RU2288445C2 - Device for locking of burst products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry, applicable at a blast destruction of rocks, mainly by deep-hole charges in open pits.

SUBSTANCE: the device includes an elastic vessel with an inertial body of sealed and contains at least two cells filled with chemical blowing reagents, the cells are separated between each other and the vessel by a destructible partition, or by a valve fixture, or by a device for controllable motion of the reagents and products of chemical reaction between the reagents.

EFFECT: simplified installation of the device in the deep-hole, expanded potentialities of its use and enhanced extent of its use.

16 cl, 1 dwg

Description

1. The technical field

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for explosive destruction of rocks, mainly downhole charges in open pits.

2. The level of technology

Known devices for locking explosion products containing an inert element located in the well above the charge (stemming) or between separate parts of the charge (inert gap) [1]. When an inert substance is located directly on the charge, it deforms the charge and does not provide the formation of dynamic processes in the charging cavity, possible in the presence of air cavities between the explosive and the device for locking the products of the explosion (jamming) or between the individual parts of the charge. This leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the explosion of the explosive charge.

A technical solution is known [2], which can be used to shut off explosion products, which is carried out by a plug of an inert substance placed in a container of elastic material, held on weight in the well due to the friction of the material on the wall of the well using a rod and an anchor located in inert material.

The disadvantages of this device are the inability to use inert liquid materials and the need to use a relatively high column of inert material to create the necessary friction force of this column with the wall of the well.

These disadvantages complicate the installation of this device in the well, limit the conditions and volumes of use of this device.

3. Disclosure of invention

An object of the invention is to provide a device for locking explosion products in wells with explosive to simplify its installation in the well and, as a result, expanding the possibilities of its use and increasing the volume of its use.

The problem is solved in that the device uses an elastic tank with an inertial body of movable material placed in it. The container is sealed, contains two or more volumetric elements filled with chemical gas-forming reagents, and the volumetric elements are divided between themselves and the capacity of the destructible partition, or valve device, or a device for the controlled movement of reagents and chemical reaction products between the reagents.

For best results:

- in the device, as one volumetric element, an elastic container can be used, and of the second or more elements additional containers located inside the elastic container;

- volumetric elements can be formed by compressing and fixing the walls of the elastic container with fixing devices;

- volumetric elements can be formed by membranes or internal surfaces of the elastic container and membranes connected to the internal surfaces of the walls of the elastic container;

- elastic capacity can be made elongated;

- the elastic container from one end or both ends is made with a decreasing cross section as it approaches the end;

- elastic capacity can be performed axisymmetrically;

- elastic capacity can be performed axisymmetric;

- a chemical reagent can be used as an inertial substance;

- the inertial substance may be a granular substance;

- the inertial substance may be a liquid;

- as an inertial substance, a mixture of liquid and granular substance can be used;

- the inertial substance can be located adjacent to one end of the elastic container;

- the inertial substance can be located directly in the elastic container;

- the inertial substance may be located in the intermediate shell;

- the device may further comprise an elastic and / or tearing case located on an elastic container.

The effectiveness of the use of the inventive device when it is used for jamming explosive charges is based on a sharp decrease or complete elimination of the consumption of drilling material and the simplicity of installing the devices in the well. This is due to the presence and shape of the inertial body of the movable material located on the side of the lockable explosive charge, as well as the simplicity of placing this inertia at any distance from the lockable explosive charge.

The same features of the device determine its high efficiency and when using it to form gaps between two parts of the charge.

4. Brief Description of the Drawings

Presented graphic materials depict one of the possible variants of a device for locking explosion products.

5. The implementation of the invention

The proposed design of the device for locking the products of the explosion for its implementation as a stemming downhole charge is an example of its best implementation, but does not exhaust all possible varieties of its practical implementation.

The device contains an elastic sealed container 1, an inertial body 2 made of a moving substance, volumetric elements 3 and 4, chemical gas generating agents 5 and 6, destructible partitions 7 and 8, sections 9 and 10 of the destruction of partitions, an additional inertial substance or explosive 11, a lockable charge explosive 12, halyard 13.

