RU2288979C1 - Device for producing bast-fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical separation of fibers from plant materials.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises dispensing conveyor, breaking section, and scutching section. The breaking section has three rows of breaking rollers that define the top and bottom fields of breaking. In front of the braking section is the guiding rollers for transporting the material from the top field of breaking to the bottom field of breaking and discharging it from the device.

EFFECT: improved structure.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of primary processing of bast crops, in particular to the processing of flax trusts, and can be used to produce long flax fiber.

Currently, the processing of flax trusts and the production of flax fiber are carried out at flax mills on production lines, consisting of high-performance, but metal- and energy-intensive machines. This equipment is poorly adapted to the processing of flax trusts supplied by farmers in the form of rolls and characterized by a significant heterogeneity in the complex of physical, mechanical and technological properties, as well as the absence of parallelization of the stems and their longitudinal displacement (extension). All this leads to a low yield of long fiber and its high cost. In addition, industrial equipment, for the reasons mentioned above, cannot be used in the conditions of small-scale fiber production (farm or peasant farms).

At the same time, there are samples of small-sized equipment designed to produce long flax fiber with a handful (not in-line) feeding of flax trust and combining wrinkling and beating in one machine.

This equipment, compared with that used in production lines, allows to increase the yield of long fiber by 1.5-2 times.

Known devices for producing bast fiber [1, 2], including two machines connected by a reversible folding conveyor, to which using a feeding conveyor located across or along the folding, handfuls of linen trusts are fed. These schemes allow, due to the use of 2 machines (providing processes of crushing and scuffing), to automatically process the vertex and butt parts of the stems and obtain a long fiber.

The disadvantages of these devices include the complexity of the structures, the use of 2 machines and their incomplete loading, as they work one at a time.

The closest analogue of the device for producing bast fiber is the SMT-200M milling and bobbing machine [3], which includes a folding conveyor, a mulin, consisting of 3 pairs of rolls, and a bobbin part - 2 bobbin drums.

The main disadvantage of this device is that after processing (wrinkling and scuffing) about 2/3 of the length of the stems from the top or butt part of the layer is displayed on a folding conveyor, where it is manually turned over. After this, the second, untreated ends of the stems are minted and scuffed. Then the material in the form of an already long fiber is repeatedly displayed on the folding conveyor, from where it is manually removed.

The objective of the claimed invention is to obtain a long flax fiber from a trust with a handful (not conveyor) food, with the exception of manual operations to turn the layer after processing the first ends of the stems and remove the obtained long fiber, that is, to automate the processing of handfuls of trusts and obtaining a long fiber.

The technical result, which consists in eliminating this drawback in a device for producing bast fiber, comprising a folding conveyor, a pulping and scutching parts, according to the invention, is achieved by the fact that the pulping part is provided with three rows of grinding rolls forming the upper and lower crease fields, guides are installed in front of the grinding part rolls for transferring material from the upper to the lower field of mint and its output from the device.

The device is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of an implementation of the inventive device for producing bast fiber.

Figure 2 is a diagram of the movement of the layer for the entire processing cycle (without the stage of scuffing).

The device comprises a folding conveyor 1, three rows of moulder rolls 2, scraper drums 3, guide rolls 4, a folding table 5.

The device operates as follows. Formed on a folding conveyor 1 layer of stalks of linen trusts moves through the upper mint field (the conveyor moves to the right, and the upper row of mulberry rolls 2 rotates counterclockwise) and is introduced for 10-30 seconds into the bumble field formed by two scraper drums 3 (figure 2 , segment 1). At the same time, about 2/3 of the length of the stems is subject to beating. After introducing the stems into the scrubbing field, the conveyor and the moulder rolls stop (the conveyor remains motionless until the next handful of trust is served). At the end of the process of scuffing one end of the stems, the drive of the mulberry part of the device is reversed, and the stems (raw with one end in the form of a long fiber.) Move to the left (Fig. 2, segment 2), abut against the upper guide roll 4 (corrugated or planar, rotating like the lower one with a greater linear speed than the grinding rolls), which beats them to the lower one, and that in turn directs the ends of the stems into the lower mint field (Fig. 2, segment 3). After processing the layer in the lower mint field (Fig. 2, segment 4), the previously untreated ends of the stems are treated with drums 3. At the end of the mashing process, the mulberry part drive is reversed, and a fully processed handful in the form of a long fiber is displayed on the receiving table 5, which corresponds to segments 5 and 6 of figure 2.

Throughout the entire processing cycle, the guide rolls and bobbin drums rotate continuously and in the same direction.

The amount of movement of the folding conveyor and the number of revolutions of the grinding rolls (different when moving the material in the upper and lower fields of the bruise and to the right and left sides) to ensure the pulling of handfuls of material along their entire length should be adjustable depending on the length of the processed stems. For this, devices similar to those used on the SMT-200M machine and consisting of worm gears driven by grinding rolls, cams and limit switches, as well as a time relay, can be used.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 1513041. Device for processing bast-fiber raw materials / Schechkin V.V. et al. - Published on 10/07/1989. - Bull. Number 37.

2. Rumyantsev S.N. Development and justification of the parameters of the milling and bobbin machine for processing linen trusts. Diss. ... cand. tech. sciences. - Kostroma, 1994.

3. Khramtsov V.N. Directory of factory primary processing of flax. - M.: Light and food industry, 1984, p.376.

Claims (1)

A device for producing bast fiber, including a folding conveyor, mulin and scrub parts, characterized in that the mnn part is provided with three rows of mnat rolls forming the upper and lower mint fields, guide rolls are installed in front of the mnal part to transfer material from the upper to lower mint field and its output from the device.

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