RU2290058C2 - Method for detecting local human specific entropic flows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, psychology, pedagogy, information-measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: evaluations of entropic flows should be carried out according to the results of impacts upon a percipient with different endogenic (internal) and exogenic (internal) inductors. Physical fields of different origin, devices and other persons may cause external (exogenic) impacts. In the latter case it is necessary to fulfill the same measurements and calculations for the inductor as in case with a percipient. Internal (endogenic) impacts could be caused by physico-chemical preparations, physical, percipient's emotional and intellectual activity. Registrations should be conducted: at certain parts of patient's body, due to measuring the alterations of heat flow density in time (J/(sq. msec)=W/sq.m) and temperature T by Kelvin scale. They are useful to calculate the value of specific thermodynamic entropy [△S]=J/(sq. mK) at preset part of patient's body within time interval △r. It is important to detect the value of entropic exchange with environment △_eS. One should, also, calculate the level of chaos and order at applying normalization of registered processes of heat flows by maximum and minimum. Energy exchange finally should be evaluated by the following formulas:

where △_eS, △_eS_max, △_eS_min - the current maximal and minimal increase of specific thermodynamic entropic exchange with environment. The suggested method provides new opportunities for studying energy-exchange phenomena in nature.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of detection.

2 cl, 5 dwg, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for determining the energy-information flows of a person and allows to evaluate the degree of randomness and orderliness of the desired energy-information flows, which determine the state of consciousness of a patient before, during and after exogenous or endogenous exposure of an inductor to it. In the case when the inducer is a person, the same measurements and calculations are carried out with him as with the recipient. The invention can be used for medical purposes, in psychology, art, pedagogy and systems that increase the reliability of the operator.

The level of orderliness or randomness of a system is customary in physics to be estimated by the magnitude of entropy (Volkenstein M.V. Entropy and information. -M .: Nauka, 1986, 192 p.). Known natural-science approaches used in the registration of various states of energy-information processes of human consciousness.

Known electroencephalographic method, implemented in electroencephalograms (EEG). It allows the rhythms of the brain to fix various states of human consciousness in an active, awake state (beta rhythm), during relaxation, meditation, entering into a hypnotic trance (alpha rhythm), sleep state (theta rhythm) and unconscious state (delta -rhythm). Using EEG, it is also possible to register telepathic signal transmission from an inductor to a recipient (Khlunovsky N., Latyev S.A., Vasilyeva G.N. Research of information processes between subjects. Instrument making. / University news, topics. Issues of bioenergy information processes research. St. Petersburg : GITMO, t. 36, No. 6, 1993). However, this method does not allow an assessment of the degree of randomness and ordering of energy-information flows in the organisms of the inducer and the recipient. In addition, to implement the method, it is necessary to conduct research in compliance with the conditions of light and sound insulation and immobility of the inductor and the recipient.

A known method for predicting changes in the functional state of the human body (Kovalenko A.N., Nosyrev S.P., Grigoryev V.A., Goryachev Yu.P. A synergistic approach to the diagnosis of critical human conditions. Medicine of extreme conditions, 1999, No. 3, p. .72-74), based on changes in the integral indicators of the body activity of a recipient of an electric, thermal and mechanical nature (ECG, EEG, fast eye movements, etc.), converted into information entropy. This method is indirect, it uses integrated indicators of the body as a single system. The integrated approach gives generalized entropy estimates, but does not allow one to estimate the degree of randomness and ordering of the energy-informational flows of an organism according to parameters in local areas of the patient's body. Also, in this way, it is simultaneously impossible to register energy-informational interactions of a group of individuals.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed and selected as a prototype is a method (Dulnev G.N. et al. Registration of an unconventional method of transmitting information. Consciousness and physical reality, 2002, No. 6) of assessing the fact of transferring information from an inductor (person) to a recipient in an unconventional way by registering the density of the local heat flux and the temperature of the skin of the forehead of the inducer and the recipient, followed by their conversion into thermodynamic and informational entropy.

The measurements are carried out (Dulnev G.N., Ipatov A.P. Investigation of the phenomena of energy-informational exchange: experimental results. St. Petersburg: GITMO (TU), 1998, 70 pp.) Heat flux converters (Gerashchenko heat meters) with built-in copper-constantan thermocouples (Gerashchenko OA Fundamentals of Heat Metering, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1971, 191 p.) Using the Eniotron-2 laboratory measuring complex, which allows complex measurements of fields of various physical nature.

