RU2284966C2 - Method of production of the drinking water by the cold desalination of the highly mineralized water solutions and the device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: methods and devices of production of the drinking water by the cold desalination of the highly mineralized water solutions.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the technique of production of the drinking water by the cold desalination of the highly mineralized mainly seawater. The method includes the multiple fractional ozonation of the incoming water by the small portions of ozone or the ozone-containing mixture in the pulsing electromagnetic fields with the nanosecond fronts. The device is made in the form of the four basic units, in the first of which in the exciter and the ozonizer the homogeneous gas-steam mixture is formed. In the second unit the water solution is treated in the hydrodynamic cavitator and the flotator. The filtration is conducted in the third unit with production of the industrial water. The industrial water is exposed to the fine purification in the fourth unit in the ultracentrifuge with the strong electric field and in the separators. The device contains the additional fifth unit - the water ionizer and in the sixth - the distiller. The technical result of the invention consists in reduction of the power consumptions at the high efficiency.

EFFECT: the invention ensures reduction of the power consumptions at the high efficiency.

9 cl, 1 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to techniques for water treatment, and in particular to a technology for producing drinking water from bitterly saline highly saline aqueous solutions, in particular from sea water. The proposed technology of cold desalination is designed to produce drinking water, including with the properties of medicinal or melt water. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to obtain drinking water with an increased concentration of oxygen dissolved in it with a neutral hydrogen number (pH in the range of 6.9-7.2) and with an ion number M <0.4.

Known technology for desalination of sea water, based on the principles of reverse osmosis or electrodialysis, allowing to obtain water, the composition of which meets the technical. (G.N.Nikoladze. Water Treatment Systems, M., Higher School, 1997, p. 137).

The disadvantages of these technologies include the possibility of obtaining only industrial water, which requires subsequent cleaning and disinfection, the need for high-pressure pumps of high power, which leads to high energy costs, the mandatory presence of brine removal systems and its subsequent processing on special equipment or the return of the brine to the process, which leads to a decrease in the performance of desalination plants.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the electric discharge technology for water purification and disinfection adopted as a prototype, where a quasi-volume discharge in a water-air medium is used as an instrument (N.A. Yavorsky et al. Water purification using electric discharge treatment. - Water supply and sanitary equipment, 2000 city, No. 5, pp. 12-14).

The method comprises ozonation and hydromechanical cavitation of highly mineralized source water until a homogeneous two-phase state is obtained with equalization of hydrodynamic parameters, exposure to electromagnetic fields and exposure to ultraviolet light, which ensures its disinfection, operations of foam removal, filtering of impurities, gravity separation with separate selection of purified water and brine.

The disadvantage of this method is the need for high energy costs associated with the need for a large flow of aerodynamic flows to the treated water. The process proceeds at elevated temperature and pressure.

The known method is implemented in a water treatment plant, the main components of which are a column complete with an ozonizer and a power source, a reactor tank, transfer pumps, filters, a filter washing pump, an automation unit, instrumentation. A countercurrent fan cooling tower is used as an aerator. The source water is sprayed by the ejector and flows down the aerator charge. Air is supplied by the fan towards the flow of water from the bottom up. The ozonizer is placed directly in the water-air flow and is made in the form of a gas discharge block providing a pulsed barrier discharge accompanied by UV radiation (description of the Impulse installation. N. Yavorsky et al. Water purification using electric discharge treatment. - Water supply and sanitary equipment, 2000, No. 5, pp. 12-14).

The known installation with large overall dimensions (aerator height is 3.5-4 m) does not provide sufficient performance, which is an order of magnitude lower than reverse osmosis units. In addition, to obtain a uniform flow in a typical fan cooling tower with three or more zones of air flow, the process is carried out at elevated temperature and pressure.

The objective of the present invention is to create a technology for producing drinking water by cold desalination of highly mineralized, for example, sea, water with any concentration (C _∑ ) of total salts (0.05 <C _∑ <150 g / l).

