RU2289784C2 - Contact blasting device for anti-shipping missiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: the contact blasting device for anti-shipping missiles has a system of contact pick-ups with shielded connecting wires, safety-actuating mechanism with an actuator, with blasting relays and with reservoir capacitors charged from the on-board power supply source, the circuit of each pick-up comprises a reservoir capacitor and two blasting relays connected to it. One contact of the pick-up is connected to the reservoir capacitor, the wire shield is connected to the first blasting relay, and the other contact of the pick-up is connected to the second blasting relay. The break contact of the first blasting relay and the make contact of the second blasting relay are series-connected on one side to the reservoir capacitor, and on the other side, to the actuator. The quantity of series-connected circuits equals the quantity of the pick-ups, the breaking time of the break contacts of the first blasting relay t₁ and the making time of the make contacts of the second blasting relay t₂ are connected by relation t₂=(1.1 ... 5.0)t_1.

EFFECT: enhanced resistance to the action of the enemy antimissile facilities.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, in particular to contact explosive devices of anti-ship missiles (RCC).

For such explosive devices, in addition to the requirements to ensure the optimum response time of the executive (explosive) device, at which the most effective destruction of various targets is achieved, one of the main criteria is the requirement of reliable action in the conditions of enemy countermeasures using small-caliber anti-aircraft artillery systems (MZAK), including the type of "volcano-balance".

The main feature of the RCC application is a wide variety of sea and coastal targets, which include aircraft carriers, frigates, ekranoplanes, hovercraft, boats and various coastal fortifications. At the same time, all modern targets can be equipped with highly effective MZAK caliber from 20 to 40 mm.

The likelihood of MZAK shells getting into the RCC at the final section of the trajectory, including the “volcano-balance” shells, at distances up to 3 kilometers from the target, according to Russian and American experts, is 0.7 ... 0.8. In this case, anti-ship missiles, even with a damaged control system, can overcome the remaining distance to the target along the ballistic trajectory and convey to it the warhead.

The probability of shells and fragments directly entering contact sensors is negligible due to the small size of the sensors. The probability of shells and fragments falling into the cables and wires connecting the sensors to the safety-actuating mechanism of the explosive device is quite high and amounts to the order of 0.1 ... 0.2 and more, depending on the length of the cable network laid along the rocket from sensors to the safety-executive mechanism. Under these conditions, the explosive device should provide an organized detonation of the warhead when the anti-ship missiles meet with a target.

Given that anti-ship missiles are an expensive means of destruction, they must have high operational reliability, including in the final section of the trajectory, anti-ship missiles are required to be resistant to direct hit of shells or fragments of MZAK in elements of an explosive device. In other words, the penetration of shells and fragments of MZAK into the cables and wires connecting the system of contact sensors with the safety-executive mechanism should not lead to the operation of an explosive device and the detonation of the warhead.

The task of ensuring the stability of the explosive device to the effects of shells and fragments MZAK is solved by automatically disconnecting the affected elements of the explosive device from the executive (explosive) device, while the explosive device remains operational when meeting with the target.

Known explosive devices described in the patents of Germany No. 1089304 and USA No. 4019441, No. 4480550, No. 4799427, containing contact sensors with safety-actuating mechanisms that provide detonation of the warhead with delay from the moment the sensors are triggered when the rocket encounters an obstacle.

Known contact explosive devices that recognize the type of obstacles and distinguish between collisions with various objects. So, in the device for detonating a guided missile (US patent No. 4799427), penetrating into the target, there is an electronic device for slowing down, adjustable in accordance with the signals of the acceleration sensors. A threshold electrical circuit generates output signals that activate an electric deceleration time device having two deceleration intervals, one for strong barriers and one for soft barriers.

The disadvantage of the above devices is the lack of their resistance to the effects of MZAK shells in the final section of the trajectory.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a contact explosive device according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2186334, taken as a prototype. It contains a system of contact sensors made in the form of two groups, one of which is installed on the shell of the rocket, the other is located directly in the warhead, and a safety-actuating mechanism with a fire chain of a safety type. When a barrier is penetrated, a delayed detonation of the warhead is provided, and a group of target sensors located on the shell of the rocket is triggered. When a rocket meets an impenetrable obstacle, an instant detonation of the warhead from sensors located inside the warhead of the rocket is provided.

The disadvantages of the contact explosive device adopted for the prototype include the fact that when MZAK shells get into the cables and wires connecting the system of contact sensors with the safety-actuating mechanism, the firing circuit fires in the final section of the missile flight path after cocking the explosive device executive device and premature detonation of the warhead, not causing any damage to the target.

Common features of the prototype with the present invention is the presence of a system of contact sensors and a safety-executive mechanism with an actuator, explosive relays and storage capacitors, charged from an onboard power source.

The objective of the invention was the creation of a contact explosive device, which, after cocking on the flight path of a rocket, would be resistant to the direct impact of MZAK shells in the wires and cables connecting the system of contact sensors with a safety-actuating mechanism.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the present invention is expressed in ensuring the stability of the explosive device to the effects of MZAK shells, which allows us to create a new class of highly effective anti-ship missiles that are resistant to the effects of enemy anti-missile systems.

The technical result of ensuring the stability of the explosive device to the effects of MZAK shells is achieved by automatically disconnecting the damaged circuits of the explosive device from the actuator by introducing explosive relays into the circuit with the normally closed contacts closing time (1.1 ... 5.0) times the opening time normally closed contacts.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that in the contact explosive device for anti-ship missiles, containing a system of contact sensors with shielded connecting wires, a safety-actuating mechanism with an actuator, with explosive relays and with storage capacitors charging from an onboard power source, in the circuit of each the sensor includes a storage capacitor and two explosive relays connected to it, with one sensor contact connected to the storage con to the sensor, the wire shield is connected to the first explosive relay, and the other sensor contact is connected to the second explosive relay, while the normally closed contact of the first explosive relay and the normally open contact of the second explosive relay are connected in a series circuit connected, on the one hand, to the storage capacitor, and on the other hand to the actuator, wherein the number of sequential circuits is the number of sensors, and the time of opening the first normally closed contacts of relay explosive t ₁ and the time of closures of normally open relay contacts of the second explosive t ₂ are related

t ₂ = (1,1 ... 5,0) t ₁ .

