RU2280580C2 - Method of identification of rail running objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method comes to recording signals from two wheel pickups when they are intersected by wheelsets of train. Wheel pickups are arranged at preset fixed distance relative to each other whose value is less than minimum possible interaxle distance. At distance. At moment of intersection of first wheel pickup, passive receivers-transponders installed on train running units are irradiated by SHF signal, and pulse is formed to start master timer referring time counting system to running train. Data on structure of interaxle distances of wheelsets corresponding to definite types of running units and data on running units corresponding to codes recorded in memory of passive receivers-transponders are preliminarily recorded in memory of measuring device. Algorithms for determining in time location of passive receiver-transponder and speed and direction of train running are provided. Periodicity of recorded signals is restored in case of skip in recording of signal from wheel pickups and/or presence of false information. Train is identified basing of data from wheel pickups and passive receivers-transducers.

EFFECT: improved reliability of identification of running objects.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport and can be used in centralized systems for automatic control of moving objects of railway transport.

A known method for the identification of rolling stocks, based on the irradiation of a passive sensor with a high-frequency signal of the reading device when the sensor passes by this reading device. An excited sensor provides a response code message received and decoded by a reader (US Patent No. 4,739,328, CL G 01 S 13/74, 1988).

A known method in which it is proposed to use the on / off of the high-frequency signal of the reader to exclude the reading of the passive sensor from neighboring rolling stock (RF patent No. 2191127 C1, 7 B 61 L 25/02).

The disadvantage of these methods is the possibility of erroneous binding of the sensor not to its object or false binding of a neighboring composition sensor under conditions of incomplete composition with code sensors (for example, failure of one of the sensors), due to the neglect of the length of the irradiation zone of the code sensor by the microwave signal of the reading device or changes speed and maneuvers of identifiable composition.

The identification method (RF No. 20009978 C1, 7 B 61 L 25/02), adopted as a prototype, which consists in counting the axes and moving units with the measurement of interaxal distances. Based on the measured distances between the wheelsets at each control point, a sequence is formed for each train in the order of the wheelsets of all the moving units, remember them and, if there are several trains with the same number of wheelsets and wagons on the central control section, decide on the train identification when the sequences match distance between wheel sets.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not actually solve the problem of identifying a rolling unit due to the lack of an identification sensor and the mechanism for linking this sensor to an object. In addition, with a partial loss of information, ambiguity of movement in one of the control sections (elements of the return movement, deceleration, etc.), the method does not provide the stated goal.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability and reliability of the identification of mobile vehicles, including under conditions of incomplete information from a mobile vehicle.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of identifying rolling stocks, which consists in recording signals generated at the moments when the wheelsets of the rolling stock intersect the two wheel sensors installed at the control point and located from each other along the rolling stock at a given fixed distance, the value of which less than the smallest possible interaxal distance, determining the time intervals between signals from two wheel sensors generated and recorded in the moment nt the intersection of these sensors with a pair of wheels and time intervals, the values of which, taking into account a given fixed distance between the wheel sensors, determine the interaxial distance, followed by comparing the data with previously recorded data in the memory of the measuring means, characterized in that when the first wheel passes the first movement a wheel sensor generates an impulse that starts the timer of time stamps, linking the temporary reference system to the moving train, The data on the structure of the axle distances of the wheelsets corresponding to certain types of moving units and the data on moving units corresponding to the codes recorded in the memory of passive transponders installed on moving units of the composition are recorded in the memory of the measuring means, passive transponders are irradiated with the microwave signal from the moment of crossing the first wheel sensor by the first pair of rolling stock, and the reading and writing of the code signal is carried out upon receipt of the transponder a signal into the irradiation zone with a microwave signal, while recording the moment the transponder enters the irradiation zone with the microwave signal and the moment it leaves this irradiation zone, and from the received data determine the temporary location of the transponder, from the time intervals between the recorded signals generated at the intersection wheel sensors wheel sets determine the speed and direction of movement of the rolling stock and in the case of missing signals in the record and / or the presence of false signals indicating a change in speed These directions of movement, restore the frequency of the recorded signals and determine the interaxial distances and compare with the data previously recorded in the memory of the measuring means and determine the structure and type of mobile units and the position of the transponders by which the transponders belong to the mobile units of identifiable composition and the results code signal comparisons confirm the type of mobile unit and its affiliation, determine the sequence walking mobile units and fixed in the time of the identified structure passes by the checkpoint.