The technical result is the minimization of energy costs, the cheaper process, the possibility of giving drinking water healing properties and the creation of a device that implements a method that has high performance while reducing weight and size characteristics.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of producing drinking water by cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions, including the operation of ozonation of the source water (VI) to obtain a homogeneous two-phase state with equalization of hydrodynamic parameters, exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and irradiation in the ultraviolet spectrum, subsequent precipitation of salts, gravity separation with separate selection of purified water and brine, the source water is exposed to pulsed ektromagnitnymi fields multiple times with nanosecond duration. The primary effect is carried out by pulsed electromagnetic fields with independent adjustable amplitudes of voltage and current pulses with nanosecond fronts depending on the concentration of total salts. Ozonation is carried out by fractional multiple batch exposure to an ozone-oxygen and / or ozone-air mixture simultaneously with hydromechanical cavitation, electro-hydraulic shock and selection of the released salts, splitting of water at the resonant frequency of intermolecular bonds, followed by centrifugation in an ionizing pulse-frequency electromagnetic field with a voltage of at least 20 cm / cm2 , with the re-formation of aerosols and their separation in electrostatic fields of constant and variable field strength, with yes neyshim separation and collecting purified water with desired properties and precipitation of salts, wherein the process takes place at normal temperature. In this case, the electromagnetic action is carried out by applying a constant and alternating current with a field strength of 2.5-3 kV / cm with the adjustment of the resulting microwave field. In addition, the resonance frequency of the molecular bond for the source water with a salt content of 0.3-5 g / l is 3.5-8.5 kHz, with a concentration of 5 to 35 g / l - from 10 to 38 kHz. When the concentration of total salts in the source water is from 0.3 to 5 g / l, the level of the resulting field is 12-16 kV / cm, and at a concentration of 5 to 35 g / l, the field strength is 20.5-21.5 kV / cm . In this case, during the repeated formation of aerosols, the amplitude of current pulses is not less than 1.2 kA, at a salt concentration of 0.3 to 5 g / l and 15 kA, at a salt concentration of 5 to 35 g / l. With the repeated formation of aerosols in the flow, electro-hydraulic shock is applied to the hydromechanical cavitation with a synchronous application of a rotating magnetic field with magnetic induction amplitudes of at least 1.4 T at a salt concentration of 0.3-5 g / l to 3.7 T at a salt concentration of 5-35 g / l In addition, at a salt concentration of up to 150 g / l, the source water is diluted with distilled water before treatment to a concentration of not more than 50 g / l.

The technical result when creating a device for implementing the proposed method is achieved by the fact that the installation for cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions containing an ozonation device, power sources, sources of ozone-containing gas, transfer pumps and filters, is made in the form of four main blocks installed in series with the stream the treated water: the block of excitation of the source water in electromagnetic fields with superposition of microwave fields containing the pathogen with the system of ele trodes and an inkjet apparatus, an ozonation and industrial water production unit, consisting of a hydromechanical cavitator with an electrodynamic flotator, a drinking water production unit, consisting of sequentially installed multi-row and molecular magnetic filters and a gravity separator, an electrohydrodynamic atomizer-separator unit, consisting of a centrifuge placed in an electromagnetic field with a voltage of 20.5 - 21.5 kV / cm and from at least two electrostatic separators. In addition, the installation contains an additional unit for producing medical and drinking water of high quality, made in the form of a typical liquid ionizer and a unit for producing distillate. The novelty of the proposed method is that the source water is repeatedly ozonized with small doses of an ozone-oxygen mixture, which is ensured by exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields with nanosecond duration. Thus, the activation of the source water in pulsed electromagnetic fields with independent adjustable amplitudes of voltage and current pulses with nanosecond fronts provides a sharp weakening of molecular bonds, which allows for finer dispersion. Under the influence of an electromagnetic field, dipoles acquire a certain orientation, which allows one to divide the solution (classify) into separate streams of the same type components with the same charge. The decrease in intermolecular attraction forces makes it possible to disperse the liquid at the molecular level. Provides activation of the liquid, fine dispersion and long-term safety in a two-phase state. The selected parameters of the effect on water are confirmed experimentally and are in good agreement with theoretical studies (Letnikov NI RT activation of water. - M .: Nauka, 1980, p. 67-69, 91-94).

The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of a water treatment plant.

The installation is made in the form of five main blocks connected in series through the flow of treated water: block I, designed to excite the source water (VI) in electromagnetic fields with a superimposed microwave field, block II - ozonation of the IV, block III of filtering and obtaining technical water, block IV - systems of fine purification, classification and separation, obtaining drinking water and additional blocks V - receiving medical and drinking water of high quality (oxi-water) and VI - distiller, which is included in the process only in the case when the total concentration of salts in the source water exceeds 50 g / l.

