RU2288885C2 - Container gripping device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; load-gripping facilities.

SUBSTANCE: according to invention, beam shifting drive is furnished with crank-and-connecting rod mechanisms, gears arranged on slow-speed shafts of reduction gear engage through gear joints with cranks of crank-and-connecting rod mechanisms whose cranks are installed on side walls of housing. connecting rods are hinge-connected be ends to sliders, each provided with pair of gear wheels rigidly installed on axle fitted in slider housing so that smaller gear wheel engages with rack installed on slider guide, and larger gear wheel, with rack installed on gear telescopic beam. Lock turning mechanisms include L-shaped drive levers with turning axles arranged parallel to longitudinal axis of gripping device, one end of each lever being connected by means of tie-rods with levers of locks turnable in horizontal plane and other end of said lever being connected with measuring weight and hydraulic pusher. Some guides for telescopic beams are made in form of rollers with slots and others, arranged in places of appearance of considerable loads, in form of plates with slots, plates being installed for cross displacement. Device is furnished with replaceable adjusting strips to adjust position of said plates.

EFFECT: improved reliability.

9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to load gripping devices intended for reloading containers of various sizes.

A gripping device is known (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1730000, class B 66 C 1/66, 02/12/1990), containing a frame, telescopic beams mounted on it, equipped with gripping bodies, and a beam movement drive including a hydraulic cylinder with two blocks on rod, fixed blocks and one flexible element mounted on the frame and sequentially enveloping one of the blocks of the cylinder rod, frame blocks and another block of the hydraulic cylinder.

However, this device, due to the presence of a flexible element that can stretch during operation, will not provide reliable operation, as may seize the gripping organs when they are removed from the container fittings.

The closest analogue in technical essence is a gripping device for freight containers of various lengths (DE 2119479 C3, class B 66 C 1/66, 04/21/1971), containing a supporting frame, telescopic beams installed on it, equipped with gripping bodies and a drive the movement of the beams, consisting of an electric motor with a gearbox, on the output shafts of which the sprockets are fixed, and a chain is fixed on the beams. The locking devices installed on the retractable beams fix its length in accordance with the standard dimensions of the containers, but this does not exclude the spacing of the beams to any other position with an emergency outcome.

Therefore, the disadvantages of this device are the lack of reliability and design complexity due to the presence of transmission elements in the form of sprockets and a chain fixed to the beam.

The objective of the present invention is to simplify the design and increase reliability.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the gripping device for containers containing a box-shaped body, retractable beams with traverses attached to them, equipped with rotary locks and mechanisms for their rotation, a beam movement drive including an electric motor and a reducer mounted on the retractable beams rails and guides for retractable beams mounted on the device body, the beam movement drive is equipped with crank mechanisms, gears are placed on low-speed shafts of the gearbox, the crankshafts which are connected by means of gear joints with cranks, the cranks of which are mounted on the side walls of the housing, and the connecting rods with their respective ends are pivotally connected to the sliders, each of which is equipped with a pair of gear wheels mounted rigidly on an axis placed in the slide body in such a way that small a gear wheel interacts with a rack mounted on a slide guide, and a larger one interacts with a rack mounted on a retractable beam and made of a gear, lock rotation mechanisms include L-shaped drive levers with rotation axes arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the gripping device, one end of each lever being connected via rods to the lock levers turning in the horizontal plane, and the other end of this lever connected to a measured load and a hydraulic pusher, one of the guides for retractable beams made in the form of rollers having grooves, and others located in places of significant loads, in the form of plates with grooves, the plates are mounted with the possibility of transverse besides, the device is equipped with interchangeable adjustment bars for adjusting the position of said plates.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a gripper for containers;

figure 2 is a view A (top) of figure 1;

figure 3 - section BB in figure 1 (on the crank, the connecting rod is in an intermediate position);

figure 4 - section bb in figure 1 (on the slider);

figure 5 is a section GG in figure 2 (on the capture housing);

Fig.6 is a section DD in Fig.5 (along the guide plate);

Fig.7 is a view of E (left) in Fig.1;

on Fig - view W in Fig.7 (on the lever of the rotary lock);

figure 9 is a section II in figure 7 (for cargo).

The gripping device for containers (FIGS. 1 and 2) comprises a box-shaped body 1, retractable beams 2 with traverses 3 attached thereto, provided with rotary locks 4 for coupling with the container. The beam movement drive, consisting of an electric motor 5 and a reducer 6, is mounted on a height-adjustable plate 7, one side of which is pivotally connected via an arm 8 to the housing 1, and the other by means of hinged bolts 9 and nuts fixed on the housing 1 and 10. On low-speed shafts gear 6 (figure 3) are mounted gears 11, which by means of gears interact with cranks 12 mounted on the side walls of the housing 1. At a calculated distance r from the axis of the crank 12, a shaft is pivotally connected to it with one end n 13, which at its other end is also pivotally attached to the slider 14. The slider 14 (Fig. 4) is equipped with a pair of gears (large 15 and small 16 - the gear ratio of the gears of the wheels is 4: 1) mounted rigidly on the axis, and small the wheel 16 interacts with the rail mounted on the guide of the slider 14, and the large wheel 15 interacts with the rail 18 mounted on the slide beam 2, the movement of which occurs along the guide rollers 19 and the plates 20 (Fig. 5). In this case, the adjustment of the position of the plate 20 is made by the strap 21 (Fig.6).