The device operates as follows.

After activating the device by providing movement and connection of chemicals 5 and 6, a chemical reaction begins with the release of one or more gaseous substances. In this case, activation is possible by affecting the destructible partitions 7 and 8, or valve devices, or devices for the controlled movement of reagents. In all cases, this effect is carried out without depressurization of the elastic tank 1. Immediately after activation, the device is installed on the project site of the well (for example, using a file 13). In this case, a cover (not shown), selected according to the size of the cross section less than the cross section of the well, delays the increase (under the influence of the generated gases) of the geometric parameters of the elastic tank 1, ensuring unhindered placement of the device in the well.

If necessary, after fixing the device on the walls of the well, an additional inertial substance 11, or an inertial breakdown material, or explosive is placed on it with any complicated charge structures.

The inertial body 2 of the device, located in the direction of the lockable charge, is a reflective element. In the process of restraining the flow of detonation products, along with the shock-inertial mechanism of action of this body on detonation products, the effect of a relatively slowly increasing inhibitory resistance of compressible gases generated in the device by a chemical reaction between the reactants can occur. This increases the impact time of the explosion on the rock mass. Moreover, in the process of impact of detonation products on the inertial body 2, a system of reflected waves develops in the detonation products, providing a pulsating load, while also increasing the efficiency of the effect of the explosion on the rock mass. The decreasing cross section of the elastic tank 1 with the inertial body 2, directed towards the lockable charge, complicates the system of reflected waves, forming additional transverse waves and thereby further changing the loading pattern of the rock mass.

In the case of an asymmetric, wedge-shaped container, shown in the drawing, in addition to the above, a wedge constipation is formed, the adhesion value of which to the walls of the well increases with increasing pressure of the detonation products of the locked charge.

In the case of performing an elastic container 1 with a similar wedge constriction at the other end and placing additional inertial material 11 in the zone of this constriction, an additional wedge constipation is formed already from the inertial material, which sharply increases the efficiency of locking products of explosive charge explosion.

In the case of using such a device with one or two wedge constrictions at the ends to form gaps between the parts of the charges, they complicate the formed wave system, increasing the efficiency of the effect of the charge on the rock mass.

In the process of trial operation during the explosive crushing of overburden on a coal mine, the high efficiency of the use of the inventive device is established, which is expressed in saving 10-15% of explosive while maintaining or increasing the intensity of rock destruction.

Information sources

1. Drukovany M.F. Explosion control methods in quarries. M .: Subsoil. 1973, p. 416.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1464032, MKI F 42 D 1/08. Cork for wells. Yu.V. Gribkov and L.M. Zabolotny. Published March 7, 89. Bulletin No. 9.

Claims (16)

1. A device for locking explosion products, comprising an elastic container with an inertial body made of a moving substance, characterized in that the container is sealed, contains at least two volumetric elements filled with chemical gas-forming reagents, volumetric elements are separated from each other and the container is destroyed by a partition or a valve device, or a device for controlled movement of reactants and chemical reaction products between reactants. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic container is used as one volume element, and additional containers located inside the elastic container are used for the second or more elements. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the volumetric elements are formed by clamping and fixing the walls of the elastic container with fixing devices. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the volumetric elements are formed by the membranes or the inner surfaces of the elastic container and the membranes connected to the internal surfaces of the elastic container. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic container is made elongated. 6. The device according to any one of claims 1 or 5, characterized in that the elastic container from one end or both ends is made with a decreasing cross section as it approaches the end. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic container is made axisymmetric. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic container is axisymmetric. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a chemical reagent is used as an inertial substance. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial substance is a granular substance. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial substance is a liquid. 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that as an inertial substance, a mixture of liquid and granular substance is used. 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial substance is located adjacent to one end of the elastic container. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial substance is located directly in the elastic container. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial substance is located in the intermediate shell. 16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an elastic and / or tearing case located on an elastic container.