An explosive device of the proposed technical solution is illustrated in the drawing.

The drawing shows an electrical schematic diagram of the proposed contact explosive device.

The diagram (as an example) presents a system of contact sensors, which includes four sensors D1 ... D4, one contact of which is made in the form of a cap, and the second contact is in the form of a pin. The sensors are connected to the safety mechanism circuit by shielded wires.

The safety-executive mechanism contains five storage capacitors, four of which C1 ... C4 are connected to the system of contact sensors, and one - C5 to the actuator of the DUT. Storage capacitors C1 ... C4 are connected to the caps of the sensors D1 ... D4 and through the diodes VD1 ... VD4 and the limiting resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, respectively, to the on-board power supply Vcc. The storage capacitor C5 is connected to the on-board power supply Vcc via a VD5 diode and a limiting resistor R5.

Explosive relays KE1, KE3, KE5 and KE7 are connected to the shields of the connecting wires, and the relays KE2, KE4, KE6 and KE8 are connected to the pins of the sensors D1 ... D4.

Four circuits are connected in parallel between the storage capacitor C5 and the actuator of the safety switch actuator IU (in the number of sensors), each of which consists of normally connected normally open and normally closed contacts of the explosive relays from each sensor.

A prerequisite for the operability of the device is to disable the sensor if the connecting wires coming from it are damaged before a signal appears to trigger the actuator of the DUT. In other words, the opening time of normally closed contacts t _{1 of the} explosion relays KE1, KE3, KE5 and KE7 should be less than the time of closing of normally open contacts t _{2 of the} explosive relays KE2, KE4, KE6 and KE8. It was experimentally established that the performance of the circuit is ensured when the relation

t ₂ = (1,1 ... 5,0) t ₁ .

As a rule, the known designs of explosive relays satisfy the above relation. If this ratio is not fulfilled, it is possible to increase the time t ₂ by introducing limiting resistors into the circuit between the pin of each sensor and explosive relays KE2, KE4, KE6 and KE8. These resistors will limit the discharge current of capacitors C1 ... C4 when the explosive relays KE2, KE4, KE6 and KE8 are triggered, so the contact closure time t _{2 will} increase. The value of the resistors is selected based on the implementation of the above relationship between the times t ₁ and t ₂ .

Contact explosive device, a diagram of which is shown in the drawing, operates as follows.

On the flight of the rocket, the storage capacitors C1 ... C5 through the diodes VD1 ... VD5 and the limiting resistors R1 ... R5, respectively, are charged to the voltage of the on-board power source.

If on the final section of the flight path of the rocket after cocking the safety-actuating mechanism the MZAK shell gets into the connecting wires coming, for example, from the D1 sensor, then the wires coming from the cap and the pin will be shorted to the screen. In this case, the explosive relays KE1 and KE2 will work. Since the closing time of the relay contacts t _{1 is} longer than the opening time t ₂ , then first the contact KE1-1 will open in the serial circuit, and then the contact KE2-1 will be closed. Thus, the serial circuit will remain open, automatically disconnecting the D1 sensor from the actuator.

When meeting with an obstacle, the cap closes to the pin of sensors D2, D3 and D4. In this case, the explosive relays KE4, KE6 and KE8 are activated and the contacts KE4-1, KE6-1 and KE8-1 are closed. Capacitor C5 is discharged through closed-circuit serial circuits to the actuator IU, which causes the operation of the warhead.

It should be noted that the explosive device, the scheme of which is shown in the drawing, remains operational even if the MZAK shells damage the connecting wires from three sensors and automatically disconnect them from the actuator, while the operation of the warhead when it encounters an obstacle will be ensured by one remaining connected sensor.

As a shielded connecting wire in the design of an explosive device, a triaxial cable can be used, which is a central core shielded through an insulator with an internal braid, which in turn is shielded through an insulator with an external braid. In this case, the outer braid of the triaxial cable is connected to one sensor contact and the storage capacitor, the inner braid is connected to the first explosive relay, and the central core is connected to another sensor contact and the second explosive relay.

The technical result of the claimed invention is confirmed by the test results of an explosive device in laboratory and bench conditions.

Claims (2)

1. Contact explosive device for anti-ship missiles, comprising a system of contact sensors with shielded connecting wires, a safety-actuating mechanism with an actuator, with explosive relays and with storage capacitors charging from an onboard power supply, characterized in that the storage circuit of each sensor includes capacitor and two explosive relays connected to it, and one sensor contact is connected to the storage capacitor, the screen of wires is connected n to the first explosive relay, and the other contact of the sensor is connected to the second explosive relay, while the normally closed contact of the first explosive relay and the normally open contact of the second explosive relay are connected in a series circuit connected on one side to the storage capacitor, and on the other hand to the executive the device, while the number of serial circuits is equal to the number of sensors, and the opening time of the normally closed contacts of the first explosive relay t1 and the closing time of the normally open circuit The second explosive relay t2 is connected by the relation t2 = (1.1 ÷ 5.0) t1. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shielded connecting wires are made in the form of a triaxial cable, the outer braid of which is connected to one contact of the sensor and the storage capacitor, the inner braid is connected to the first explosive relay, and the central core is connected to another contact of the sensor and second explosive relay.