RU2289080C1 - Device for preventing formation of deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device can be used for prevention of formation of salty deposits in different types of heat exchange equipment: vapor and water boilers, heat exchangers, water heaters etc. Device has unit for electromagnet treatment of water and water duct made of two tubes disposed co-axial. One of tubes has bigger diameter; there is winding-inductor at external part of the tube, which winding is connected to current source. The tube has branch pipe for draining water enriched with salts. The other tube has smaller diameter and it is mounted at output of water duct and is intended for feeding water into heat exchange equipment. Ionized radiation source is mounted at output of water duct. Ferrous rod is mounted in center of smaller diameter tube; the rod has high magnetic permeability.

EFFECT: improved efficiency; significant reduction of costs.

2 dwg

Description

The proposed device is designed to prevent the formation of salt deposits (scale) in various heat exchange equipment: steam and water boilers, heat exchangers, water heaters, etc.

A device is known for preventing the formation of salt deposits in heat exchange equipment (see Russian patent C1, F 28 G 7/00 No. 2125220). The known invention has, in our opinion, a serious drawback, in particular, this is associated with difficulties in determining the optimal amplitude and frequency of oscillations, in which the prevention of deposits will be most effective.

Known patent of Russia C1, F 28 G 7/00 No. 2124686. The device consists of a pulse generator with electrodes, the function of which is performed by the boiler wall, made in the form of a paraboloid. The invention has significant drawbacks, in particular requires periodic replacement of the electrodes, because intensive wear occurs, as a result of which the prevention of deposits is significantly reduced. In addition, for mounting an oscillation emitter (paraboloid) in the boiler wall, special permission from the Goskotlonadzor and additional strength tests are required, which leads to serious costs and complicates practical implementation.

As a prototype, the patent of Russia No. 2177912, class. C 02 F 1/48, C 02 F 103/02. A device for preventing scale formation in heat exchange equipment, comprising a device for electromagnetic treatment of water, having a water conduit made of two coaxially placed pipes, one of which, of a larger diameter, is made of diamagnetic material with a winding connected to a current source and has a drain pipe water saturated with salts, and another one of a smaller diameter is installed at the outlet of the water conduit and is designed to supply water to the heat exchange equipment, while an ionization source is installed at the inlet of the water conduit Rowan radiation.

The known invention, as shown by the experience of its operation, has a serious drawback. The current source that feeds the winding consumes a significant amount of energy to create Lorentz forces, which negatively affects the economic performance of heat-exchange equipment, given the tendency to a continuous increase in energy prices.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the efficiency of the device for preventing salt deposits in heat exchange equipment due to a significant increase in the energy of the electromagnetic field with an overall significant reduction in energy consumption.

The task is achieved by the fact that a ferromagnetic rod with high magnetic permeability is installed in the center of the pipe of smaller diameter.

The novelty of the proposed proposal lies in the fact that a ferromagnetic rod with high magnetic permeability is installed in the center of the pipe of smaller diameter. Magnetic induction B ₀ or the intensity of the magnetic field created inside the water duct by a winding connected to a current source is defined as:

B ₀ = μ ₀ · H, [T],

where μ ₀ = 4π · 10 ^-7 Gn is the magnetic constant or magnetic permeability of free space or vacuum, Gn / m;

The magnetic field strength inside the conduit can be determined:

where I is the magnitude of the current, A;

W is the number of turns in the winding;

l is the width of the winding, m

Magnetic induction B for a core coil:

B ₀ = μ ₀ · μ · H, [T],

where μ is the relative magnetic permeability.

The initial relative magnetic permeability μ of carbonyl iron is 2,000 ... 3,000, and the maximum reaches 20,000 (see L. G. Prishchep. Textbook of a rural electrician. M., Kolos. 1973. P.54, 59-60).

According to the patent and scientific literature, no similar proposal was found, which allows us to judge the inventive step of the claimed combination of features.

Figure 1, 2 presents a General diagram of the design of the device. It consists of a device for electromagnetic treatment of water and a water conduit made of two coaxially placed pipes, one of which, of a larger diameter, is made of diamagnetic material (for example, stainless steel) 1, on the outside of which there is a winding-inductor 2 connected to a current source 3, and has a pipe 4 for discharging water saturated with salts, and another one of a smaller diameter 5 is installed at the outlet of the water conduit and is designed to supply desalted water to the heat exchange apparatus 6, and a source is installed at the inlet of the water conduit ionizing radiation 7. In the center of the pipe 5 of a smaller diameter, on stretch marks, a ferromagnetic rod 8 is installed.

The device operates as follows. Water enters the pipe 1 into a pipe 1 made of diamagnetic material, where it is exposed to an ionizing radiation source 7, for example a lamp with a hard ultraviolet radiation spectrum (or radiation), as a result of which hardness salts, mainly calcium or magnesium, undergo ionization - Ca ⁺⁺ , Mg ⁺⁺ , CO ₃ ^- , SO ₄ ^- , etc. and then they are affected by an electromagnetic field created by a winding 2 connected to a current source 3, as a result of which positive and negative ions under the influence of Lorentz forces move to the inner surface of the pipe 1, and practically desalted water enters the pipe 5 and further into the heat exchanger 6, which allows to ensure a non-scale mode of operation on the heating surfaces of the heat-exchanging equipment. Due to the ferromagnetic rod 8 installed on the braces in the center of the pipe 5, the magnetic induction inside the conduit increases by at least two, three orders of magnitude, which, in turn (see the formula), can reduce the current in the winding by two, three orders of magnitude 2 and, accordingly, significantly reduce the energy consumption of the current source, which is especially important, given the tendency to a continuous increase in energy prices. Rod 8, as noted, is mounted on braces or secured by four electrodes in such a way that it practically does not resist the incoming water flow.

The optimal mode of operation is regulated by the magnitude of the current from the source 3 in the winding 2, and water with a high salt content exits through the pipe 4.

The proposed technical solution can significantly increase the efficiency of the device, reduce energy consumption, as well as labor costs for preventive and capital repairs of heating equipment.

Claims (1)

A device for preventing scale formation in heat exchange equipment, comprising a device for electromagnetic water treatment and a water conduit made of two coaxially placed pipes, one of which, of a larger diameter, is made of diamagnetic material, on the outside of which there is a winding-inductor connected to a current source , and has a pipe for draining water saturated with salts, and the other is of a smaller diameter, is installed at the outlet of the water conduit and is designed to supply water to the heat exchange equipment, while at the entrance conduit mounted source of ionizing radiation, characterized in that the center of the tube of smaller diameter mounted a ferromagnetic core with high magnetic permeability.

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