RU2280289C2 - Decorative map production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of primarily leather-made decorative articles in the form of physical, political, astronomic, and other maps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes wetting natural-leather blank that functions as map base and its drying in stretched condition. Then underside of paper sheet whose surface is pre-tinted by compacted loose material is applied to this blank. Pattern of expected map incorporating data media is made on paper sheet face, outlines of data media parts are step-by-step transferred to base, and appropriate lines are burned out and/or stamped in step-by-step manner. First elements applied to map base are basic ones used as references for entire pattern of map; they are burned out and/or stamped on base. After that smaller items are applied to base whereupon they are burned out and/or stamped. After all items of map pattern are burned out and/or stamped, separate portions of pattern are dyed, major ones being dyed first and minor ones, after them. Then dried dye is wiped, and external surface of map is covered with at least one layer of fixing material.

EFFECT: enhanced life of map pattern, improved decorative effect of proposed map simulating antique maps.

8 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of decorative leather products, mainly natural, in the form of cards: physical, political, astronomical and others.

Various types of cards made on paper are widely known. To improve their operational properties, the outer, and often both surfaces of the card are laminated, but still such products do not differ in durability (Popular Geographical Dictionary, Encyclopedic Dictionaries series, publishing house Ripol Classic, M., 2002, p. 266 -297), it is also known to perform maps, particularly geographical ones, of leather (Encyclopedia for children, vol. 3 “Geography”, M., “Avanta +”, 1994, p. 15).

The production of leather cards allows you to increase the durability of the resulting cards compared to cards made on paper.

The technical result of the invention is to provide greater durability of the image applied to it while obtaining a special artistic effect, which consists in simulating an old map.

The specified technical result is achieved in the proposal by the fact that the method of manufacturing the card is that the blank of genuine leather, which serves as the basis for the card, is moistened and dried in a stretched state. Then, the back side of the sheet of paper is applied over it, the surface of which is pre-shaded with compressed bulk material, and on the front side of the sheet of paper a drawing of a future card is made, consisting of information carriers, the contours of which are partly transferred to the base in stages and burned and / or embossed on it correspondingly them lines. First, the main elements are applied to the base of the map, according to which the entire pattern of the map is oriented, and they are burned and / or embossed on the basis, after which smaller details are applied to it, followed by their burning and / or embossing. After burning out and / or embossing of the whole picture of the card, stage-by-stage painting of the corresponding sections of the picture with paint is carried out, first painting over the main parts, and then the secondary ones. After that, the dried paint is wiped and at least one layer of fixing material is applied to the outer surface of the obtained card.

During the drying process, the moistened preform may be placed under the press.

As bulk material for the back side of a sheet of paper, coal, sanguine or graphite is used.

After each transfer of the contour, parts of the drawing to the base are drawn on it with a pencil.

To paint over the areas obtained on the basis of the drawing, paints based on acrylic with mineral natural additives are used.

As the fixing material, wax is used, which is polished after application to the substrate. In addition, wax gives the color saturation and depth, making the image more distinct.

At the last stage, according to one embodiment, the resulting card is glued to a substrate made, for example, of plywood to increase its dimensional stability, and edged.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1, 2 shows art cards with different mounting options on the frame.

The edges of the art card 1, 86 × 46 cm in size, shown in FIG. 1, are directly fixed in a rectangular frame (baguette) 2. The card contains a base 3 made from a piece of leather trimmed around the perimeter of an appropriately processed (cut down) leather (chabraka). On the front side is a graphic colorful image corresponding to the theme of the map, in this case imitating an old geographical map. The image includes a drawing of land (mainland) 4, sailing ships 5, information symbols in the form of flags 6, lines 7, including meridians, inscriptions 8, etc., made on the basis of the stamping and burning method.

Figure 2 shows an art card 9, 105 × 84 cm in size, along the perimeter of the uneven edge of which holes 10 are formed, through which a mounting cord 11 is connected, connected to a frame (baguette) 2. On the basis of 3, colorful images of sailing ships of frigates 5 are made wind roses 12, flags 6 and emblems 13, as well as lines, including meridians 7 and inscriptions 8.

The above graphic images and symbols can be performed by the combined methods of burning, embossing and dyeing with acrylic paints or preference in the design will be given to any combination thereof.

Both cards shown in figures 1 and 2 have two fixed wax layers.

In more detail, the method of manufacturing the described design of art cards is given below.

The skin chosen for burning is saturated with water until it can be stretched. Then a piece of skin is stretched on a dry smooth surface and fixed at the edges with nails. After the skin dries, the nails are removed. The material is ready to go.

Work on a leather card begins with translating the desired pattern onto the surface of a piece of finished leather. To do this, the drawing on paper, brought to the desired size, is shaded from the back with charcoal, sanguine or a simple pencil. In order for the coal layer to be the most even, coal strokes are shaded with a piece of paper or matter.

After that, the drawing with the side on which the coal is applied is applied to the skin and attached to it with adhesive tape - “adhesive tape”. This process is carried out in stages.

First, those elements of the picture that are most pronounced on the map or those that are used to orient the entire subsequent drawing of the map are translated. These are meridians, the silhouette of the globe, the decorative environment of the map itself, etc. After the above elements are transferred to the skin, a sheet of paper with a card pattern is removed. So that the next time the sheet lies flat on the surface of the skin, it is necessary to outline the contours of the places where the map ends with a simple pencil.

