RU2282584C1 - Personified grown jewelry diamond and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: jewelry industry, in particular, production of precious stone, more particular diamond which may be personified or identified with certain individual or animal.

SUBSTANCE: personified grown jewelry diamond comprises heavy metals Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi separated from hairs of certain individual or animal, with ratio of concentrations of said metals corresponding to that of said elements in hairs of the given individual or animal. Method involves processing hairs of certain individual or animal by mineralization of hairs at temperature below 550 C until complete decomposition of organic component; forming source for growing of diamond from spectrally pure graphite and hair processing product containing heavy metals Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi; growing diamond from melt by seed crystal recrystallization process; determining ratio of concentrations of these elements in grown diamond and comparing with their content in processing product. Jewelry diamond produced has microelements characteristic of certain individual or animal.

EFFECT: simplified method and improved quality of grown jewelry diamond.

3 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention is intended for use in the jewelry industry and is aimed at obtaining a personalized jewelry diamond, which can be correlated (identified) with a specific person or animal.

A gemstone is known, in particular a natural diamond, including material of human or animal origin and containing internal channels filled with substrates formed from the remains (ashes) of cremation of material of human or animal origin, while this structure is transparent and refracts light like a gemstone (WO 2004076058 A1, Galon Venora, Weisbrot Moti, 09/10/04). For this purpose, internal microchannels are created in a natural gem by laser drilling, which are filled with glassy substrates having a refractive index close to diamond and formed during crystallization from ashes of animal material mixed with lead oxide, sodium chloride and sodium bromide.

However, in this method, the crystal is used only as a capsule for the remains (ashes), as a result of drilling, the integrity of the gem is violated, although when filling the microchannels with a glassy substrate, the obtained crystal is visually indistinguishable from the whole. In addition, it is impossible to confirm the relationship of the formed glassy structure with a specific person or animal due to the lack of data on the chemical composition of the material used for forming the structure of human or animal origin.

Synthetic gemstones are known, in particular diamonds containing elements, namely carbon extracted from the remains of animal species, and methods for their preparation (US 2003017932 A1 VandenBiesen and etc., 01/23/03; US 2004031434 A1, Vanden Biesen and etc., 19.02 .04). So, in accordance with the application US 2003017932 when receiving precious stones, the remains of a person or animal are cremated at temperatures from 1000 to 1800 F (538-982 ° C), the carbon obtained is filtered, subjected to high-temperature vacuum cleaning with halogens and used for growing diamonds.

However, the approach to using the remains of a deceased person as a source for carbon extraction, used in the cultivation of diamond, requires great delicacy and is unacceptable for a number of cultures for ethical reasons. In addition, the cremation of the remains requires the inclusion in the technological cycle of additional links (crematoria in various regions, training of cremation operators, etc.), which leads to an increase in production time and a significant increase in the cost of the product. And most importantly, the resulting gem can be considered only in the aspect of the memory of the deceased, as a memorial object. For identification, each gemstone is laser-marked with a unique number on its face corresponding to the assigned remains of animal origin. Since all trace elements are removed during the high-temperature vacuum cleaning process, and the residues are considered only as a carbon source, it is impossible to identify the grown diamond with the remains of a specific person or animal by its chemical composition.

At present, in medicine and forensic science, a great deal of experience has been gained in identifying a certain person based on the characteristics of the chemical (macro- and microelement) hair composition. In particular, up to thirty chemical elements are determined by the methods of emission spectral analysis in the hair, while the individual characteristic of a particular person, as a rule, is a set of 10-15 heavy metals (see Yu.V. Pavlov, V.I. Alisevich, etc. Hair structure: chemical composition and anthropological differences. M., 1996, pp. 77-91, 103-105).

The objective of this invention is to create a personalized (diamond, persona and facio - person, person and facio - do, a special kind of metaphor: the transfer of human features (more broadly - the features of a living being) to inanimate objects and phenomena [TSB, 2001]) of jewelry diamond containing micronutrients specific to a particular person or animal, and evidence of compliance of the chemical composition of the grown diamond with the chemical composition of the hair of a specific person or animal.

The problem is solved in that the personified grown jewelry diamond contains heavy metals extracted from the hair of a certain person or animal: Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi, the concentration ratios of which correspond to the concentration ratios of these elements in the hair of a given person or animal.

A method of obtaining a personalized jewelry diamond includes treating the hair of a certain person or animal by mineralizing it at a temperature not exceeding 550 ° C until the organic component is completely decomposed, forming a source for diamond growth from spectrally pure graphite and a hair treatment product containing heavy metals: Sr, Cd , Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi, growing diamond from a melt by recrystallization to seed, determining the ratios of the concentrations of these elements in the grown diamond and comparing them with their content in Ducte hair treatment.

The main distinguishing feature of the invention from the well-known (US 2003017932, US 2004031434) is that they claimed synthetic gemstones, including diamonds, the material for which is carbon released from the biological elements of man, including and from hair (WO 20041055540, 12.19.04). In paragraph 1 of the claimed invention, a personified diamond does not contain carbon isolated from biological elements of a human or animal, since the latter is removed from the product in the form of CO and CO ₂ during hair processing at a temperature of ~ 500 ° C, while the set of heavy metals: Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi, which are part of the hair, is stored in the mineralization product. Thus, the elements isolated from the components of a particular individual (human or animal) and used in the preparation of diamond are different: in the known inventions, this is carbon, in the claimed - a mineralization product containing heavy metals.

