RU2289604C1 - Method of production of the bituminous binding agent from the acid goudron - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction materials industry; methods of production of the bituminous binding agent from the acid goudron.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of construction materials industry, in particular, to the method of production of the bituminous binding agent from the acid goudron. The method provides, that the acid goudron is treated with the neutralizing agent with the subsequent thermal dehydration and the thermal oxidation of the products of the neutralization and their mixing with the modifying additive. In the capacity of the modifying additive they use the polymeric waste products of the paintwork materials in the quantity of 5-15 % per 100 % of the oxidizable raw and simultaneously conduct the thermal dehydration and epy the thermal oxidation of the neutralization products at presence of the modifying additive. The technical result of the invention is simplification of the production process.

EFFECT: the invention ensures simplification of the production process.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials - by processing waste oil refineries formed during the cleaning of white oils with concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum. Currently, this product, the so-called acid tar (KG), of varying degrees of acidity, is discharged into storage ponds, where over time acid is washed out by atmospheric precipitation, as well as the release of SO ₂ and SO ₃ , as a result of which water and air are polluted pools. Disposal of CG solves an important task of creating waste-free production and environmental protection.

A known method of producing bitumen by mixing acidic oil refinery with heated high-boiling oil products, obtaining a reaction mass and gas-bitumen foam with its subsequent destruction. But this method did not find application because of the complex and expensive hardware design. (A.S. USSR, No. 973589, Cl. C 10 C 3/04, aut. A.D. Rudkovsky et al., 1982)

Closest to the proposed invention is a method for producing a bitumen binder by treating pond acid tar with a neutralizing agent, followed by thermal dehydration and thermal oxidation of the neutralization products and mixing them with a modifying additive - propane deasphalting asphalt. This method is characterized by the ability to obtain a bitumen binder that meets the requirements of GOST for road bitumen, but this method does not seem to be able to process acid tar, since deasphalting asphalts are a commodity product and have a high cost and their reserves are currently exhausted. (A.S. USSR, No. 910723, Cl. C 10 C 3/04, Bull. No. 9, authored A.F. Frolov, A.N. Aminov, N.M. Mayorova.)

The objective of the invention is the production of bitumen binders based on KG with improved technical characteristics and with lower cost.

The problem is solved by thermal dehydration of acid tar and its further thermal oxidation using a modifying additive - polymer waste from paint and varnish plants.

This waste is a solution in volatile organic solvents (xylene, toluene, solvent, white spirit, nefras) of the condensation products of polyhydric alcohols and polybasic acids modified with vegetable oils, fatty acids of vegetable or tall oils, rosin, synthetic resins (phenolic, urea, epoxy).

The technological process for receiving waste consists of the following stages:

- preparation of raw materials;

- resin synthesis: it is carried out in two stages: transesterification (vegetable oil or its substitute is loaded into the reactor, then under the vacuum is the prescribed amount of rosin, heating and nitrogen supply are turned on and the prescribed amount of pentaerythritol is placed in the reaction mass) and polyesterification (the reaction mass is cooled and produced phthalic anhydride charge);

- dissolution of resins in organic solvents;

- filtering varnishes and packaging in containers;

- washing equipment.

As a result of cleaning technological equipment (mixers, containers, centrifuges, filters), a waste is formed - a thick viscous mass with the presence of varnish films.

