RU2284542C2 - Method of locating movable object in closed rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: position-fixing by coordinating two or more distance determinations.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises securing the electronic identifiers to the movable object and setting the readers on the members of the structure of the room. When the movable object approaches the reader, its code is red, and the code together with the code of the reader is transmitted to the computer through the controller of the local net. The location of the readers is defined by a constant-mesh grid applied on the room plane.

EFFECT: enhanced accuracy of locating.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to automation and computer technology and can be used in the construction of automated warehouse management systems, namely to facilitate the search for goods, in the search systems for miners in mines after accidents, tracking personnel movements around the territory of protected and important objects.

State of the art

A known system for determining the coordinates of objects containing an antenna and a receiver of satellite navigation signals associated with an onboard computer (Radio data transmission system, utility model certificate RU No. 30045 U1, application No. 2002128223/20 of 23.10.02, MKI 7 H 04 B 3/00, G 06 F 13/00, authors: V.P. Paygin, Yu.P. Kireev, etc.).

A disadvantage of the known analog system is the inability to determine the coordinates of a moving object when it is indoors: in a warehouse, in a hangar, in a tunnel. This is due to the fact that satellite navigation signals transmitted by GPS (Global Positioning System) satellites are not received by the satellite antenna due to the shielding properties of walls, roofs of buildings, and the thickness of the earth.

There is a known method of identifying an object in which identifiers are located in people (moving objects), one reader is built into the lock (reading point), the reader contains a local area network controller connected to a central computer (B. Malosevich. Contactless identification. - J. "CHIP NEWS" . - 2000. No. 8 (51), pp. 25-30).

This article describes the principle of operation of contactless radio frequency identifiers.

Electronic tags (identifiers) are made on the basis of open-frame integrated circuits made by CMOS technology. Such a microcircuit has a permanent storage device (memory) or a reprogrammable memory in which the identification number of the object and its other characteristics are recorded. Radio frequency identifiers are produced by Angstrem OJSC in Zelenograd. Microcircuits together with the transmitting and receiving antenna can be installed in various cases in the form of a plastic card, key fob, keyfob, disk, tablet label. The case design is determined by the purpose of the radio frequency identifier.

Plastic cards are produced for making passes in authorized access systems, tags for stickers on products in supermarkets and warehouses, key fobs for identifying keys or other valuable items, tokens for covert installation in products, tablet labels for covert installation in products. Tokens and tags can be installed covertly in concrete or painted over in the product, which makes it difficult to remove them to depersonalize the product.

For remote reading of RFIDs, RFID readers are used. The reader performs the following functions:

- emits an unmodulated signal at a given frequency (125 kHz or 13.56 MHz);

- thereby supplies the integrated circuits (ICs) of the identifier with electrical power;

- thereby stimulates the IC to the formation of the response package recorded in her identification code in the form of a modulated amplitude of the radio signal;

- receives a radio signal, remembers an identifying code and has the ability to rewrite this code into a controller or electronic computer (computer) identification system;

- notifies the operator through a light indication and an audio signal about the recording of the response message.

Readers through a cable are connected to portable and stationary terminals.

The disadvantage of this method of determining the coordinates is that the location coordinate of the reader is determined. For example, when entering a protected area, an employee places his pass in the reader, the reader reads the pass code, sends it over the local network to the central computer, where this code is checked to restrict access to this room. The computer sends a door lock unlock code. In this case, the computer records the time, employee code, room number in which the employee is located in the database. In other words, the coordinates of the employee (as an object) are determined accurate to the size of the room, enterprise. Another drawback is the need for a person to interact with the radio frequency identifier with the reader by manually entering a pass (card) with the built-in radio frequency identifier in the reader.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention (prototype) is a method of identifying an object in which radio-frequency identifiers are installed on the sides of moving objects (cars or containers), the reader is installed on the border of the railway station near the railway tracks (reading point) and contains a local controller networks connected to the central computer (automatic identification system for containers and vehicles "PALMA". - TsNIRT advertising brochure And, Moscow).