The difference of the claimed invention is also that to prove the personification of diamond, the ratios of the concentrations of heavy metals: Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi in the grown diamond are determined and compared with their relative content in the hair heat treatment product. In known solutions, a diamond synthesized based on carbon of biological origin will contain a set of trace elements that does not correspond to the set characteristic of a particular person or animal, because most of the trace elements are removed from the source material (lost) in the process of its selection and preparation (purification, graphitization).

A complete set of impurity elements that can be defined in diamond also cannot serve as evidence of the correspondence of the grown diamond to a specific person or animal, since it includes impurity elements present in the charge material to details of the growth system, etc. Table 1 shows the content of impurities (C _x ) in the charge material: graphite + Invar (an alloy of nickel, iron and copper).

Table 1 Impurity Mg Al Si Sa Ti V Cr Mn With With _x ,% wt. 3 · 10 ^-5 3 · 10 ^-4 5 · 10 ^-3 1 · 10 ^-2 5 · 10 ^-2 4 · 10 ^-4 1 · 10 ^-1 2 · 10 ^-1 5 · 10 ^-4 Impurity Zn Sr Ag Cd Sn Wa Au Pb Bi With _x ,% wt. 3 · 10 ^-5 <3 · 10 ^-6 <6 · 10 ^-6 <1 · 10 ^-6 <1 · 10 ^-6 <4 · 10 ^-6 <1 · 10 ^-5 <5 · 10 ^-6 <1 · 10 ^-5

The well-known (Chepurov A.I. et al. "Experimental modeling of diamond formation processes", 1997, p.124-126) and the experimental data obtained by the applicant indicate the selective entry of impurities into the diamond structure.

Based on the conditions for the preparation of biological elements (hair), technological methods and materials used in the process of diamond crystallization in the growth system, the choice of a set of heavy metals: Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi is sufficient to characterize a particular person or animal and not affects the jewelry quality of farmed diamonds.

In addition, for more accurate identification of diamonds by chemical composition, it is possible to purposefully introduce additional trace elements from among elements rarely found in nature.

In the claimed invention, the carbon source for diamond growth is formed from the hair mineralization product and spectrally pure graphite, the use of the latter does not pollute the system with heavy metal impurities, which ensures the preservation of the set of chemical elements selected to characterize a particular person or animal, and the diamond is grown at high temperatures and pressure from a melt in the presence of a metal catalyst provides a proportional entry of these elements into diamond while maintaining their relative con entratsy.

To prove compliance, a quantitative chemical analysis of the hair treatment product, carbon source and grown diamond is carried out using modern instrumental methods (mass spectrometric, atomic emission, atomic absorption). The relative concentrations of the elements are recounted taking into account the experimentally established distribution coefficients, the result obtained is compared with the ratio of the concentrations of heavy metals in the hair treatment product. The coincidence of values taking into account the measurement error allows the personification of diamond, i.e. to prove the correspondence of the grown diamond to a specific person or animal and to certify the diamond in chemical composition.

An example implementation.

A hair sample of a specific person weighing ~ 500 mg was mineralized at a temperature of ~ 500 ° C. The weight of the obtained mineralization product (ash residue) of the hair was about ~ 5 mg. ~ 2 mg of the mineralization product was taken, mixed with spectral purity graphite and placed in the growth cell of the well-known high-pressure apparatus “Cut Sphere” (BARS) (described, for example, in the work of AI Chepurov and others “Experimental modeling of diamond formation processes”, 1997, p. 8-20). A single crystal of diamond from a melt was grown by recrystallization by seed. As a result, a single-crystal diamond of jewelry purity weighing ~ 0.2 carats, having a fancy yellow color, was obtained.

In the hair mineralization product, emission spectral analysis was used to determine Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi, Ag, and Au (C _x ⁰ ). The same elements were determined by mass spectrometric method with laser evaporation and ionization in the grown diamond. The relative values of the concentrations of heavy metals to the lead content in the hair mineralization product (C _x ⁰ / C _Pb ⁰ ) and in the grown diamond (C _x / C _Pb ) taking into account the distribution coefficients are presented in Table 2.

table 2 Element Sr Cd Sn Ba Pb Bi Ag Au Hair C _x ⁰ ,% wt. 0,03 0.004 0.012 0,03 0,048 0.001 0.06 0.1 Hair (C _x ⁰ / C _Pb ⁰ ) 0.6 0.08 0.3 0.6 one 0.02 1.3 2 Diamond (C _x / C _Pb ) 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.5 one 0.02 <(0,1) <(0.01)

A comparison of the third and fourth rows of the table shows the relative (to the Pb concentration) contents of Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, and Bi in the hair mineralization product and the grown diamond within the error of determination (~ 15–20%) coincide. Elements such as Au and Ag present in the hair are not part of the grown diamond. The data given in Table 2 are evidence of the correspondence of the composition of the grown diamond to the individual composition of the hair of a particular person in heavy metals.

Thus, based on the conditions for the preparation of biological elements (hair), technological methods and materials used in the process of diamond crystallization in the growth system, the resulting diamond will also be characterized by a set of heavy metals inherent in a particular person or animal.

Claims (2)

1. A personalized grown jewelry diamond containing heavy metals Sr, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb, Bi, extracted from the hair of a certain person or animal, the concentration ratios of which correspond to the ratio of the concentrations of these elements in the hair of a given person or animal. 2. A method of obtaining a personalized jewelry diamond, including treating the hair of a particular person or animal by mineralizing hair at a temperature of no higher than 550 ° C until the organic component is completely decomposed, forming a source for diamond growth from spectrally pure graphite and a hair treatment product containing heavy Sr metals, Cd, Sn, Ва, Pb, Bi, growing diamond from a melt by recrystallization to seed, determining the ratio of the concentrations of these elements in grown diamond and comparing with their content I eat in the product processing.