After the sheet of paper is removed, thick carbon lines of those elements that were translated remain on the skin. To make the image on the map a little thinner and more accurate, you should wipe it a little with a brush (with hard hairs) or with a wide flat brush (bristle). Coal dust now diverges slightly and lines can be drawn around. Since the translated lines are very quickly erased, they must be circled again with a simple pencil (preferably soft, so that it does not scratch the leather surface). After all lines on the skin are re-circled, the card can be wiped again to more thoroughly wipe the charcoal. Only fine lines made by pencil should remain on the surface.

Now the drawn parts of the map can be burned out. The lines must be burned thicker than they will look in the final version. All images on the map are burned with lines of different thicknesses. So, images of large sizes and the main lines of the map (frame, large patterns, straight lines, etc.) should be thicker than the lines of minor details or openwork images (mainland, figures, small objects). The thinnest lines are those that emphasize and complement the images (shadows, faces, details of the pattern, details of buildings, small rivers, details of ships, etc.). To achieve these goals, burning machines must be used at different angles and their needles must be of different sizes. Burning machines with rounded and blunt needles are used. For the thinnest lines, the needle is sharpened as sharply as possible.

After the first main lines of the card are burned (as a rule, they are the thickest and deepest and have a black color), a sheet of paper with the image of the card is again superimposed on the skin surface. Now smaller details are translated, such as: continents, landscapes, wind roses, figures, large names, etc. Then the sheet is removed again, the contours are again outlined with a pencil, traces of coal are removed. Then they are burned with a device with either a less thick needle or with less strong pressure. The lines, like the main ones, are black, but look a little thinner and less deep.

After that, a sheet with the image is again applied to the skin, and the most insignificant details are translated, such as the names of small cities, small details of the pattern, small attributes of ships, buildings and landscapes, shadows, etc. All names must be measured and executed in the same font style. Details are made with the thinnest needles, and details such as shadows, faces, small details of animal images, etc. should take a slightly brownish tint from mild pressure on the skin.

After the image is completed, it is necessary to give it a color scheme. Water-based paints such as acrylic are used to paint leather cards. It can be applied to the skin with either a thick or liquid layer, adding more water. The more liquid the paint solution is applied to the skin, the darker the color is and it will subsequently look smoother. First of all, the main images are painted, as well as burned out: the main oceans, the main pattern, etc. The paint must be applied so that between the painted area and the scorched line remains the area of the original skin (approximately 1 mm). Paint should not flow on burned lines. All of them remain in their original form. Then minor details are painted, and then the smallest and most insignificant. When the images are painted, some small details are emphasized by a thin burning apparatus, but this can only be done if the paint layer is not very thick.

After that, individual fragments of the card (i.e. where the paint was used) are easily wiped with a piece of sandpaper to even out the paint layer and achieve transparency. In some parts of the card, the paint is erased to the extent that the original skin color appears. Also, the paint is rubbed around letters and names. There should not be a clear boundary between the paint layer and the scorched line.

When the image is fully completed, the card is given brilliance and a brighter color. To do this, they rub it with wax. This process consists of three stages. First, the card is rubbed with the first layer of wax using a brush. Then very thick layers of wax are removed from the surface and the surface is leveled. For this, mastechin is used. The first layer of applied wax should be very thin. Then the wax is added to those places on the map where it is not enough, it is again leveled with a mastinehin and the wax is rubbed into the map until the wax layer is extremely even. This is done slightly, because the skin from this is a little darker.

After that, the finished card is cut out or remains with uneven edges, depending on the design (fixing on a baguette).

Claims (8)

1. A method of manufacturing a card, which consists in the fact that the blank of genuine leather, which serves as the basis for the card, is moistened and dried in a stretched state, then the back side of the sheet of paper is applied to it, the surface of which is previously shaded with a compressed bulk material, and on the front side of the sheet papers perform a drawing of a future card consisting of information carriers, the contours of which are gradually transferred to the base in stages and burned and / or embossed on it corresponding to the lines, first of all, onto the base the mouths apply the basic elements, according to which the entire map pattern is oriented, and burn and / or emboss them on the basis, after which smaller details are applied to it, followed by their burning and / or embossing, and after burning and / or embossing of the entire map pattern, stage-by-stage painting of the corresponding sections of the drawing with paint, first painting over the main parts, and then the secondary ones, after which they wipe the dried paint and apply at least one layer of fixing material to the outer surface of the resulting card. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which during the drying process a moistened preform is placed under a press. 3. The method according to claim 1, in which coal, or sanguine, or graphite is used as bulk material for the back of a sheet of paper. 4. The method according to claim 1, in which after each transfer of the contour of the part of the drawing to the base, it is drawn on it with a pencil. 5. The method according to claim 1, in which for painting areas obtained on the basis of the drawing using paints based on acrylic with mineral natural additives. 6. The method according to claim 1, in which wax is used as the fixing material. 7. The method according to claim 6, in which the wax after application to the base is polished. 8. The method according to claim 1, in which the resulting card is attached to the substrate and edged.

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