The rotation mechanism of the locks 4 for coupling with the container (Fig. 7) is a L-shaped drive lever 22, one end of which is pivotally mounted (Fig. 8) with the levers 23 of the rotary locks 4 using rods 24, and the other end of the lever 22 is connected to a measured weight 25, which is (Fig. 9) stackable plates and mounted on a rod 26, pivotally connected to a lever 22 and freely moving on another rod 27, which is pivotally mounted on a beam 3. The drive lever 22 is actuated by means of a pivotally attached to him hydrotolkat A 28, also pivotally mounted on the crosspiece 3 on the basis of the calculated distance from the load. The axis of rotation of the drive lever 29, located in the place of fracture, is located on the traverse 3 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the gripping device.

The gripping device operates as follows. In the shifted position of the beams 2, containers of smaller length are captured (L = 6058 mm - container length).

To carry out loading and unloading operations with large containers (L = 12192 mm), the beams 2 are pushed in opposite directions from the housing 1. For this, from the electric motor 5, the rotation is transmitted through the gears to the crank 12, which, in turn, drives the articulated connecting rod 13 the slider 14 is activated. In this case, the large gear 15 engaged with the rack 18 mounted on the slide beam 2 extends the beam a distance equal to

c = a + b,

where a = 2 × r is the distance by which the connecting rod 13 moves when the crank 12 rotates 180 °, where

r = 306.7 mm - connecting rod arm 13, then

a = 2 × 306.7 = 613.4 mm;

b = 4 × a is the distance by which the slider 14 moves the beam 2 (the gear ratio of gears is 4: 1); hence

c = 5 × a = 3067 mm - in each direction, and in total the extension of the beams 2 occurs by 6134 mm, i.e. on the length of a large container:

L = 6058 + 6134 = 12192 mm,

where 6058 mm is the length of the small container.

Thus, the small stroke of the connecting rod 13 due to the gear ratio of the group of rack and pinion gears (in this case 4: 1) is converted to the necessary sliding stroke of the beams 2. With a further rotation of the crank 12, the beams 2 return to their original position.

Therefore, with this design there is no need for locking devices, which ensures its reliable operation.

To stow the container, after installing the beams 2 to the desired size, the gripping device with the help of spring-loaded catchers 30 is centered on the walls of the container so that at the time of landing its pivot pins 4 are oriented to the upper holes of all corner fittings. In the initial position, the rotary locks 4 are in the "Closed" position. The locks 4 are turned into the "Open" position from the hydraulic pusher 28, the rod of which extends up to the limit, thereby actuating the L-shaped lever 22, turning it around an axis, which, in turn, by means of the rods 24 turns the levers 23 of the rotary locks 4 90 °. When lowering the gripper, the rotary locks 4 enter the holes of the container fittings. When the hydropusher 28 is de-energized, its rod drops down under the influence of the load 25 and through the system of levers-rods, the rotary locks 4 return to their original position, i.e. to the closed position. Container capture occurs. Similarly, container suspension occurs. The lock rotation mechanism is simple and reliable, as it has an electromechanical effect on one position - “Open”, and on the “Closed” position a load is applied that does not require special maintenance.

Claims (1)

A gripping device for containers containing a box-shaped body, retractable beams with traverses attached to them, equipped with rotary locks and mechanisms for their rotation, a beam movement drive including an electric motor and a reducer mounted on the rails retractable beams and guides for the retractable beams installed on the device’s case, characterized in that the beam movement drive is equipped with crank mechanisms, gears interacting on the low-speed shafts of the gearbox a set of gear joints with cranks of crank mechanisms, the cranks of which are mounted on the side walls of the housing, and the connecting rods with their respective ends are pivotally attached to the sliders, each of which is equipped with a pair of gear wheels mounted rigidly on an axis placed in the slide body in such a way that a small gear the wheel interacts with a rail mounted on the slide guide, and the larger one interacts with a rail mounted on a retractable beam and made of a gear, lock rotation mechanisms include L-shaped drive levers with pivot axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the gripping device, one end of each lever being connected via lock rods with horizontal locking levers and the other end of this lever connected to a measured load and a hydraulic pusher, one of the guides for the retractable beams made in the form of rollers having grooves, and others located in places where significant loads occur, in the form of plates with grooves, the plates are installed with the possibility of lateral movement, while troystvo provided with exchangeable adjusting straps for adjusting the position of said plates.

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