The values of the heat flux q (τ) from the area A of the temperature T for the time interval Δτ allow us to obtain in real time the current values of the specific thermodynamic entropy ΔS in the selected part of the body according to the well-known formula (G. Dulnev In Search of a New World. St. Petersburg: All, 2004, 286 p.):

where q (τ) is the heat flux density for the time interval Δτ,

T is the absolute temperature of the sensor,

A is the surface area from which the heat flux is measured.

For an open system, which is a person, total entropy consists of the production of entropy Δ _i S and the exchange of entropy with the environment Δ _e S (Dulnev G.N. Introduction to Synergetics. St. Petersburg: Prospect, 1998, 256 pp.)

The value of the production of specific entropy for a person (the average body surface area of which is about 2 m ² ) is well studied and amounts to Δ _i S = 0.16 J / (m ² · K) (Volkenshtein MV Entropy and information. M.: Science 1986, 192 c). Therefore, the magnitude of the exchange of specific entropy is found by the formula

The transition from the thermodynamic specific entropy Δ _e S J / (m ² · K) to the specific information entropy ΔI bit / m ^{2 is} carried out according to the Shannon formula (Volkenshtein M.V. Entropy and information. -M .: Nauka, 1986, 192 p. )

- постоянная Больцмана.Where

- Boltzmann constant.

Studies are usually carried out in three stages: the state of the patient and inducer before exposure (background), the period of exogenous exposure of the inducer (human) to the patient, the state of the patient and inducer after exposure (aftereffect).

A similar method for recording thermodynamic and informational entropy is limited to recording temperature, heat flux, and entropy in the forehead region of the inductor and the recipient. Other disadvantages of this method are as follows. It does not allow a qualitative assessment of the state of consciousness before, during and after exposure. Evaluation of energy-information exchange is carried out for heterogeneous objects in absolute rather than relative units of information entropy, which does not allow to compare heterogeneous and different-scale processes. Formula (4) obtained from the expression of thermodynamic entropy for informational entropy is not used, since 1 bit of information corresponds to 10 ^-23 J / K in thermodynamic units, i.e. a very small value (Popov V.P., Kraynyuchenko I.V. , evolution, information. Essentuki: ed. EIUBiP, 2001, 254 pp.). Information is taken from only one part of the body (forehead) selected for reasons of convenience, which does not allow us to evaluate other biologically active areas of the body of the recipient and inducer and compare the results with each other. Also in this method only the influence of exogenous (external) stimuli carried out by a human inducer is studied, other types of inducers are not considered, and endogenous (internal) effects are not considered at all. And finally, the method is limited to the study of processes for only two individuals - the inducer and the recipient.

The invention solves the problem of assessing the degree of randomness and ordering of entropic flows produced in relative units and carried out by registering flows from different areas of the body of the recipient (s) when exposed to its body by inducers of various physical nature (exogenous and endogenous), as well as estimates by indicators of the mutual influence of two or more persons on each other, the effect of such inducers on the person as mental and emotional effort, works of art, prayer, breathing exercises and a friend ie psycho system of EHF-therapy. The novelty of the method is the assessment of the effect of flows on the human mind in terms of chaos and order.

The specified problem is solved as follows. In the method for determining the local specific flux of human entropy, including measuring the heat flux density and the surface temperature of the studied area of the patient’s body before, during and after exposure to the inductor, the increment of the specific thermodynamic entropy is calculated, which calculates the increment of the exchange of the specific thermodynamic entropy of the patient with the environment. Heat flux density and temperature are measured in one or more biologically active zones of one or more recipients, the measurements are carried out with the exogenous or endogenous action of the inductor on the recipient (s), the current, minimum and maximum increments of the exchange value of the specific thermodynamic entropy of the recipient (s) s are selected environment, which calculate the degree of chaos K _x and the order of K _p and evaluate the investigated relative energy-information flow according to the formulas:

where Δ _e S, Δ _e S _max , Δ _e S _min is the current, maximum and minimum increment of the specific thermodynamic entropy of exchange with the environment.

In the case of the exogenous effect of the human inductor on the patient, the above measurements and calculations are also carried out for the inductor.

