RU2290263C1 - Pneumatic gravitation type sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pneumatic gravitation type cascade sorting systems, possibly used in building, mining, chemical, metallurgical and other branches of industry for separating different loose materials by fraction size.

SUBSTANCE: sorting apparatus includes mine. Inclined shelves are secured to lateral walls of mine. In lower part of mine there is branch pipe for supplying air to mine. In mean part of mine there is branch pipe for supplying initial material to mine. In lower part of mine there is branch pipe for discharging large fraction of sorted material. In upper part of mine there is branch pipe for discharging fine fraction of material together with flow of air. Shelves are inclined relative to place of their mounting by angle equal to angle of rest of sorted material and they are mounted with possibility of angular movements in vertical plane.

EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of sorting material, lowered energy consumption, lowered wear degree of inclined shelves.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pneumogravitational cascade classifiers and can find application in the construction, mining, chemical, metallurgical and other industries for separation by size of various bulk materials.

Known pneumogravitational classifier containing a hollow body, a battery of cascading classification shafts formed by vertical zigzag partitions, means for distributing the source material between the shafts, a pipe for supplying a source material, a pipe for supplying air, a pipe for outputting a large fraction and a pipe for outputting a fine fraction together with air flow located in the upper part of the classifier, while the means for distributing the source material is made in the form of an inclined p and the nozzles are located in the lower part of the body cavity, the pipe for supplying air is located in the lower part of the body, the pipe for supplying the source material is located on the side wall of the body above the means for distributing the source material, and the pipe for outputting a large fraction is located on the opposite side wall of the body above the means for the distribution of the source material (Ed. St. USSR No. 1599136, 07 B 4/08, publ. 10/15/1990).

However, the known classifier does not have a sufficiently high accuracy of separation of the source material, due to the fact that the angle of inclination of the descending shelves is set to be known to be larger than the angle of repose of the material, which leads to a high velocity in the cross section of the shaft of material coming off the shelves, and the removal of the fine fraction . In addition, descending shelves are subject to intense wear under the influence of material moving along them.

Also known is a pneumogravity classifier (cascade classifier) containing a classification shaft, inclined shelves located on the side walls of the shaft, nozzles for supplying air to the shaft located in the lower part of the shaft, a pipe for supplying raw material located in the middle of the shaft, a pipe for output coarse fraction, located in the lower part of the mine, and a pipe for outputting the fine fraction together with the gas stream, located in the upper part of the mine, while the shelves are tilted down relative to the places and fastenings (Aut. St. USSR No. 1731294, B 07 B 4/02, publ. 07.05.1992).

However, the known classifier has insufficient accuracy of separation of the classified material, due to the fact that the angle of inclination of the zigzag shelves is set to be known to be larger than the angle of repose of the material, which leads to a high speed of the material coming off the shelves in the cross section of the shaft, and the removal of the fine fraction with a large . Shelves undergo intensive wear under the influence of material moving along them. Gas turbulences arising in the underfloor space cause high aerodynamic drag of the classification shaft, which leads to increased energy consumption.

The objective of the invention is to improve the accuracy of separation of the material by installing shelves at an angle equal to the angle of repose of the classified material, reducing energy consumption by reducing the aerodynamic drag of the classifier by eliminating gas turbulences in the underfloor space, and also by reducing the wear of the shelves by achieving downward formation shelves from classified material.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that to solve the problem by achieving the specified technical result, a pneumogravitational classifier containing a classification shaft, inclined shelves located on the side walls of the shaft, nozzles for supplying air to the shaft located in the lower part of the shaft, a pipe for supplying source material located in the middle of the shaft, a nozzle for withdrawing a large fraction, located in the lower part of the shaft, and a nozzle for withdrawing a small fraction together with the air current located in the upper part of the shaft, characterized in that the shelves are tilted upward relative to the mounting location and installed with the possibility of angular movements in the vertical plane.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 is a General view of the classifier, figure 2 is a section of the classifier mine with downward shelves formed from classified material.

The pneumogravitational classifier contains a classification shaft 1, shelves 2 located on the side walls of the shaft 1 with an inclination upward relative to the attachment point and installed with the possibility of angular movements in the vertical plane, pipe 3 for supplying classified material located in the middle of the shaft 1, pipe 4 for output coarse fraction, located in the lower part of the shaft 1, and a pipe 5 for outputting the fine fraction together with the air flow, located in the upper part of the shaft 1. In addition, the classifier with holds the mechanism of angular movements of the shelves 2 (not shown in the drawings) to establish them at an angle equal to the angle of repose of this classified material.

The invention is used as follows.

At the outlet of the pipe 5, a vacuum is created, for example, by a fan (not shown in the drawings), which causes the movement of gas, for example, air flow in the classification mines 1 from the bottom up.

Then, through the pipe 3, the source material is fed into the classification shaft 1. Under the influence of gravitational force, the source material falls down. Thus in the mine 1 create the oncoming movement of the classified material and the gas stream. Due to the fact that the shelves 2 are inclined upward relative to the place of attachment to them during operation, descending shelves are formed from the classified material M and the shaft 1 becomes zigzag. This allows you to significantly reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the shaft 1, to reduce the wear of the shelves 2 and to increase the accuracy of the separation of classified material into small and large fractions. The fine fraction with the gas stream is carried up and removed from the classifier through the pipe 5, at the outlet of which there are devices for separating the fine fraction from the gas stream, for example cyclones (not shown in the drawings). A large fraction is removed from the classifier through pipe 4.

Claims (1)

Pneumogravitational classifier containing a classification shaft, inclined shelves located on the side walls of the shaft, nozzles for supplying air to the shaft located in the lower part of the shaft, a pipe for supplying raw material located in the middle of the shaft, a branch pipe for outputting a large fraction, located in the lower part of the shaft, and a nozzle for outputting the fine fraction together with the air flow located in the upper part of the shaft, characterized in that the shelves are tilted upward relative to the mounting point at an angle of bosom equal to the angle of repose of the classified material, and installed with the possibility of angular movements in the vertical plane.

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