When the first wheel passes the composition of the first wheel sensor in motion, a pulse is generated that starts the time stamp timer in the reader, linking the temporary reference system to the moving train, and turns on the microwave signal generator and, as the train passes the floor reader, the reader timer generates time stamps from impulses of wheel sensors when passing over them wheels of objects that are stored together with the number of the wheel sensor in the buffer for wheel sensors, and time stamps of the entrance of the code sensors into the irradiation zone of the reader antenna and the exit from it, which are stored together with the decoded identification codes of the sensors installed on the objects of the composition, in the buffer of the code sensors.

These data from each control point are transmitted via a communication line to a primary information processing device (it is possible to use a standard PC with specialized software), which contains databases of sensor objects.

A possible view of the received data arrays (second and third column).

The quantum price of timer timer stamps in data sets is Δt = 0.0000853 s.

In a computing device:

1. The temporary position of the code sensor is determined from the data of the samples of the input and output of the code sensor from the irradiation zone (for example, as the arithmetic mean of the time samples of the code sensor):

For the first array

18274 40892012022802С100000000000401С0

84340 40892012022794С100000000000401С0

For the second array

17083 40892012636148D500000000000401С0

56710 40892066434648D400000000000402C0

140093 40892012636130Е100000000000401С0

For the third array

107879 40892012025623Е500000000000401С0

1302283 40892012025623Е500000000000401С0

2112603 40892012025623Е500000000000401С0

2. The intervals of regularity of alternating temporary positions of wheelsets of objects are determined.

For example, by checking the condition “position index i = position index i + 1”

In the first sequence, the entire array is regular,

in the second - three arrays of regularity,

in the third, four arrays of regularity.

3. The direction of movement of the wheelset and the intervals of persistence of the direction of speed are determined.

The numbering of wheelsets is carried out taking into account the intervals of regularity.

The speed of movement on each interval is determined under the assumption of its direction from the reference of the wheel sensor of the odd line (starting from the first) to the even and from the even line (starting from the second) to the odd.

V _i = S _b / (t _{i + 1} -t _i ), S _b - the base distance between the wheel sensors (here

S _b = 1 m),

t _i - readout of wheel sensors in sec (t _i = B _i * Δt), i = 1,2,3,4 ...

The true sequence of time stamps is characterized by a smooth change in speed.

The comparison of the increments of the speed equivalents (the difference of the increments of the time samples on adjacent sections of the array, shown in the fourth and fifth columns).

Increment value with odd reference

где n - число приращений, i=1,2,3,4...Δ _i inc. = (B _2i -B _2i-1 ),

where n is the number of increments, i = 1,2,3,4 ...

With an even reference

где n - число приращений, i=1,2,3,4...Δ _i even. = (B _{2i + 1} -B _2i ),

where n is the number of increments, i = 1,2,3,4 ...

For the first array, a comparison of adjacent increments Δ _{i not} . <Δ _i even. on the entire data array.

That is, the array starts with an odd number and the direction of movement does not change during the movement.

There are no matching values in the identity sample sequence.

For the second data array.

In the first interval

Δ _i inc. <Δ _i even., That is, the movement goes from the first wheel sensor to the second.

In the second and third sections, the speed preserves the direction of motion (Δ _i inc. <Δ _i even).

In this case, the increments with the subsequent coincident count give a sharp drop in speed (increasing the time interval - 6814 instead of 3591), which does not correspond to the physics of motion of a massive inertial object.

That is, there is a false re-count in the channel of the first wheel sensor.

There are no matching values in the identity sample sequence.

For the third data array.

In the first interval, Δ _{i is} inconsequential <Δ _{i is} even, that is, the movement is from the first wheel sensor to the second.

In the second section, the speed changes the direction of motion (Δ _i even. <Δ _{i not} .).

In the third section, the speed again changes the direction of motion (Δ _i inc. <Δ _i even).

In the fourth section, the direction of movement changes again (Δ _i even. <Δ _{i not} .).

In the sequence of samples of identification data there is a matching value indicating the presence of return movement.

4. Recovery of failed sections.

For the second array:

The restoration of faulty sections in the conditions of equality of the speed of passage of the wheel sensors by the trolley means the exclusion from the data array of repeated readings of the first wheel sensor readings

5. The numbering of the wheels of the rolling stock is carried out taking into account the direction of movement.

6. Intervals with identical numbers are excluded from consideration. For the third array, the fact of the return of the composition from the zone of the outdoor reader is established.