To determine the ordering of the state of the system, measures of order P and chaos X are used. According to L. Brillouin (L. Brillouin Scientific uncertainty and information. -M .: Foreign Literature, 1968), the degree of order in the system is equal to the difference between the maximum Δ _e S _max and the current Δ _e S values of entropy, and the degree of chaos - the difference between the current Δ _e S and the minimum Δ _e S _min values of entropy

By analogy with formula (6), we derive the expression for the chaos value X of the system:

Indeed, for the case Δ _e S = Δ _e S _{min the} degree of chaos is zero, for the case Δ _e S = Δ _e S _{min the} degree of order is zero, which is to be expected.

The degrees of order П and chaos X in the psychophysiological state of the inducer and the recipient, found by formulas (6) and (7), make it difficult to compare the heterogeneous and different-scale changes in the state of consciousness and their corresponding flows arising in different areas of the body of the inducer and the patient under endogenous and exogenous influences . This is because the absolute values of P and X are difficult to compare, since they can differ significantly for different recipients and inductors.

To eliminate this drawback, it is proposed to use relative normalized estimates of chaos K _x and order K _p for individual areas of the body of the inductor and the recipient. For this, the values of chaos X and order P are divided by a common denominator, which is the difference between the maximum Δ _e S _max and minimum Δ _e S _min values of the increment in the exchange of entropy with the external environment, and the coefficients K _x or K _p are taken to assess the state of consciousness

Estimates of chaos or order are proposed to be determined by the following formulas

where Δ _e S, Δ _e S _max , Δ _e S _min is the current, maximum and minimum increment of the specific thermodynamic entropy of exchange with the environment.

In the method according to which the heat flux and temperature are measured from several areas of the human body, it is proposed to select the areas of information retrieval according to the principles of Eastern schools (Gavaa Luvsan. Traditional and modern aspects of Eastern reflexology. -M .: Nauka, 1986, 575 pp.) and Western (W. B. Lucas. Regression Therapy. CA. Deep Forest Press, 1993, Volume 1, 606 p., Volume 2, 542 p.) medicine, that is, in biologically active points and zones.

Biologically active points (BAP) are dermal acupuncture points located in the subcutaneous tissue, in the region of which electrical resistance (electrical conductivity) and temperature differ from adjacent body parts. Biologically active zones are understood as Zakharyin-Gedda zones. In the area of these points and zones, enhanced oxygen absorption and increased metabolic processes are noted. They are also painful on palpation. Using EEG, it was shown that the increase and decrease in conductivity in BAP is closely related to the activity of the brain. Therefore, it was they who were chosen to assess the orderliness or randomness of the energy-information flows of human consciousness. Localization of BAT is carried out in accordance with acupuncture atlases (Gavaa Luvsan. Traditional and modern aspects of oriental reflexology. -M .: Nauka, 1986, 575 p.).

The exogenous (external) effect on the consciousness of the recipient (s) can be psychotherapy, treatment with alternative medicine methods, hypnosis, listening to lectures and lessons; the perception of a scientific text by ear, the solution of tasks to an oral score, causing an intellectual load; hearing perception of a literary text, prayers, the impact of dance and theatrical performances causing emotional stress. In this case, the inductor is another person. An exogenous effect is also listening to music or watching films, while music or films act as an inductor. Exogenous is the effect of instruments and fields of various nature (for example, EHF radiation, photostimulation), etc. In this case, devices and fields act as an inductor.

Endogenous (internal) impact on the consciousness of the recipient (s) can serve as an independent solution of problems, oral counting and study of educational material in the mind, causing an intellectual load; inner prayer, self-hypnosis, meditation, physical, including breathing exercises, positive and negative mental images and memories that cause emotional stress; as well as the ingestion of various chemicals and drugs by the patient.

Before exposure, during and after exposure, direct measurements of the heat flux density and temperature are made on local parts of the human body. Then, the obtained data are recalculated for the relative normalized values of chaos and order in accordance with formulas (1, 3, 5).

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings.

In the presented drawings, the current time and background intervals, effects and aftereffects are plotted along the abscissa axis, and the chaos coefficient K _x (a measure of randomness of consciousness) along the ordinate axis.

Figure 1 shows the assessment of the coefficient of chaos K _{x the} recipient with endogenous exposure. The inductor was emotional and physical stress during special breathing exercises.