The advantage of this method is the remote reading of information by the reader from the radio frequency identifier. The reading distance is 13 m with a power source as part of the radio frequency identifier and 5 m without a power source. The disadvantage of the known prototype method is that it is aimed at identifying (determining the number and accessory) of railway cars, containers, automobile transport and determines the identification point without determining the reader installation coordinates, i.e. the accuracy of the coordinates of the object (car) is equal to the size of the railway station itself and its entire area under the tracks (several km ² ).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The proposed method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces allows determining the position of a moving object with an accuracy equal to the difference between the coordinates of two adjacent readers or identifiers installed on building structural elements of an enclosed space (up to fractions of a meter).

In the known method, the identifiers are fixed on moving objects, one reader is fixed on the structural elements of the control point, the reader is connected to a local network controller, which is connected to a central computer.

The aim of this invention is to solve a new scientific and technical problem, namely, to determine the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces using radio frequency identifiers and to increase the accuracy of determining these coordinates to the distance between two adjacent fixed readers or radio frequency identifiers. To do this, in the premises (mines, warehouses), on the elements of building structures, the necessary number of readers or radio frequency identifiers is fixed, in which the position coordinates of these readers or radio frequency identifiers are entered (in the local coordinate system).

The method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces can be implemented in option 1 so that in the rooms (mines, warehouses), on the elements of building structures, the necessary number of readers is fixed, in which the position coordinates of these readers are entered (in the local coordinate system) each reader is connected to a local area network controller, which is connected to a central computer; in the process of moving a moving object, the readers interact remotely with a radio frequency identifier ikatorom mobile object obtained from the moving object code it is transmitted through the WLAN and the coordinates of the movable object code to the central computer.

The method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces can be implemented in option 2 so that in the rooms (mines, warehouses), on the elements of building structures, radio-frequency identifiers are fixed, in which the position coordinates codes of these radio-frequency identifiers are entered (in the local coordinate system), on a moving object (person, vehicle, cargo), a reader is fixed, which is connected to a radio modem, in the memory of which the code of the moving object is entered, in the process of moving under izhnogo object reader communicates remotely with radio frequency identifiers, received codes are position coordinates of the radio frequency identifiers, transmits via radio the coordinates and the code of the mobile unit to the central computer.

The problem of determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces and increasing the accuracy of determining these coordinates to the distance between two adjacent fixed readers or radio frequency identifiers has been solved without the use of a global satellite positioning system (GPS), which is widely used to determine the coordinates of the position of cars on highways and other Vehicle. Fixed a significant drawback of the GPS system - the inability to determine the coordinates of a moving object when it is indoors: in a warehouse, in a hangar, in a tunnel. This is due to the effect that satellite navigation signals transmitted by the system’s satellites are not received by the satellite antenna installed on the moving object, due to the shielding properties of the main walls, roofs of buildings, and the thickness of the earth.

To determine the coordinates of moving objects, it is proposed the use of radio frequency identifiers and readers, which are used to identify railway cars and containers. It is proposed that instead of a code number, write to a fixed reader or electronic identifier its coordinates inside the warehouse, mine, tunnel. It is proposed to write the code of the moving object into a reader or electronic identifier located on a moving object.

List of drawings

Figure 1 shows a system for implementing a method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces (option 1).

Figure 2 shows a system for implementing a method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces (option 2).

An example embodiment of the invention

In figures 1 and 2, identifier 1, reader 2, receiving controllers of interface 3, electronic computer 4, radio modem 5 are indicated.