7. Determined by the base distance and the average speed of the wheelsets of FIG. 6, the distances between adjacent wheelsets S _ei (the last column of the array).

S _eli = S _b (B _{2i + 2} + B _{2i + 1} -B _2i -B _2i-1 ) / (B _{2i + 2} -B _{21 + l} + B _2i -B _2i-1 ),

where i = 1, 2, 3, 4 ...

8. From the base of moving units are determined by matching elements (carts, inter-body distances).

For the first array

Two sections of a passenger electric locomotive type ChS7

For the second array

3 sections of a freight electric locomotive type VL80R

9. The positions of the code sensors on moving units are determined and false

For the first array

Sensors are located behind the second wheel of the first truck

For the second

Sensors in the first and third sections behind the second wheel of the first truck

In the second section, the sensor is placed in the intersection space (in the area of 5.95 m), therefore it is excluded as false, read from the oncoming train.

10. The final message is built taking into account the code sensors and the transit time of the train.

For the first array

Direction 1 to 2

ChS7 (A) 12022802

ChS7 (B) 12022794

TIME = 06/07/04 15:45:28

For the second array

Direction 2 to 1

VL80R (B) 12636148

VL80R

VL80R (A) 12636130

TIME = 04/02/04 11:23:11

For the third array, it is possible to report a fact of the appearance without the through passage of the passenger locomotive ChS7 with identification number 12025623

TIME = 06/07/04 14:37:12

11. The final message is stored in the system memory until the next train passes (to control the situation with the train stopping before the checkpoint).

In the absence of a traction unit in the subsequent composition and the presence in the composition of the basic units, a combined composition is formed with the composition from the system memory.

The implementation of the method is illustrated using the identification system shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The identification system of FIG. 1 consists of passive sensors 1 for identifying mobile units 2, outdoor reading devices (NSIs) 3 ... 3n and devices 4 processing of primary information of the NSO. The code sensor of FIG. 2 contains a microwave antenna 5, a microwave signal rectifier 6, and a power limiter 7 for a code shaper 8 (for example, a 563РТ1 chip) containing a clock pulse generator 9, an identification code memory unit 10, a pulse sequence shaper 11, an antenna wave load modulator 12 .

The floor reader FIG. 3 comprises a first wheel sensor 13 and a second wheel sensor 13 ¹ mounted on a rail closest to the floor reader at a distance less than the minimum center distance of the trolley, while the output of the first wheel sensor 13 is connected to the input of the first pulse shaper 14 whose output connects to the first channel 1k irradiating reading device (reader) 15, and the output of the second detector 13 of the wheel ¹ is connected to the input of the second shaper ¹⁴ January momenta cos whose output is connected to the second channel 2k reader 15, whose output is connected via a modem 16 to the local link.

Wheel sensors can be, for example, inductive, forming a currentless (current drop) mode of fixing the passage of the wheel above the sensor.

The pulse generator is made, for example, in the form of a load resistor of a wheel sensor connected to an analog comparator, forming a pulse of a logical level.

The reader of FIG. 4 functionally comprises a transmitter / receiver 17, a signal processor 23, and a central processor unit 26 controlling the operation of the reader. The transmitting and receiving device contains a master oscillator 19 of the carrier frequency, one output of which through the circulator 20 is connected to the transceiver antenna 18, and the second output to the first input of the mixer 21 with quadrature splitting of the signal, to the second input of which the signal from the transceiver antenna of the reader is transmitted through the circulator. Two detected signals from the outputs of the mixer go to two inputs of a bandpass shaper of 22 levels, where they are amplified and filtered by a high frequency and fed to a signal processor 23, into a counter 24 of the duration of phase states, the output of which is connected to the input of a comparator of 25 durations.

The block of the central processor 26 contains a microprocessor 27 (for example, IC 188EV-40, combining a processor element with an internal 16-bit data bus and an external 8-bit data bus; 3 independent 16-bit timer-counters; 2 serial asynchronous transceivers; interrupt controller for 5 external interrupt sources and 2 internal; signal generator of samples for various placement zones in the memory space and the space of input-output devices), read-only memory with a control program for microprocessor 28 (for example, AM29C010JI dynamic flash ROM of AM company, operational memory 29 for storing incoming data, microprocessor interrupt generation device from signals of wheel encoder pulses, signal processor and switching on of microwave generator 30, interface transceiver unit 31 (for example, ADM209AR - RS-232 interface transceiver) for microprocessor data exchange through a modem and a local communication line with a primary information processing device.