Figure 2 shows the assessment of the coefficient of chaos K _{x the} recipient with endogenous exposure. The inductor was an emotional load in the form of reciting an internal prayer by heart.

Figure 3 shows the assessment of the coefficient of chaos K _{x the} patient under exogenous exposure to a human inductor. The impact consisted in the cycle of treatment by the psychotherapist I., the recipient P., according to the method of suggestive therapy (W. B. Lucas. Regression Therapy. CA. Deep Forest Press, 1993, Volume 1,606 p., Volume 2,554 p.).

Figure 4 shows the assessment of the coefficient of chaos K _{x the} recipient with exogenous exposure to a human inductor. The impact was in the treatment cycle of the post-traumatic syndrome in patient A. by the psychotherapist And according to the method of regression therapy (W. B. Lucas. Regression Therapy. CA. Deep Forest Press, 1993, Volume 1 606 p., Volume 2 542 p.).

Figure 5 shows an estimate of the chaos coefficient K _{x of the} recipient under exogenous exposure to the solar plexus using an EHF generator with a wavelength of 5.6 mm.

The inventive method can be implemented using a device including a heat flux converter, the outputs of which are connected to a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to a standard computer installation.

The heat flux converter contains a series-connected copper-constantan thermocouple and an additional copper-constantan thermocouple placed in an epoxy resin-coated casing (Gerashchenko O.A. Fundamentals of heat metering. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1971, 191 pp.). Serially connected thermocouples generate thermoEMF proportional to the heat flux passing through the heat flux converter, and an additional built-in thermocouple generates thermoEMF proportional to the temperature of the surface on which the converter is located. The sensitive side of the transducer is one in which the measured heat flux values are positive if the surface temperature is higher than the ambient temperature.

Analog electrical signals coming from series-connected thermocouples and an additional thermocouple to an ADC are converted to digital form and fed to a computer, where they are displayed in real time on a monitor screen and saved as a file of numerical data on a hard disk.

Calculations according to formulas (1, 3, 5) are carried out using special software written in one of the standard data processing packages, for example, “Matlab”, and are presented in the form of graphical dependences of the chaos coefficients K _x or of the order K _p on time, allowing saving in a separate file. Analyzing the data obtained, they conclude that the degree of randomness or ordering of the flows of the patient before, during and after exogenous or endogenous exposure to it changes.

The inventive method is implemented as follows.

Example 1. Carry out the assessment of changes in K _{x the} patient with endogenous emotional and physical stress. The heat flux and temperature transducer is placed in the middle of the forehead (in eastern terminology - on the tricot), turning it with its sensitive side to the surface of the body. Measure the heat flux and temperature at the selected point. Using the measured values of the heat flux and temperature using the formula (1), calculate the values of the total specific thermodynamic entropy of the recipient, and then using the formula (3) find its specific entropy of exchange with the environment. The current, maximum and minimum values of the increment in the exchange of specific thermodynamic entropy with the environment are selected and calculated by formula (5), the degree of chaos K _x and the order K _{p of the} relative energy-information flow.

Figure 1 shows the change in the degree of chaos in the relative flow of the recipient. The patient N. from 10 to 20 minutes conducts special breathing exercises, which leads to a decrease in the chaos coefficient K _x , that is, to streamline the internal state of the patient in the aftereffect from 20 to 25 minutes (Figure 1).

Thus, an assessment was made of the degree of randomness of the recipient’s consciousness flow during endogenous impact on the consciousness.

Example 2. Carry out an assessment of the changes in K _{x the} patient with endogenous emotional stress (prayer, test P.).

Heat flow and temperature converters are located on the biologically active zones "Ajna" (mental) and "Anahata" (emotional). Measurements and calculations are carried out analogously to example 1. Figure 2 shows that from 10 to 20 minutes during the prayer there is an oscillatory process, which leads to a drop in entropy in both the emotional and mental zones, and these processes are in antiphase. Between aftereffect emotional zone the fall and rise of chaos coefficient K _x, and mental - the rise and fall of K _x. It can be assumed that prayer soothes feelings and stimulates mental abilities.

Example 3. The exogenous effect of a human inducer on the patient is carried out (the inducer is a psychotherapist who carries out a treatment cycle using suggestive therapy of P.'s patient).

