RU2279904C2 - Self-purifying filter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: different branches of industry; production of the self-purifying filters.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the devices for filtration of the liquid mediums, in particular, to the self-purifying filter and may be used in different branches of industry, where the effective purification of the liquid mediums from the mechanical impurities is required. The self-purifying filter contains: the body divided by the filtering partitions into the chambers of the source and purified liquids coupled accordingly with the inlet and outlet fitting pipes; the fixed on the hollow arbor component of purification of the filtering partitions, in the lateral surface of which there is a hole communicating through the purifying component with the chamber of the source liquid. The purifying component is made in the form of the half-closed vane, the open side of which is facing the filtering partition. The hole on the lateral surface of the hollow arbor is made in the place of the purifying component fixation with provision of communication of the indicated hole with the cavity of the half-closed vane. One end of the hollow arbor arranged in the body of the filter is made with the shut butt, and other end of the hollow arbor is made with the open butt providing withdrawal of the pollutions. The filter contains the annular collector mounted in the body with formation of the ring-type channel between the internal surface of the body and the external surface of the annular collector made with the tangential partitions and the guiding slits arranged on the circumference with the even pitch. The filter can have the inlet fitting pipe mounted tangentially to the filter body, which is made cylindrical. The filter can contain: the additional filtering partition and in this case the body is divided by the filtering partitions into the chamber of the source liquid and two chambers of the purified liquid arranged symmetrically in respect to the chamber of the source liquid, and the vane of the mobile purifying component is made with two open sides facing the planes of the filtering partitions; the additional filtering partition and the additional purifying component made in the form of the half-closed vane. At that the body is parted by the filtering partitions into the chamber of the source liquid, the intermediate chamber and the chamber of the purified liquid arranged sequentially above the chamber of the source liquid. In the lateral surface of the hollow arbor there is an additional hole communicating through the additional purifying component with the intermediate chamber. The technical result of the invention is the increased efficiency of the filter operation.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased efficiency of the filter operation.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for filtering liquid media and can be used in various industries where effective cleaning of liquid media from mechanical impurities is required.

A self-cleaning continuous filter [1] is known, comprising a housing divided by filtering baffles into the chambers of the source and clarified liquids, a device for supplying the initial liquid, made in the form of a communicating collector with the source fluid chambers with the inlet nozzle and installed along the axis in the clarified fluid chamber housing, and a backwash device, mounted on a hollow shaft with a drive, auger; mounted coaxially inside the hollow shaft, rigidly connected to the housing and made in the form of two halves, the twist angles of the blades of which are mutually opposite.

A self-cleaning filter [2] is also known, comprising a housing divided by a flat filter element into the chambers of the initial and purified liquid, a backwash device made in the form of a hollow shaft installed coaxially with the housing for cleaning, and a soothing element installed in the chamber of the purified liquid under box and made in the form of a chute rigidly connected to the hollow shaft, while the soothing element is equipped with an acoustic emitter mounted inside the chute under the box, while the chute is offset relative to the radial axis of the box in the direction opposite to the direction of its movement.

A disadvantage of the known devices [1, 2] is the high energy intensity due to the presence of an electric drive to provide rotation - backwash device.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution is a well-known self-cleaning filter [3], comprising a housing separated by filter baffles into the chambers of the initial and clarified liquid, and a device for regenerating filter baffles, made in the form of a washing box mounted on a shaft with a lapping plate, lapping the plate is installed with a gap to the upper part of the washing duct and forms a chamber with the duct communicating with the source fluid chamber through openings Nena at the top of the box.

The disadvantages of this filter are the consumption of additional energy for rotation of the hollow shaft with flushing boxes and lapping plates, the presence of two outlet pipes for draining the cleaned liquid, and the lack of technical means to ensure continuous removal of contaminants, which reduces the efficiency of the filter.

The technical result, which consists in eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks, is achieved in the proposed self-cleaning filter, comprising a housing divided by filtering baffles into the chambers of the initial and purified liquids, connected respectively to the inlet and outlet pipes, a filter baffle cleaning element fixed to the hollow shaft, in the side surface of which a hole is made that communicates through the cleaning element with the source fluid chamber, in that the cleaning element is made in the form of a semi-closed blade, open side to the plane of the filter baffle, moreover, the hole on the side surface of the hollow shaft is made in the place of attachment of the cleaning element to ensure communication of the aforementioned hole with the cavity of the semi-closed blade, one end of the hollow shaft located in the filter housing is made with a closed end and the other end the hollow shaft is made with an open end, ensuring the removal of contaminants.