Block I consists of a pathogen 1, made in the form of a capacitance, for example, in the form of a pipe made of dielectric or metal plastic with built-in electrodes, two pairs of which form mutually perpendicular constant and alternating electromagnetic fields. The capacitance is located inside the solenoid connected to the high-voltage pulse current generator 2, for example, GIT-25-10 - capacitive current generator - capacitive storage with a shock capacitance of 1 μF with an energy of 1 J. This unit contains the second main element - an ozonizer in the form of a typical ozone generator connected to a jet apparatus with an ejector 3 connected to a pulsed power source, for example, a cable generator of pulsed voltage GIAN. An additional ejector 4 for supplying distilled water is also installed here.

Block II consists of a low-power pump 5, which supplies water to the hydromechanical cavitator 6, and a flotator 7.

Block III contains a typical multi-row filter and / or a number of filters 8 and 9, allowing to separate particles and organics from the stream. At the outlet of this block, storage tanks 10 are located for collecting sludge and for purified water 11, which has technical properties.

Block IV consists of a centrifuge 12, a classifier 13 with an electrostatic field of variable strength and a separator 14 with an electrostatic field of at least 2 kV / cm and a storage tank 15 for water with a drinking characteristic in accordance with GOST 2874-82.

Block V is an ionizer for dividing drinking water by the hydrogen number into a medical and medical one, for example, a medical ionizer for processing tap water into IVTI-12 oxi-water.

Block VI - distiller.

The production of drinking water by cold desalination is implemented in the installation as follows.

The source water in the pathogen 1 is exposed to electromagnetic fields, which are an alternative to powerful ultrasound, but with a significantly higher efficiency due to a possible change in the frequency and amplitude of the acoustic waves by selecting the ratios of the electrostatic field with adjustable electromagnetic and microwave fields with total energy consumption of an order of magnitude smaller than when using ultrasound directly (see Hart E. Electrophysical and hydrodynamic properties of powerful electric discharges in water e. - M .: Atomizdat, 1978, p.112).

As a result of such a combination of fields, transverse and longitudinal acoustic waves are generated in the working volume of the pathogen 1, the amplitudes and frequencies of which are regulated using high-voltage sources 2, which allows the oscillatory processes of the source water clusters to be partially destroyed.

It was experimentally established that the optimal processing parameters correspond to the field values:

- for the electrostatic field of direct current, the working voltage is ≈2.5 kV / cm, the same intensity for the electromagnetic field of alternating current with a frequency range of 400-1500 Hz, which are provided by typical sources.

- the microwave field strength was determined by the voltage level at the output of the pulsed current generator and, depending on the salt concentration in the power supply, ranged from 12-16 kV to 20.5-21.5 kV with current pulse amplitudes in the range 1.2-15 kA.

In the pathogen 1, the IV is converted into a two-phase state at high flow velocities (10–20 m / s), which enters the jet apparatus 3, where salts are ozonolized and the oxygen concentration dissolved in the IV is increased by supplying an ozone-oxygen mixture from ozonizer 4. At the output from block I, the working medium is a disinfected homogeneous vapor-gas mixture, from which salts of iron and calcium, as well as a number of sulfides and nitrites, are partially removed. Their removal is carried out by standard methods, for example, by passing through a multi-row filter of a granular type or in countercurrent through porous membranes of a dielectric or metal type.

To equalize the hydrodynamic pressures and velocities of the mixture with a typical low-power water pump 5 (we used RT-8 and R-60 pumps), the working medium is supplied to the hydromechanical cavitator 6, where it undergoes a powerful total hydraulic shock with the application of an electric nanosecond discharge in water and additional ozonation for maintaining the concentration of dissolved oxygen not lower than 20 mg / l. To do this, a high pulse voltage of a magnitude equal to the breakdown critical section of the cavitator is applied to a standard hydromechanical cavitator (for example, Zhukovsky or L. Sedogo cavitator). In this case, the input flow rate of the working medium is maintained at about 10 m / s for water with a content of 0.3 to 5 g / l and about 20 m / s with a salt content of 5 to 35 g / l. With an electrical breakdown in the critical section of the cavitator, the ozonation is carried out simultaneously with the appearance of the shock wave due to the pressure drop.

