RU2281904C2 - Lift well - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction and mechanical engineering; hoisting facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for lifting and lowering people and loads and it can be used for lift wells. Proposed lift well contains sliding guides for lift cabin, and artificial coating arranged in bottom part of well and made in form of three-dimensional body. Said body consists of layers differing in density and forms shock absorber. Layers of coating are made of porolon (polyurethane foam) and installed for shifting relative to each other. Coating contains layer with apparent density from 10 kg/m³ to 100 kg/m³ and layer with apparent density from 101 kg/m³ to 200 kg/m³, or coating with layers one of which has apparent density from 10 kg/m³ to 20 kg/m³, other layer with apparent density from 21 kg/m³to 50 kg/m³and third layer with apparent density from 51 kg/m³ to 200 kg/m³.

EFFECT: improved safety of lift.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the construction and mechanical engineering, in particular to devices for lifting - lowering people and goods, and can be used in the design, manufacture and operation of elevator shafts.

State of the art

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is the elevator shaft, disclosed in DE 10210631 A1, 09/19/2002.

This elevator shaft contains sliding guides for moving the elevator car, an artificial coating located in the bottom of the shaft and consisting of layers having different densities and forming a shock absorber.

The prototype does not significantly reduce the overloads acting on the elevator, its passengers and objects in the elevator when the elevator falls to the bottom of the shaft.

The prototype does not provide a significant reduction in overloads acting on a person falling into the elevator shaft.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is to increase the safety of the operation of elevator equipment.

The elevator shaft is designed to ensure the safe movement of the elevator. Technical results include:

- a significant reduction in the overloads acting on the elevator, its passengers and objects located in the elevator when the elevator falls to the bottom of the mine while minimizing the cost of artificial turf;

- a significant reduction in overloads acting on a person falling into the elevator shaft, while minimizing the cost of artificial turf.

Technical results are achieved in that the elevator shaft comprises sliding guides for moving the elevator car, an artificial coating located in the bottom of the shaft and consisting of layers having different densities and forming a shock absorber, characterized in that the coating layers are made of foam rubber and are installed with the possibility shear relative to each other, the coating contains a layer in which the apparent density is from 10 kg / m ³ to 100 kg / m ³ and a layer in which the density is from 101 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ ; or the coating contains layers, one of which has an apparent density of 10 kg / m ³ to 20 kg / m ³ , the other of the layers has an apparent density of 21 kg / m ³ to 50 kg / m ³ , and the third layer has a value apparent density from 51 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ .

The invention differs from the prototype by the features: “the coating layers are made of foam rubber and are mounted with the possibility of shear relative to each other, while the coating contains a layer in which the apparent density is from 10 kg / m ³ to 100 kg / m ³ and a layer in which the density is from 101 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ ; or the coating contains layers, one of which has an apparent density of 10 kg / m ³ to 20 kg / m ³ , the other of the layers has an apparent density of 21 kg / m ³ to 50 kg / m ³ , and the third layer has a value apparent density from 51 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ ".

The implementation of the coating layers with an apparent density of 10 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ will minimize the cost of the coating. Foam rubber with a density of less than 10 kg / m ³ and with a density of more than 200 kg / m ^{3 is} expensive in production. Experience in the production of foam rubber at the Shchelkovo foam factory showed that foam with a density of less than 10 kg / m ^{3 is} more difficult to manufacture due to difficulties in ensuring its shape. Foam with a density of more than 200 kg / m ^{3 is} more expensive due to the higher content of polyurethane and the difficulties of creating an air-polyurethane environment.

As for the thickness of the coating, it is selected from the specific dimensions of the elevator shaft. Even with a slight coating thickness, say 0.5 m (or less), and a density of 10 kg / m ^3, technical results will be achieved. Although small, but a decrease in congestion on the elevator, people and objects will be achieved.

The density of 200 kg / m ^{3 is} an order of magnitude lower than the density of concrete, which is used to build the bottom of the elevator. Thus, the presence of a coating with a density of 200 kg / m ^{3 will} also reduce overloads.

The artificial coating layer can be made in the form of a volumetric body, namely in the form of a prism. This will allow to reduce congestion in the most rational way.

In order to significantly reduce the cost of production of the shock absorber, the coating is layered. Coating layers are made with different densities. This will allow a rational way to reduce overload when the elevator or person falls onto the floor.

