RU2284098C1 - Roll-type baler for bast-fiber crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for harvesting of fiber crops for forming and pressing of rolls from fiber strips.

SUBSTANCE: roll-type baler has frame, pickup device with drive, strip thickness controlling sensor and system for controlling hydraulic transmission of pressing unit drive. Strip thickness controlling sensor is mounted above pickup device and is connected through cable mechanism with system for controlling hydraulic transmission of pressing device drive positioned forward of reducer. Roll-type baler of such construction allows thickness of fiber strip to be regulated to desired size during transfer thereof from pickup device to feeding conveyor of baler and strip of uniform thickness to be formed.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and useful utilization of equipment.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used when harvesting bast crops, for example flax, for forming and pressing rolls from stem tapes.

Known round baler for flax containing a picking mechanism and a bale chamber mounted on a frame supported by wheels. When the machine is running, the picking mechanism picks up the tape from the stalks of flax and sends it to the bale chamber. In the pressing chamber, the roll is formed and pressed. After reaching the specified dimensions, the roll is tied with twine and thrown out of the bale chamber on the field [1].

A disadvantage of the known baler is that it does not eliminate the unevenness of the stem tape in thickness, wound into a roll. This disadvantage creates difficulties in the processing of rolls at flax plants and, as a result, leads to a decrease in the yield of long fiber.

A known bob baler is known consisting of a wheeled frame, a pick-up, a press chamber and a flap mounted above the pick, the flap on the side of the press chamber is provided with a laterally movable knocker, and above the baler in the zone of the knocker a clamping element is installed, while the clamping element is made in the form of a spring-loaded ski, and the knocker of the butt is in the form of a rotary flap [2].

During the work of the well-known baler, a stem tape selected from the field surface is wound into a roll without equalizing in thickness. This drawback complicates the process of processing rolls at the flax mill and, as a result, leads to a decrease in the yield of long fiber.

The prototype of the claimed device is a flax round baler containing a frame, a picking drum with a drive equipped with a detachable clutch, pressing belts, a two-speed gearbox equipped with a two-mode clutch, a mechanism for breaking and strapping the roll, transmission to working bodies [3].

A disadvantage of the known round baler is that during its operation, the roll is formed from a stem tape of not constant and insufficient thickness, selected from the field surface without alignment. The thickness of the tape from the stalks of flax laid on the surface of the field depends on the quality of sowing, productivity and the width of the grip of harvesting machines. In some places on the surface of the field there may be ruptures of the stem tape. This leads to increased consumption of twine, laid between the layers of stem tape in the roll. When processing rolls formed by a well-known baler at a flax mill, due to the unevenness of the tape in thickness, difficulties appear during their unwinding and there is a need to re-form the tape to give it a thickness that ensures rational use of flax mill equipment.

The invention is directed to the formation of rolls from stem tapes of a given thickness by changing to the thickness required for the thickness of the tape selected from the surface of the field at the moment of transition from the picking body to the feed conveyor of the pressing apparatus.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed roll baler of bast crops, containing a frame, a picking body with a drive, a pressing apparatus, a gearbox, a mechanism for strapping the roll, a transmission to the working bodies, according to the invention for forming rolls of stem tapes of a given thickness with a pressing drive the apparatus additionally contains a hydraulic transmission located in front of the gearbox, while a sensor for monitoring the thickness of the tape connected by ropes is installed above the picking body mechanism with the hydraulic transmission control system of the baling machine.

The regulation of the speed of winding the stem tape into the roll by the pressing apparatus, depending on its initial thickness, allows the thickness of the tape to be changed to the required dimensions.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the proposed roll baler of bast crops, and figure 2 is a kinematic diagram.

The bale crop baler designed for forming and pressing stems from stem tapes contains a frame 1, a picking body 2 with a drive 7, a sensor 3 for controlling the thickness of the tape and hydraulic transmission 11 of the pressing device 5 with a feed conveyor 6, a gearbox 10, a mechanism strapping 4.

The drive 7 of the selection body 2 consists of mechanical gears and is driven from the tractor power take-off shaft.

The drive of the pressing device 5 comprises a hydraulic gear 11, consisting of a hydraulic pump 12 with an adjustable fluid supply, driven by a tractor power take-off shaft by means of a mechanical gear 14, a hydraulic motor 8.

The sensor 3 control the thickness of the tape and control the hydraulic transmission 11 is located above the picking body 2 and is connected by a cable mechanism 13 to the control system for supplying fluid to the hydraulic pump 12.

Round baler bast crops works as follows.

When the unit moves with the technological process, the picking body 2, driven by the drive 7 and the drive shaft 15, picks up a tape from the stalks of flax from the field. The gauge 3 for controlling the thickness of the stem tape, connected by a cable mechanism 13 to the hydraulic transmission control system 11, gives a signal for the necessary supply of liquid to the hydraulic pump 12. From the hydraulic pump 12, the liquid under pressure enters the hydraulic motor 8, providing rotation of the hydraulic motor shaft with a given frequency. From the hydraulic motor 8 through the gearbox 10, the rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft 9 of the pressing apparatus 5. The smaller the thickness of the selected stem tape, the slower the shaft of the hydraulic motor 8 rotates and, accordingly, the lower the speed of winding the stem ribbon into the roll with the pressing apparatus 5. If there is no stem ribbon, the pressing apparatus 5 stops. Thus, due to the difference in the speeds of movement of the stem tape by the selecting body 2 and the feeding conveyor 6 of the pressing apparatus 5, the roll is formed from the stem tape of a given thickness. After reaching the specified roll sizes, the tractor is stopped, the working bodies of the press for twisting the roll with twine are scrolled, standing for which the hydraulic transmission of the pressing apparatus is controlled from the twine or machine wrapping mechanism manually from the tractor cab. Then, using the hydraulic system of the baler, the back valve of the baler is opened and the roll is thrown onto the field. After closing the back valve of the baler, the work continues in the same order until the next roll is wrapped.

Literature

1. Directory of flax farmer / M. M. Trush, I. P. Sergeev, A. N. Marchenko and others. Comp. M.M. Trush and F.M. Karpunin. - L .: Agropromizdat, Leningrad. Separation, 1985 .-- 240 p., Ill.

2. A.S. 1212358 USSR, cl. A 01 F 15/00, A 01 D 45/06. Round baler for bast crops / V. B. Kovalev and V. B. Melegov, No. 3788356 / 30-15, decl. 08/30/84, publ. 02/23/86. Bull. Number 7.

3. A.S. 1793849 USSR, cl. A 01 F 15/07. Flax round baler / VB Kovalev, VB Melegov and G. Sharafislamov, No. 4902101/15, decl. 11.11.90, publ. 02/07/93. Bull. Number 5

Claims (1)

A bale crop baler containing a frame, a picking body with a drive, a pressing device, a gearbox, a roll binding mechanism, a transmission to working bodies, characterized in that for forming rolls of stem tapes of a given thickness, the press machine drive further comprises a hydraulic gear located in front of the gearbox, at the same time a sensor for controlling the thickness of the tape is connected above the picking body, connected by a cable mechanism to the hydraulic transmission control system of the press apparatus.

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