A homogeneous vapor-gas mixture is formed in the cavitation zone, which is fed to the input of the electrohydrodynamic flotator 7. The flotator is a cylindrical housing in which arresters filled with water are placed connected to pulsed current sources. In the simplest case, a labyrinth-shaker was used, which is a standard element of the pulse technique for any liquid (for example, see Vovk I.T. New in the theory and practice of the electro-hydraulic effect. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1982, p. 184) .

When the arresters are triggered, longitudinal-transverse waves appear in the flotator, transmitting acoustic stresses to the transported stream. These waves inhibit the deposition of salts and regulate the exposure of the flow transport at the exit of the flotator. Due to the total processes of ozonolysis, hydroblow of acoustic waves and radiation, the working mixture at the output of the flotator contains destroyed clusters of an aqueous solution, hydroxides coagulated in particles, metal salts of Fe, Mn, Mg and Ca, and organic matter. The composition depends on the composition of the total salts of VI.

The aqueous solution thus obtained is fed to filtration unit III — to a typical multi-row filter or to a series of filters 8, for example, a standard series of porous cermet filters or standard membrane filters 9. The presence of excess ozone and active oxygen dissolved in it ensures the regeneration of the absorption properties of cermet and membranes, which eliminates the use of chemicals or periodic replacement of filters.

The resulting precipitate, consisting of organic compounds and inorganics, is extracted separately or together in a tank 10 and can be used for further processing: obtaining sea salt of a given composition, extracting organics to produce biohumus, etc.

At the output of block III in the collection 11, water is obtained that meets the requirements of industrial water for industrial use.

Drinking water is obtained by technical treatment in fine purification unit IV, where it is pumped to a centrifuge 12, and then to a classifier system 13 with an electrostatic field of variable intensity and a separator 14 with a voltage of 2 kV / cm, forming at least two electrostatic fields. The processing feature in this unit is that the centrifuge is placed in an electromagnetic field with an intensity of more than 20.5 kV / cm. This is achieved by the fact that an ultracentrifuge, for example a disk with a speed of 3000 rpm and a diameter of 120 mm, is placed in the field of a high-voltage electrode, to which a current pulse of 1.2 kA is applied. A unipolar corona discharge in the form of a torch appears inside the stream. At the same time, mass separation (classification) occurs in the stream, droplets are charged according to dielectric properties and electrical conductivity, as a result of which three or more streams are formed: pure water, industrial water that has not had time to completely transform, and sediment. This separation occurs in the electrostatic classifier 13 and separator 14 connected to the same high-voltage source as the centrifuge 12. To increase oxygen solubility and intensify ozonolysis, the ozone-oxygen mixture from the GO ozonizer is additionally fed to the centrifuge.

At the output of block IV, we obtain drinking water in accordance with San Pin 2002, which accumulates in tank 15 and then enters the distribution network of drinking water.

The precipitate from the classifier 13 is sent to the storage tank 10.

If desired, receive water with medicinal properties, drinking water from block IV is supplied to block V, for example, to a medical ionizer, in which the required concentration of dissolved oxygen With _O2 > 20 mg / l is achieved and a neutral pH of 6 (6.9≤rN≤7 is maintained ,one).

If it is necessary to desalinate the source water with a salt content of up to 150 mg / L, distilled water from block VI, for example, a chemotronic plasmatron (RF patent 2171863), is supplied to block I to the ozonation stage, in an amount of no more than 10%, reducing the total salt concentration to 30 -50 g / l All processes occur at normal temperature (20 ° C) and without the use of chemicals.

The performance characteristics of the proposed method were obtained experimentally on the constructed full-scale pilot plant with a capacity of 6 l / min. The dimensions of the installation are 2000 × 1400 × 1120 mm ³ , which distinguishes it from the prototype, and the power consumption is only 8 W · h / m ³ (installed power 1.2 kW), which distinguishes it from the prototype (50 W · h / m ³ ).

The objective achievement of the technical result is confirmed by comparative studies of the parameters of drinking water obtained by known and proposed methods, which is confirmed by the following data.

Tables 1, 2 show the data of a comparative analysis of the ionic composition and parameters of drinking water obtained by the proposed method and drinking water obtained by desalination of sea water by the reverse osmosis method (according to Beigelbrud G.M., Gablenko V.G. Technology for producing drinking water from marine Dubna, Perspective, 2001, p.67) and the proposed method on a pilot plant.

