Fig. 4.

Scissors for cutting round billets contain a bed 1 (Figs. 1-5), guides 2 mounted on it (Figs. 3, 4), in which two flat knives 3 are installed with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, equipped with a drive 4 made in view of the hydraulic cylinder (figure 2). On the bed 1 from the front side of the scissors installed wiring made in the form of a removable sleeve 5 mounted in the housing 6, mounted with the ability to move in a horizontal plane in two half frames 7, rigidly mounted on the bed 1 (Fig.1, 4). From the end sides, the housing 6 is equipped with guide pins 8 and 9, movably mated with holes made in the side walls of the half frames 7. The studs 8 are spring loaded with elastic elements 10 relative to the side wall of the half frame 7 (Figs. 1, 4). In the sleeve 5 is a cut bar 11 (Fig.3, 5).

Scissors work as follows.

The bar 11 is fed into the gap between the knives 3 by the required value through the sleeve 5 mounted in the housing 6 of the wiring (figure 3). Then turn on the actuator 4 (Fig. 2), which tells the knives 3 to simultaneously counter plane-parallel travel along the guides 2, while the distance between the knives 3 begins to decrease, as a result of which the cutting process of the bar 11 is carried out (Fig. 5). When moving the knives 3 during the cutting process, the bar 11 moves by an amount l from the axis of its feed into the cutting zone, for example, to the left (see Fig. 4) together with the casing 6 and the sleeve 5 mounted in it, while the casing 6 compresses the elastic elements 10 mounted on the guide pins 8. At the end of the process, the segments of the knives 3 are moved to their original state, the bar 11 is released and the casing 6 with the sleeve 5 mounted in it together with the bar 11 as a result of unloading of the elastic elements 10 also returns to its original position (figure 1) - to the original feed axis Rutka in cutting zone. Next, the cycle repeats.

The proposed technical solution was implemented on a pilot design of scissors when cutting bars with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of up to five meters. The dimensions of the wiring case (120 × 100 mm) were taken from the calculation of the possibility of its use for cutting workpieces with a diameter of up to 40 mm. The diameter of the guide pins is 10 mm. Elastic elements - standard coil springs with a compression value of 10 mm. The proposed design of the scissors ensured the stability of the bar and the prevention of its distortions relative to the axis of supply to the cutting zone.

The proposed device is expediently used in forge procurement of machine-building and metallurgical enterprises to perform separation operations.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR №515598. A device for cutting round billets. B 23 D 15/02. Publ. BI No. 20, 05.30.76.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1355379. A device for cutting round billets. B 23 D 15/02. Publ. BI No. 44, 11.30.87.

Claims (1)

Scissors for cutting round billets containing two flat knives installed in rails mounted on the bed, with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, each of which is equipped with a drive and a protrusion located along its length from the side of the reciprocal knife, with the plane of each protrusion located inclined at an angle equal to and opposite to the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife relative to its supporting edge, characterized in that they are provided with wiring mounted in the housing on the bed from the front side of the scissors, and two half-frames, the wiring is made in the form of a replaceable sleeve, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the rod, and the body is installed in the said half-frames with the possibility of reciprocating movement in a plane perpendicular to the movement of the knives, and spring-loaded relative to the side wall of one half-frame.

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