The technical result is achieved in the proposed filter also by the fact that it contains an annular collector installed in the housing with the formation of an annular channel between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the annular collector, made with tangential partitions and guide slots located around the circle at regular intervals and so that the inlet pipe is installed tangentially with respect to the filter housing, made cylindrical. Thanks to such a constructive solution, conditions are created for the "twisting" of the flow in the source fluid chamber.

An additional increase in the operating efficiency of the proposed filter is ensured by the fact that it contains an additional filtering partition, while the housing is divided by filtering partitions into the chamber of the initial liquid and two chambers of the purified liquid, located symmetrically with respect to the chamber of the initial liquid, the blade of the cleaning element being made with two open sides facing the planes of the filter baffles, and the fact that it contains an additional filter baffle and an additional element about source, made in the form of a semi-closed blade, while the housing is divided by filtering baffles into the chamber of the source fluid, the intermediate chamber and the chamber of the purified fluid, arranged in series above the chamber of the source fluid, an additional hole is made in the side surface of the hollow shaft, communicating through an additional movable cleaning element with an intermediate the camera.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 shows the first embodiment of the filter design with two chambers and an annular collector;

- figure 2 shows a cross section of a filter with an annular collector;

- figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the filter with a tangentially located inlet pipe;

- figure 4 presents the third embodiment of the filter with three chambers and an annular collector;

- figure 5 shows the fourth embodiment of the filter design with three chambers and an annular collector.

In the first embodiment (Fig. 1), the filter comprises a housing 1, separated by a filtering partition 2 into the chambers of the initial 3 and purified liquid 4.

An annular collector is installed in the housing 1, which is formed by tangential partitions 5 and guide slots 6 located around the circle with a regular step (figure 2).

The chamber 3 of the source fluid is connected to the inlet pipe 7.

The filter also contains a cleaning element 8, mounted on a hollow shaft 9.

Element 8 is made in the form of a semi-closed blade facing the open side to the plane of the filtering partition 2.

An opening 10 is made in the lateral surface of the hollow shaft 9, which communicates through the cleaning element 8 with the chamber 3 of the initial fluid.

The hole 10 is located at the attachment point of the cleaning element 8. This ensures the communication of the cavity of the shaft 9 with the cavity of the semi-closed blade 8.

Between the inner surface of the housing 1 and the outer surface of the annular collector formed by the partitions 5 and the guide slots 6, there is an annular channel 11 connected to the inlet pipe 7.

The chamber of the purified liquid is connected to the outlet pipe 12.

One end of the hollow shaft 9, located in the filter housing 1, is made with a closed end, and the other end of the hollow shaft, located outside the filter housing, is made with an open end and is designed to remove impurities.

The input stream of the source liquid is indicated by an arrow “I”, the output stream of a purified liquid is indicated by an arrow “II”, and the discharge stream of contaminants is indicated by an arrow “III”.

In the second embodiment (figure 3), the inlet pipe 7 is installed tangentially with respect to the filter housing 1, made cylindrical.

In the third embodiment (Fig. 4), the filter contains an additional filter baffle 2. In this case, the housing 1 is divided by the filter baffles 2 into the chamber 3 of the initial liquid and two chambers 4 of the purified liquid located symmetrically with respect to the chamber 3 of the initial liquid, the blade of the movable element 8 cleaning is performed with two open sides facing the planes of the filter walls 2.

In the fourth embodiment (Fig. 5), the filter contains an additional filtering partition 2 and an additional cleaning element 8, made in the form of a semi-closed blade. In this case, the housing 1 is divided by filtering partitions 2 into the chamber 3 of the source fluid, the intermediate chamber 13 and the chamber of the purified fluid 4, arranged sequentially above the chamber 3 of the source fluid, and in the side surface of the hollow shaft 9 an additional hole 10 is made, communicating through an additional element 8 of cleaning with intermediate chamber 13.

The filter works as follows.

The source fluid is supplied under pressure through the inlet pipe 7 (arrow "I") into the chamber 3 of the source fluid.

