RU2278822C1 - Automated device for preliminary purification of the fish-processing production waste waters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry; automated devices for the fish-processing production waste waters preliminary purification.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the food-processing industry and may be used for the different enterprises, for example, for the fish industry enterprises for preliminary purification of the waste waters from the suspended substances. The device for preliminary purification of the waste waters includes the settling chamber and the receiving funnel for the pop-up fat mass. The receiving funnel for the pop-up fat mass is made separately and is linked to the settling chamber by the appliance for overspill of the fat mass and is supplied with the system of control over the level of the fat mass. The upper part of the settling chamber is divided by the vertical partitions and is provided with the cover having the built-in fan and the guiding components made in the form of the sheets for distribution of the air stream and also with the outlet pipe made in the form of a taper and mounted at an angle to it. Besides the device is supplied with the auger concluded in the perforated body and linked with the funnel and the lower part of the settling chamber, and also it is equipped with the tanks for collection of the liquid and the dehydrated phases. At that the tank for collection of the liquid phase is connected through the pump with the upper part of the settling chamber. Besides the device is equipped with the control unit, which in compliance with the signals of the detectors measuring the levels of the waste water and the sediment in the settling chamber, the fat mass in the receiving funnel and the liquid phase in the tank exercises the program control by the locking devices and the pump. The technical result of the invention is the increased quality of the preliminary purification, reduction of the additional expenditures of time and the resources for the equipment flushing and utilization of the products of the fish-processing production waste water.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased quality of the preliminary purification, reduction of the additional expenditures of time and the resources for the equipment flushing and utilization of the products of the fish-processing production waste water.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of food industry and can be used for various enterprises, for example, for enterprises of the fishing industry, for pre-treatment of wastewater from suspended solids.

Known vertical sump for the treatment of natural and wastewater (RF patent 2006248, C 02 F 1/40). The sump contains a tank, a cylindrical hollow partition separating the tank into a receiving and settling chamber, a spiral guide, a receiving funnel, a tangential inlet pipe and an annular tray for draining clarified water. The partition is made with windows for supplying fluid to the receiving chamber. The funnel is made with a flanged slot for receiving floating substances. The outer wall of the partition is equipped with an opening for draining floating substances into the funnel. The receiving chamber is equipped with a drain pipe. In an upward rotating flow in a cavity, floating substances float and form a layer, which merges through an opening into a funnel. Partially purified water is poured through the windows into the chamber, where further separation takes place.

This installation has the following disadvantages:

- the installation contains a cylindrical hollow partition and a spiral guide along which wastewater moves, ineffective in the treatment of coarse, grease and protein-containing wastewater, due to intensive clogging of the cavity and the spiral guide with coarse impurities and, as a consequence, the need for frequent washing;

- the installation does not provide for stabilization of the level of wastewater in the settling chamber during volley discharges and a mechanism that facilitates the directional movement of the surfaced substances, which leads to undesirable discharge of liquid simultaneously with the surfaced substances;

- the sediment accumulated in the settling chamber and containing the processed fish products is periodically poured through the pipeline and has high humidity;

- the installation does not allow to separate the sediment and the fat mass into the processed fish products and liquid, does not provide for the possibility of further purification of this liquid phase.

The invention solves the problem of improving the quality of pre-treatment, reducing the additional time and resources for washing equipment and disposing of wastewater products of fish processing industry.

To obtain the desired technical result in the device for pre-treatment of wastewater, including a settling chamber and a receiving funnel for pop-up fat mass, it is proposed to install a level regulator in the settling chamber to stabilize the wastewater level, in the upper part there are two vertical partitions, a cover with an integrated fan and guides elements in the form of plates, a screw for dehydrating grease and sludge, a tank for collecting dehydrated sludge and grease, a tank for collecting liquid phase, connected through the pump with the upper part of the settling chamber. The device is equipped with sensors that measure the levels of wastewater and sludge in the settling chamber, fat mass in the receiving funnel and the liquid phase in the tank. A control unit that carries out programmed control of valves and a pump based on sensor signals. It is proposed to carry out the receiving funnel for the pop-up grease mass separately, connect the grease mass draining device to the settling chamber, equip the grease mass level control system and connect it to the screw by a pipeline. The screw is proposed to be enclosed in a perforated housing and connected to the bottom of the settling chamber, and the outlet pipe for discharging liquid from the settling chamber should be made in the form of a cone and installed at an angle to reduce the rate of water intake at the outlet of the settler, which contributes to the deposition of suspended particles.