The method of determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces is implemented as follows. A plan of a building, warehouse, or mine is being prepared (or taken). The distances according to this plan are measured between readers or radio frequency identifiers, which should serve as coordinate marks. For example, for a warehouse (hangar), in which there are no internal partitions, you can put a grid on the plan with a constant step between the cells. In the coordinate system of this plan, the coordinates of these cells are determined. In radio frequency identifiers or readers write the coordinates of the cells, identifiers are accordingly marked. Appropriate marking is made on the floor and holes are drilled into which the corresponding identifiers are laid, holes are concreted. You can pull the wire under the ceiling, on which to fix the identifiers. In the mine, identifiers or readers can be fixed with the corresponding step on the ceiling of the drift. The choice of installation option for readers or identifiers should be determined by the option of wired or wireless communication between the moving object and the computer, which is acceptable for this structure. So, in the mine it is more convenient to use wired communication, so it is more rational to install readers. In a large hangar, it is easier to organize radio communications, so it is more rational to install radio frequency identifiers. Readers combine a wired channel (for example, RS 485).

Figure 1 shows a variant 1 of the method, in which the code of a moving object (warehouse operator, forklift, miner) is recorded in the radio frequency identifier 1 and fixed accordingly on a person’s belt or on a loader. Readers 2 are installed stationary, connected by a wire channel, on the building structures of buildings and structures. Each reader contains a controller for the corresponding interface, and the memory contains the coordinates of the reader position in the local coordinate system of the building. The receiving controllers of interface 3 are installed in the computer 4. When identifier 1 moves around the room, it falls under the radiation of the nearest reader, thereby receiving energy for the response message. The identifier sends the recorded mobile code to the reader. The reader sends this code and the code of its position (coordinates) in the building (structure) via a wired interface to the computer. Information is processed, stored and displayed on the monitor together with the plan of the building (structure). Thus, the position of the moving object in an enclosed space is continuously monitored over time. Such information can be of particular importance during rescue operations in mines after explosions, as the position of each miner will be known at the time of the explosion with the accuracy of the installation of readers.

Figure 2 shows a variant 2 of the implementation of the method, in which the codes of their coordinates in the structure are recorded in the radio frequency identifiers 1 and fixed on building structures. In the memory of the reader 2 write the code of the moving object (warehouse operator, miner, important cargo, loader) and fix it, respectively, on the person’s belt, on the loader, on the load. The reader periodically emits an unmodulated signal at a given frequency (880-900 MHz) - thereby supplying the nearest radio frequency identifier 1 with electrical power.

Having received the energy, the radio-frequency identifier 1 forms a response package, recorded in its memory, the coordinate code of its position in the structure, in the form of a modulated radio signal amplitude. The reader 2 receives the radio signal, remembers the coordinate code and sends this code and the code of the moving object through the transmitting radio modem 5, the receiving radio modem 5 to the computer 4. The information is processed, stored and displayed on the monitor together with the plan of the building (structure). Thus, the position of the moving object in an enclosed space is continuously monitored over time.

Such information can be of particular importance for monitoring and recording the work of warehouse and arsenal personnel with secret and especially dangerous equipment, as the position of such equipment in the room will be monitored continuously.

Industrial applicability

The proposed method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces is industrially implemented in two versions, which allows for constant monitoring of moving objects in time over time, accelerates the search for miners after accidents in mines and streamlines the work of personnel in warehouses.

Claims (2)

1. A method for determining the coordinates of the position of a moving object in enclosed spaces using electronic identifiers and readers, according to which electronic identifiers are fixed on moving objects, and readers are fixed on structural elements of the room, when approaching a reader of a moving object from its electronic identifier, the code is read and together with the code of the reader is transmitted through the controller of the local area network to a computer, while the position of the readers is determined by a grid with a constant step, ennoy on the floor plan, code readers and coordinate their positions codes stored in the computer, which determines the coordinates of a moving object and display its location on the screen, together with the plan of the premises. 2. A method for determining the coordinates of the position of a movable object in enclosed spaces using electronic identifiers and readers, according to which the reader is fixed on the moving object, and electronic identifiers are fixed on the structural elements of the room, when approaching the electronic identifier of the moving object, the electronic identifier code is read by its reader and together with the code of the moving object is transmitted through the radio modem to the computer radio modem, while the position of the electronic identifiers in is determined by a grid with a constant step plotted on the floor plan, codes of electronic identifiers and coordinate codes of their position are stored in a computer, in which the coordinates of the moving object are determined and its position is displayed on the monitor together with the floor plan.

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