Moreover, in the first, third and fourth design variants (Figs. 1, 4 and 5), initially, the initial liquid enters the annular channel 11 and then into the annular collector formed by tangential partitions 5 and guide slots 6 arranged in a circle with a regular step, in as a result of which its turbulence occurs.

In the second embodiment (Fig. 3), the swirl of the initial liquid is carried out using the inlet pipe 7, which is installed tangentially with respect to the filter housing 1.

Further, in the first and second design variants (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3), the initial liquid enters one filter baffle 2, on which contamination is deposited, and then into the chamber of the purified liquid 4, from which it is supplied to the consumer through the outlet pipe 12 (arrow " II ").

In the third embodiment (Fig. 4), due to the presence of two filter baffles 2 and two chambers 4 of purified liquid located on both sides of the chamber 3 of the initial liquid, the filter capacity is increased. The discharge of the purified liquid is carried out through two outlet pipes (arrows "II").

In the fourth embodiment (Fig. 5), due to the presence of two filter baffles 2 and an intermediate chamber 13 located between the source liquid chamber 3 and the purified liquid chamber 4, the degree of purification of the initial liquid is increased.

At the same time, in all the construction variants, in the chamber of the initial fluid 3 there is a “twisting” of the fluid flow tangentially to the cylindrical surface of the housing 1 (shown by an arrow), and the blade 8 (blades) and the hollow shaft 10 are rotationally driven.

At the contact point of the open cavity of the blade 8 with the filter baffle 2, the direction of fluid flow changes due to the pressure difference in the chamber of the cleaned liquid 4 and the hollow shaft 9 connected through the hole 10 with the cavity of the blade 8. As a result, the contaminants are washed off from the filter baffle 2 and removed from the filter along the hollow shaft 9 (arrow "III").

Thus, in the proposed self-cleaning filter simultaneously with the purification of the source fluid provides a continuous removal of contaminants, which increases the efficiency of the filter.

At the same time, unlike the prototype, a special drive is not required to bring the cleaning elements into rotation, but the energy of the liquid flow is used using the technical means described above (structural elements and their relationships). Thus, the self-cleaning filter eliminates power consumption.

The design of the filter does not contain complex and expensive components and elements that are made of metal and plastic.

Depending on the requirements to the degree of cleaning, both woven material and non-woven type ANP-8P can be used as a material for filtering partitions, providing a nominal filtration fineness of 40 microns.

The device has been tested in the oil purification system in diesel locomotive power plants, has shown high reliability and efficiency in operation and is in serial production.

Information sources

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 1047495, M.cl. B 01 D 29/64, publ. 1983 year

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1493286, M.cl. B 01 D 29/64, publ. 1989 year

3. USSR copyright certificate No. 697148, M.cl. B 01 D 29/64, publ. 1975

Claims (3)

1. Self-cleaning filter, comprising a housing divided by a filter baffle into the chambers of the initial and purified liquids, connected respectively to the inlet and outlet nozzles, a filter baffle cleaning element mounted on a hollow shaft, in the side surface of which a hole is made that communicates with the source chamber through the cleaning element liquid, the cleaning element is made in the form of a semi-closed blade, the open side facing the plane of the filtering partition, and the hole on the side surface of the hollow shaft and made in the place of attachment of the cleaning element with the message of the said hole with a cavity of a semi-closed blade, moreover, one end of the hollow shaft located in the filter housing is made with a closed end, and the other end of the hollow shaft is made with an open end, which allows removal of contaminants, while or the filter contains an annular collector mounted in the housing with the formation of an annular channel between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the annular collector, made with tangential by moles and guide slots located around the circle at regular intervals, or the inlet pipe is installed tangentially with respect to the filter housing, made cylindrical. 2. The self-cleaning filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional filter baffle, the housing is divided by filter baffles into the source fluid chamber and two purified fluid chambers located symmetrically with respect to the source fluid chamber, the blade of the movable cleaning element being made with two open sides facing the planes of the filter walls. 3. The self-cleaning filter according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an additional filtering partition and an additional cleaning element, made in the form of a semi-closed blade, while the housing is divided by filtering partitions into the chamber of the initial liquid, the intermediate chamber and the chamber of the purified liquid located successively above the source fluid chamber, an additional hole is made in the side surface of the hollow shaft, communicating through an additional cleaning element with an intermediate chamber.

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