RU2281234C2 - Device for separation of structural members - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: momentary remote separation of structural members in rocketry and space engineering; aeronautical engineering and other industries.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has body with inner cavity having spherical bottom. Chamber with explosive charge, membrane setting in motion rod and reflector are arranged in body. Reflector mounted in between explosive charge chamber and membrane for motion along longitudinal axis of body is made in form of sleeve with spherical bottom directed towards membrane. Outer radius of reflector bottom is equal to radius of bottom of body inner cavity; outer radius of cylindrical part of reflector is equal to inner diameter of cylindrical part of membrane.

EFFECT: impactless separation of structural members; reliable protection of membrane.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket and space technology, can be used in the aviation and other sectors of the economy, where instant, remote separation of structural elements (missile connections, ballast discharge, etc.) is necessary.

A device for separating structural elements [1] is known, comprising a housing with an internal cavity, the bottom of which is spherical, and a chamber with pyrocartridges, a membrane and a rod located in the housing.

The main disadvantage of this device is the possibility of destruction (burning) of the membrane, since the gas flows of the squibs are directed directly to the membrane.

The closest in technical essence is a device for separating structural elements [2], containing a housing with an internal cavity, the bottom of which is spherical, a chamber with pyrocartridges located in the housing, a membrane, a rod and a reflector installed between the chamber and the membrane. When the squibs are triggered under gas pressure, the membrane deforms and the rod moves. In this device, the membrane is protected from direct exposure to gases by a reflector. The reflector is made in the form of a bar mounted symmetrically with respect to the line connecting the centers of the holes in the chamber under the squib. The reflector is rigidly clamped in the housing between the chamber and the membrane.

The main disadvantages of this device are the following:

1. The shock overloads from the operation of the squibs are not extinguished, but are transferred to a shared design. The reflector is mounted with its cylindrical collar on the membrane and rests rigidly in this area on the device case, therefore, shock overloads acting on the reflector from the operation of the squibs are transferred to the device case and then to the shared structure.

2. The reflector, made in the form of a bar, cannot overlap the entire surface of the membrane and, therefore, does not completely protect the membrane from the action of gases, as well as from small solid particles of unburnt pyrotechnic composition of the pyro cartridge, which have a sufficiently high kinetic energy.

3. The support of the reflector on the membrane with a cylindrical flange does not exclude the "cutting" of the membrane with this flange due to the pressure of pyro-vapor gases. At the initial moment, until the pressure in the cavity is equalized between the chamber and the membrane, a force arises on the reflector equal to the product of pressure and the area of the reflector.

The problem solved by the proposed device is to provide shock-free separation of structural elements with complete protection of the membrane from destruction.

The problem is solved in that in a device for separating structural elements containing a housing with an internal cavity, the bottom of which is spherical, a chamber with pyrocartridges installed in the housing, a membrane moving the rod, and a reflector placed between the chamber and the membrane, the reflector is made in the form of a glass with a spherical bottom facing the membrane and installed with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis of the housing, while the outer radius of the bottom of the reflector is equal to the radius of the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing, and The actual diameter of the cylindrical part of the reflector is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the membrane.

The invention is illustrated using figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows the device in its original position; figure 2 - after the activation of the squibs.

A device for separating structural elements consists of a housing 1 with an internal cavity 2, the bottom 3 of which is made spherical. The housing 1 is mounted on shared structural members (not shown). In the inner cavity 2 of the housing 1, a chamber 4 with pyrocartridges 5, a reflector 6, a membrane 7 and a rod 8 is installed. The membrane 7 is rigidly clamped by the chamber 4 in the cavity 2, while the spherical bottom 3 of the inner cavity 2 is a limiting support for the deformation of the membrane 7. Reflector 6 made in the form of a glass with a spherical bottom 9, facing the membrane 7 and resting on it. The outer radius of the bottom 9 of the reflector 6 is equal to the radius of the bottom 3 of the inner cavity 2 of the housing 1. The reflector 6 is mounted to move along the longitudinal axis 10 of the housing 1. The outer diameter of the cylindrical part of the reflector 6 is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical part of the membrane 7.

The device operates as follows. When an electric current is supplied to the device, igniters 5. Hot jets of gas, as well as small solid particles of unburnt pyrotechnic composition of the igniters 5, rush to the membrane 7. Expansion of solid particles. possessing a sufficiently high kinetic energy, it occurs unorganized, and due to the limited space between the chamber 4 and the membrane 7, the scope of the gas jets cannot be determined, therefore, the effect of both solid particles and gas jets on the membrane 7 occurs over its entire surface. There is a need to protect the membrane 7 over its entire surface. This protection is provided by the proposed reflector 6. Under the action of gas jets, the reflector 6 moves along the longitudinal axis 10 of the housing 1 towards the membrane 7. The reflector 6 protects the membrane 7 throughout the entire operation of the device, since the inner diameter of the cylindrical wall of the membrane 7 and the outer diameter of the cylindrical the parts of the reflector 6 are equal. In addition, for the same reason, the reflector assumes the shock overload from the operation of the pyroparons and transfers them not to the housing 1 of the device, but to the membrane 7, which dampens them. At the end of the operation of the device, the membrane 7 is deformed, taking the form of the bottom of the reflector 6, and is installed with it on the bottom surface 3 of the cavity 2, moving the rod 8. The design of the lock revealed by the movement of the rod 8 is not shown. Thus, damage to the membrane 7 is completely eliminated and shock overloads from the operation of the squib 5 are removed.

Information sources

1. RF patent №2144892.

2. RF patent No. 2167796.

Claims (1)

A device for separating structural elements, comprising a housing with an internal cavity, the bottom of which is spherical, a chamber with pyrocartridges located in the housing, a membrane moving the rod, and a reflector installed between the chamber and the membrane, characterized in that the reflector is made in the form of a glass with a spherical bottom facing the membrane, and installed with the possibility of movement along the longitudinal axis of the housing, while the outer radius of the bottom of the reflector is equal to the radius of the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing, and the outer diameter of cylindrical portion of the reflector is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion of the membrane.

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