When using a multilayer coating, it is advisable that the coating layers freely come into contact with each other. All layers must be movable relative to one another. This increases the cushioning properties of the coating. If the layers were rigidly fastened together, then a fallen person or other object would break through the coating. If the layers are not bonded, then a person falling onto the coating carries along the upper layers of the coating, they increase the pressure surface on the lower layers of the coating, thereby reducing the load on the lower layers of the coating. The coating is not destroyed. There are no lethal loads for humans.

The coating may contain a layer in which the density is from 10 kg / m ³ to 100 kg / m ³ , and a layer in which the density is from 101 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ .

The coating is made in the form of a set of volumetric foam elements, namely in the form of a set of prismatic foam elements. To prevent moisture from entering the foam rubber from above, the artificial coating can be coated with polyethylene. This will extend the life of the coating, as well as reduce overload when the elevator or person falls on the coating.

It is important that the coating occupies from 90 to 100% of the cross section of the elevator shaft in the bottom. This will ensure reliable trapping of the fallen person.

The drawing shows the elevator shaft with a foam shock absorber.

The implementation of the invention

The elevator shaft 1 contains an elevator 2, sliding guides for moving the elevator 3 and 4, and in the bottom of the elevator shaft there is an artificial coating 5 of laminated foam. Foam layers are not bonded to each other. The coating is made with an apparent density of 100 kg / m ³ . Artificial cover - shock absorber is made in the form of a volumetric body, namely a prism.

The coating can be performed so that one layer, for example the upper one, has a lower density, and the other, for example the lower one, has a higher density.

Coating options.

A. The coating can be made so that the apparent density of one layer of foam, for example the upper one, is 10 kg / m ³ and the apparent density of the other layer, for example the lower one, is 101 kg / m ³ .

B. The coating can be performed so that the density of one layer of foam rubber, for example the upper one, is 50 kg / m ³ , and the density of another, for example the lower one, is 150 kg / m ³ .

B. The coating can be made so that the apparent density of one layer of foam, for example the upper one, is 100 kg / m ³ , and the apparent density of another layer, for example the lower one, is 200 kg / m ³ .

D. The coating can be performed in three layers, one of the layers has an apparent density of 10 kg / m ³ to 20 kg / m ³ , the other of the layers has an apparent density of 21 kg / m ³ to 50 kg / m ³ , and the third the layer has an apparent density of 51 kg / m ³ to 200 kg / m ³ .

D. The coating can be performed so that the apparent density of one layer has a value of 10 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of the other layer of foam is 21 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of the third layer is 51 kg / m ³ .

E. The coating can be performed so that the apparent density of one layer has a value of 15 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of the other layer of foam is 35 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of the third layer is 100 kg / m ³ .

G. The coating can be performed so that the apparent density of one layer has a value of 20 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of another layer of foam is 50 kg / m ³ ; the apparent density of the third layer is 200 kg / m ³ .

The above design of the elevator shaft work as follows. The coating is located in the bottom of the shaft. When the elevator, objects or person falls to the bottom of the shaft, they fall on the foam coating. Foam rubber cushions the drop, significantly reduces overload and thereby saves people's lives. A significant reduction in overloads is achieved by the fact that the coating layers are able to move relative to each other. When the layers are displaced, energy is absorbed. Moreover, the implementation of the coating of layers with the stated densities will provide a minimum cost.

Thus, the problem of the invention is solved, the claimed technical results are achieved.

An additional technical result may be that with the help of the claimed invention, the task of saving people and property during fires in multi-storey buildings with an idle elevator (in case the elevator does not interfere with the rescue) is solved. In case of fire, in the event of a stairwell blocking, people, having opened the elevator shaft doors, will be able to get to the first floor of the building with minimal damage by jumping into the elevator shaft and landing on the soft layers of foam rubber.

Claims (1)

An elevator shaft containing sliding guides for moving the elevator car, an artificial coating located in the bottom of the shaft and made in the form of a volumetric body consisting of layers having different densities and forming a shock absorber, characterized in that the coating layers are made of foam rubber and installed with the ability to shift relative to each other, while the coating contains a layer in which the apparent density is from 10 to 100 kg / m ³ and a layer in which the apparent density is from 101 to 200 kg / m ³ , or a coating of soda neighs the layers, one of which has an apparent density of 10 to 20 kg / m ³ , the other of the layers has an apparent density of 21 to 50 kg / m ³ , and the third layer has an apparent density of 51 to 200 kg / m ³ .