Table 1 The ionic composition of drinking water [mg × l ^-1 ] No. p / p Water Composition Elements Source sea water Reverse Osmosis Method [5] According to the proposed method single stage two stage one Ca ²⁺ 12 6.2 2.1 2.75 2 Mg ²⁺ 27 5.1 3.2 3.24 3 Na ⁺ 151 68 54 27.5 four Cl ^- 350 170 91.4 42.8 5 SO ₄ ^2- 169 124 82.3 65 6 NSO ₃ ^- 24 21.5 8.7 6.9 7 Hardness mEq × L ^-1 0.7 0.46 0.38 0.4 8 Total carbonate concentration 1.76 0.8 0.1 0.08 9 Total mineralization, M ₁ 787 623 145 120 10 Dry residue 568 500 132 127 eleven NH ₄ ⁺ 1,2 0.7 0.5 0.45 12 PH 8.2 7.1 6.65 6.9 table 2 Characteristic parameters of the studied waters No. p / p Indicator Units rev. VI, source water Reverse Osmosis [5] According to the proposed method one Chlorine % 22.6 9.5 4.7 2 The total salt content, C _∑ g / l 37.1 3.9 1.27 3 The concentration of dissolved oxygen, With _O2 mg / l 4.39 5.1 7.9-11.0 four Hydrogen number, pH pH unit 8.2 7.3 7.1 5 Phosphates mcg / l 22 22 fourteen 6 Nitrite mcg / l 34 27 137.4-17.9 7 Nitrates mcg / l 72 64 38 8 Ammonia, NH ₃ mcg / l 850 175 82 9 Carbon dioxide, CO ₂ % 0.45 0.4 0.2 10 Iodine (I) mg / l 1,1 1,1 0.06 eleven Silver mg / l 0.005 0.005 0.003 12 Alkalinity mEq / L 3,1 2,4 2 13 Alkalinity to chlorine ratio ALK / St × 10 ³ 325 118 160 fourteen Carbon dioxide g mol / l × 10 ^-6 22.57 13.5 10,2 fifteen Partial pressure, CO ₂ pCO ₂ × 10 ^-5 MPa 7.6 5.7 3.2 16 COD mg / l 19.56 9.8 2.1 17 DBK mg / l 6 4.2 0.6 eighteen Bicarbonate g-ion / l × 10 ^-3 2.2 1.4 1.3 19 Carbonates g-ion / l × 10 ^-3 0.19 0.1 0.06 twenty Atrazine mcg / l 0.27 0.2 0.01 21 Simazin mcg (l) 0.2 0.1 - 22 Comprehensive toxicity score for SUM trihalemethanes units 0.5 0.5 traces 23 Thermo-tolerant coli bacteria CFU / 100 ml up to 120 one hundred lack of 300 24 Glucose-positive coli bacteria CFU / 100 ml up to 40 25 in 300 are absent 25 Clostridium multifread spores CFU / 100 ml up to 100 65 absence at 20 26 Coliphages PFU / 100 ml up to 1000 cells 500 cells are absent 27 Oscists cryptospores qty / 50 l to 10 to 10 are absent 28 Giardia cysts qty / 50 l up to 20 up to 15 are absent 29th Helminth eggs qty / 50 l to 10 there is are absent thirty Total bacteria CFU / 100 ml up to 100 up to 50 less than 5-10 in 1000 ml

The effectiveness of the proposed method of cold desalination of sea water is confirmed by comparing the composition of drinking water in Moscow that meets GOST-2874-84 and obtained by the proposed technology in a pilot plant (water with a total salt content of 87 g / l was used as sea water).