Previously, the acid tar dehydration process was carried out thermally, while the costs of the process were unreasonably high. We have tested a method for the thermochemical dehydration of acid tar with the simultaneous modification of its polymer additive - a waste of the paint and varnish materials factory. With this method, the process of dehydration and oxidation of acid tar is carried out simultaneously. Since the polymer waste of the paint and varnish materials factory contains a large number of polar solvents, forming azeotropic mixtures with water in acidic tar, this allows you to remove water with the solvent, thereby reducing energy costs for the process. Therefore, it becomes possible to combine the process of dehydration of acid tar with the process of its processing. As can be seen, the results of the dehydration process strongly depend on the initial water content in the acid tar, on the amount of polymer additive and on the amount of solvent in this waste. With an increase in the solvent / acid tar ratio (multiplicity), the residual water content decreases from 57% to traces of water in the product. One of the tasks was to find the minimum solvent multiplicity, which allows for effective dehydration of acid tar and, at the same time, modify the resulting bitumen with this waste, without unduly increasing the process time. The yield of the dehydrated product decreases with increasing frequency, which is explained by a decrease in the ratio of water: solvent in the system. This increases the dissolving power of solvents with respect to acid tar components. At low multiplicity, solvents almost completely dissolve in the components of acid tar, thereby modifying them. As a result of further thermal oxidation, it allows to obtain a bitumen binder with the best performance characteristics.

EXAMPLE 1. As a feedstock, KG with an acid number of 30-70 mg KOH / g of tar and a water content of 57% is used, as a neutralizing agent we use hydrated slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) corresponding to GOST 9179-77, a modifying additive - 5% polymeric waste of factories of paints and varnishes. Thermochemical dehydration and thermal oxidation of acid tar in bitumen in the presence of a modifying additive is carried out with atmospheric oxygen for 4 hours, with constant stirring and a process temperature of 120 ° C.

EXAMPLE 2. As a feedstock, KG with an acid number of 30-70 mg KOH / g of tar and a water content of 57% is used, as a neutralizing agent we use air hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), corresponding to GOST 9179-77, a modifying additive - 10% polymeric waste of factories of paints and varnishes. Thermochemical dehydration and thermal oxidation of neutralization products in bitumen in the presence of a modifying additive is carried out with atmospheric oxygen for 4 hours, with constant stirring and a process temperature of 120 ° C.

EXAMPLE 3. As a feedstock, KG with an acid number of 30-70 mg KOH / g tar and a water content of 57% is used, as a neutralizing agent we use air hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), corresponding to GOST 9179-77, a modifying additive - 15% polymeric waste of factories of paints and varnishes. Thermochemical dehydration and thermal oxidation of neutralization products in bitumen in the presence of a modifying additive is carried out with atmospheric oxygen for 4 hours, with constant stirring and a process temperature of 120 ° C.

EXAMPLE 4. As a feedstock, KG with an acid number of 30-70 mg KOH / g of tar and a water content of 57% is used; as a neutralizing agent, we use hydrated slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) corresponding to GOST 9179-77. Thermal dehydration and thermal oxidation of neutralization products into bitumen without a modifying additive is carried out with atmospheric oxygen for 4 hours, with constant stirring and a process temperature of 120 ° C.

Name of indicator Sour tar bitumen. Roofing bitumen BNK-45/190 KG KG + 5% mod. additives KG + 10% mod. additives KG + 15% mod. additives 1. The depth of penetration of the needle, mm 43 160 172 215 160-220 2. The softening temperature of the ring and ball, ° C 53 49 47 46 40-50 3. Mass. the proportion of water soluble compounds. 0.36 0.31 0.12 0.11 0.30 4. Mass fraction of water,% fourteen traces traces traces traces 5. Flash point ° C, not lower 242 245 244 247 240

Thus, the use of polymer waste from factories of paints and varnishes as a modifying additive in an amount (5-15%) makes it possible to obtain a bituminous binder, corresponding in its parameters to roofing bitumen. (Roofing bitumen BNK-45/190.)

Claims (1)

A method of producing a bitumen binder from acid tar by treating it with a neutralizing agent, followed by thermal dehydration and thermal oxidation of the neutralization products using a modifying additive, characterized in that as a modifying additive, polymeric waste from the manufacture of paints and varnishes is used in an amount of 5-15% for 100% oxidizable raw materials and conduct simultaneous thermal dehydration and thermal oxidation of neutralization products in the presence of a modifying additive.