The heat flow and temperature converters of both participants are fixed on the biologically active zone of Ajna (mental). Measurements and calculations for the inductor and the recipient are carried out in the above manner. The measurement results are presented in figure 3. The synchronism of changes in the chaos coefficient K _x is noted. In this case, the readings of the inductor are ahead in time of the readings of the recipient (the inductor conducts a session); there is a decrease in the chaos coefficient K _x in the process of aftereffect, that is, during the recovery period. As a result of exposure, the flows of the recipient are ordered.

Example 4. The exogenous effect of the human inducer on the patient is carried out, which consists in the treatment cycle of the post-traumatic syndrome by psychotherapist I. in patient A. by the method of regression therapy (W. B. Lucas. Regression Therapy. CA. Deep Forest Press, 1993, Volume 1 606 p., Volume 2,542 p.).

The heat flow and temperature converters at the inductor and the recipient are located in the biologically active zone of Ajna. Measurements and calculations for the inductor and the recipient are carried out in the above manner. The measurement results are presented in figure 4, which shows a high synchronism and a decrease in the coefficient of chaos K _x at the end of treatment. In this case, changes in the chaos coefficient K _{x of the} recipient are outstripped in phase by the readings of the inductor (the therapist has a supportive effect with this method).

Example 5. Exogenous effect on the solar plexus of the recipient is carried out using an EHF generator with a wavelength of 5.6 mm. The inductor is an EHF generator.

One heat flow transducer is attached to the patient’s arm at the yin-si point of the heart meridian (between the tendons of the muscles of the ulnar flexor of the hand and the superficial flexor of the fingers of the right hand). The second heat flux and temperature transducer is attached at the yang-lao point of the small intestine meridian (the ulnar edge of the tendon of the muscles of the elbow extensor of the hand of the right hand). The localization of the yin-si and yang-lao points is carried out in accordance with acupuncture atlases (Gavaa Luvsan. Traditional and modern aspects of oriental reflexology. -M .: Nauka, 1986, 575 pp.). The measurement results are presented in Fig. 5, where the graph (1) shows the results of the change in the chaos coefficient K _x obtained at the yin-si point, and on the graph (2) - at the yang-lao point. The degree of randomness of the flows decreases as a result of exposure to the solar plexus of the EHF generator.

Thus, the conducted studies demonstrate the possibility of assessing the state of processes in the body, both with endogenous (internal) exposure and with exogenous (external) exposure. From the examples it can be seen that the processes can be compared with each other and assess the degree of order or chaos of consciousness from measurements at individual points on the human body; by the nature of the change in the chaos coefficient K _x for different types of exposure and at the same time for different recipients.

The proposed method allows to quantify the level of randomness or orderliness of human consciousness with an error of (5-7)%, which determines the reliability of the proposed estimates.

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Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the claimed method allows to determine the characteristics of the local flow of entropy by indicators of randomness or ordering, which makes it possible to judge the change in the state of consciousness of the recipient (s) and inductor (person) in the process of exogenous and endogenous influences of various nature.

Claims (3)

1. A method for determining the local flux of human entropy, including measuring the density of the heat flux and the surface temperature of the studied area of the patient’s body before, during and after exposure to the inductor, calculating the increment of the specific thermodynamic entropy, which calculates the increment of the exchange of specific thermodynamic entropy of the patient with environment, characterized in that the measurement of heat flux density and temperature is carried out in one or more biologically active zones one of one or more recipients, the measurements are carried out with the exogenous or endogenous information effect of the inductor on the recipient, the current, minimum and maximum increments of the exchange of the specific thermodynamic entropy of the patient with the environment are selected, according to which the degrees of chaos Kx and the order Kp are calculated, according to which the local flow under study is estimated entropy by formulas

where Δ _e S, Δ _e S _max , Δ _e S _min is the current, maximum and minimum increment of the thermodynamic entropy of exchange with the environment, the dependences of the degree of chaos Kx and order Kp are recorded over time, the state of the local flux of entropy is more chaotic for large values of Kx , and determine the state of the local flow of entropy more ordered for large values of Kn. 2. The method for determining the local flow of human entropy according to claim 1, characterized in that the person exerts an exogenous effect on the recipient. 3. The method for determining the local flux of human entropy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the said measurements and calculations are also carried out for the inductor.

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