Table 3 Regulatory analysis of drinking water No. p / p Item name Dimension, unit rev. Drinking water, Moscow The composition of the proposed method one Ammonium - ion mg / dm ³ 0.23 0.05 2 Nitrates mg / dm ³ 3.2 1.4 3 Nitrite mg / dm ³ 0.06 1.7 four PH number units rN 7.4 7.1 5 Permanganate oxidizability mgo / dm ³ 4,5 7.9-11.0 6 Iron is common mg / dm ³ 0.05 0.3 7 Iron (III) mg / dm ³ <0.1 0,07 8 Total hardness m mol / dm ³ 6.7 3,7 9 Cadmium mg / dm ³ <0.01 track 10 Calcium mg / dm ³ 48 28 eleven Magnesium mg / dm ³ 12,4 5,4 12 Manganese mg / dm ³ 0,045 0.05 13 Copper mg / dm ³ 0.009 one fourteen Oil products mg / dm ³ 0.04 no fifteen Nickel mg / dm ³ 0,07 0.02 16 Lead mg / dm ³ <0.001 0.01 17 Sulphates mg / dm ³ 12.6 fifteen eighteen Dry residue mg / dm ³ 266 140 19 Phenols mg / dm ³ 1.68 0.58 twenty Phosphates mg / dm ³ 0.06 0,035 21 Fluorides mg / dm ³ 0.6 0.4 22 Chlorides mg / dm ³ 17.6 0.15 23 Common chrome mg / dm ³ <0.01 0.05 24 Zinc mg / dm ³ 0.6 0.3 25 Alkalinity m mol / dm ³ 2,5 1.75

Thus, a method is proposed that represents a new technological process of cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions, the effectiveness of which is due to the presence and sequence of operations, nanosecond pulsed exposure to electromagnetic fields, the ability to desalinate water with any salt content. The installation that implements this method can minimize energy costs, has significantly lower weight and size characteristics with high performance, does not need to be attended by maintenance personnel. The indisputable advantage of the installation is the possibility of its creation using standard devices currently used in other areas of technology.

Claims (9)

1. A method of producing drinking water by cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions, including the operation of ozonizing the source water to obtain a homogeneous two-phase state with equalizing hydrodynamic parameters, exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and irradiation in the ultraviolet spectrum, subsequent salt deposition, gravity separation with separate selection of purified water and brine, characterized in that the source water is exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields shortly with a nanosecond duration, the primary effect is carried out by pulsed electromagnetic fields with independently adjustable amplitudes of voltage and current pulses depending on the concentration of total salts, with nanosecond fronts, ozonation is carried out by fractional multiple portioned exposure to an ozone-oxygen and / or ozone-air mixture, simultaneous with hydromechanical cavitation and electro-hydraulic and selection of the released salts, splitting of water at the resonant frequency of the inter ocular bonds followed by centrifugation in an ionizing pulse-frequency electromagnetic field with a voltage of at least 20.5 kV / cm, with the repeated formation of aerosols and their separation in electrostatic fields of constant and variable intensity, further separation and selection of purified water with desired properties and precipitation of salts, the process occurs at normal temperature. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic effect is applied by applying a constant and alternating current with a field strength of 2.5-3 kV / cm with adjustment of the resulting microwave field, the pulse frequency of which is determined by the concentration of total salts in the source water. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the resonant frequency of intermolecular bonds for the source water with a salt content of 0.3 to 5 g / l is 3.5-8.5 kHz, and at a concentration of 5 to 35 g / l - from 10 to 38 kHz. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the concentration of total salts in the source water is from 0.3 to 5 g / l, the intensity of the resulting field is 12-16 kV / cm, and when the concentration is from 5 to 35 g / l fields of 20.5-21.5 kV / cm, with the repeated formation of aerosols, the amplitude of the current pulses is not less than 1.2 kA at a concentration of 0.3 to 5 g / l and 15 kA at a concentration of 5 to 35 g / l . 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the aerosols are re-formed, electro-hydraulic shock is applied to the hydromechanical cavitation with a synchronous application of a rotating magnetic field with amplitudes of 1.4 T or more at a salt concentration of 0.3-5 g / l and 3.7 T at a salt concentration of 5-35 g / l. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at a salt concentration of up to 150 g / l, the source water is diluted with distilled water before treatment to a salt concentration of 50 g / l. 7. Installation for cold desalination of highly mineralized aqueous solutions containing an ozonation device, power supplies, transfer pumps and sources of ozone-containing gas, characterized in that it is made in the form of four main series-connected blocks: the source of water in electromagnetic fields with superimposed microwave fields containing a pathogen with a system of electrodes and a jet apparatus, an ozonation block consisting of a hydromechanical cavitator and electrodynamically of the skimmer, the infiltration block composed of sequentially installed mnogoryadovogo and molecular magnetic filter, fine filter unit consisting of a centrifuge, as set out in the electromagnetic field strength is not less than 20.5 kW and at least two electrostatic separators. 8. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that it contains an additional unit for the production of medical and drinking water, made in the form of an ionizer. 9. Installation according to claim 7, characterized in that it contains an additional unit for producing distillate.