The communication modem with the local communication line can be of any standard modification.

The primary information processing device consists of a computing unit (for example, a standard PC with software that implements the computing process of the method), an expansion port for serial ports, and standard modems.

The system operates as follows.

When the train hits the first wheel on the wheel sensor closest to the movement, for example, the first 13 pulse shaper 14, connected to this sensor generates a pulse that enters the channel of the device for interrupting and turning on the microwave reader generator 30. As a result, the timer of the processor’s time grid is reset, in the RAM, the sensor number and the timer countdown time (zero) are recorded in the memory area of the wheel sensors and the microwave generator 19 is turned on. The signal of the generator through the circulator 20 is fed to the input of the antenna 18, which begins to probe the space in the area of the antenna radiation pattern, while part of the energy from the generator is supplied to the first input of the mixer 21. The code sensor 1 is installed behind the second wheel of the first carriage of the train and therefore gets irradiation zone. The microwave signal received by the antenna 5 of the sensor is rectified by a rectifier 6 and, through a limiter with capacitive filtering, energizes the code driver 8. The code generator generates a pulse code sequence, in accordance with which the modulator 12 changes the load impedance of the antenna, modulating the reflective properties of the antenna. As a result, the microwave signal reflected by the amplitude-modulated code sequence enters the reader antenna and through the circulator to the second input of the mixer. The mixer 21 implements the heterodyne principle of selecting a low-frequency signal in two components, shifted by 90 °. Two detected signals from the outputs of the mixer go to two inputs of a bandpass shaper of 22 levels, where they are amplified and filtered by a high frequency and fed to the signal processor 23 into a phase state duration counter 24, the output of which is connected to the input of a comparator of 25 durations.

At the output of the signal processor, a binary code sequence is generated, which enters the processor 27, and at the same time, an interrupt cycle is formed through the interrupt device, as a result of which this sequence with the read value of the timer of the processor’s time grid enters the random access memory 29 in the area allocated to the code sensors. Upon receipt of the information from the wheel sensors and encoders enters the corresponding areas of RAM. The primary information processing device interrogates through serial ports on local communication lines the floor readers connected to it and, if there is information, reads each in the form of a sequence of time stamps of indexed wheel and code sensors.

Further, according to the algorithm of the proposed method, the compositions are identified that have passed by the NSI connected to the primary information processing device FIG. 5.

The proposed method was tested in the identification system of the railway transport of the Russian Federation and showed high reliability in determining rolling units and composition as a whole.

Claims (1)

A method for identifying rolling stocks, which consists in recording signals generated at the moments when the wheelset intersects the rolling stock of two wheel sensors installed at a control point and located from each other along the rolling stock at a given fixed distance, the value of which is less than the minimum possible center distance, time intervals between signals from two wheel sensors formed and recorded at the moment of crossing these sensors with a wheel pair and time intervals, the values of which, taking into account a given fixed distance between the wheel sensors, determine the interaxial distance, followed by comparing the data with previously recorded data in the memory of the measuring tool, characterized in that when the first wheel passes the composition of the first wheel sensor to move, a pulse is generated that triggers timer of time stamps, linking the temporary reference system to the moving train, previously in the memory of the measuring means of recording There are data on the structure of the interaxal distances of the wheelsets corresponding to certain types of moving units, and data on the moving units corresponding to the codes recorded in the memory of passive transponders installed on moving units of the composition, the microwave signal of passive transponders is produced from the moment the first wheel sensor crosses the first a pair of rolling stock, and the reading and writing of the code signal is carried out when the transponder enters the irradiation zone with a microwave signal, while they record the moment the transponder enters the irradiation zone with a microwave signal and the moment it exits this irradiation zone, and from the obtained data, determine the temporary location of the transponder, from the time intervals between the recorded signals generated at the moments when the wheel sensors intersect the wheel pairs, determine the speed and direction of movement rolling stock and in the event of a miss in the recording of signals and / or the presence of false signals indicating a change in speed or direction of movement, restore the frequency of the recorded signals, determine the distance between the axles and compare with the data previously recorded in the memory of the measuring means and the results of the comparison determine the structure and type of mobile units and the position of the transponders, which establish the belonging of the transponders to the mobile units of identifiable composition, and confirm the type of results of the comparison of code signals mobile unit and its affiliation, determine the sequence of occurrence of moving units in the composition and fix t is the time the identified train passes by the checkpoint.

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