The accompanying graphic materials depict: figure 1 - diagram of the claimed installation; figure 2 is a top view. The following notation is adopted on the diagrams: 1 - settling chamber; 2 - vertical partitions; 3 - a cover connected to a settling chamber by a pipe; 4 - receiving funnel for collecting pop-up substances; 5 - fan; 6 - pipeline for the supply of effluents; 7 - pipeline for the disposal of treated wastewater; 8 - auger for transportation and partial dehydration of grease and sediment; 9 - a container for collecting partially dehydrated sludge and fat mass; 10 - capacity for collecting the liquid phase flowing from the screw; 11, 12, 13 - valves; 14 - pipeline for the removal of grease from the receiving funnel into the screw device; 15 - pipeline for supplying the liquid phase from the tank 10 to the settling chamber 1; 16 - pump; 17 - check valve that prevents the discharge of waste water into the tank 10; 18 - wastewater level sensor; 19 - sensor separation of water and sediment; 20 - liquid level sensor; 21 - fat level sensor; 22 - control unit; 23 - guiding elements.

The sump is a parallelepiped-shaped tank, the upper part of which is divided into approximately three parts by two internal vertical partitions 2, through the lower edge of which water is able to flow from the first section of the sump to the second, and through the upper from the second section to the third. The upper part of the sump is closed by a cover 3, which is equipped with a fan 5 and guide elements 23, which are two plates, for uniform distribution of air flows over the entire surface of the settling chamber, and the cover together with the settling chamber 1 forms a closed cavity.

Installation works as follows.

Contaminated drains through pipeline 6 enter the settling chamber 1, where, passing through the maze formed by the wall and two vertical partitions 2, they change the trajectory of their movement. The liquid reduces the speed and is partially freed from large particles and suspended impurities that settle on the bottom of the settling chamber 1 or float, forming a layer of grease mass.

Surfaced substances under the action of the air flow created by the fan 5, which is fed between the cover 3 and the grease mass layer, are directed through the nozzle to the receiving funnel 4. The removal of floating substances is ensured by maintaining a constant level in the settling chamber using the level sensor 18 and control unit 22. B As a level sensor, for example, an SG-25S hydrostatic depth probe is used.

The purified water is removed from the settling chamber 1 through the pipeline 7. To prevent the formation of vortex flows at the outlet of the sump, the liquid discharge pipe is made in the form of a cone and is installed at an angle of, for example, 45 °, which reduces the rate of water intake at the outlet of the sump and promotes deposition suspended particles.

The grease mass is accumulated in the receiving funnel 4. When the receiving funnel is completely filled with grease mass according to the signal of the sensor 21, the control unit 22 opens the valve 11 and the grease mass flows through the pipe 14 into the screw device 8. The degree of filling of the receiving funnel with the grease mass is determined by the signal from the level sensor. As a sensor, for example, a POS 101-371OM sensor relay is used.

The precipitate obtained as a result of cleaning accumulates in the lower narrowed part of the settling chamber 1. When the sediment reaches the set level by the signal of the sensor 19, the control unit 22 opens the valve 13 and the sediment is discharged into the screw device 8. The degree of filling of the settling chamber by the sediment is determined by the signal of the liquid separation sensor phase and sediment. As a section sensor, for example, a POS 101-362IOM sensor relay is used.

Partially dehydrated waste is transported by means of screw 8 to container 9. Liquid flowing through openings in the perforated screw housing 8, obtained as a result of processing grease and sludge, accumulates in tank 10. When tank 10 is completely filled with liquid phase at the signal of sensor 20 and control unit 22, the pump 16 is turned on for the time necessary to supply the liquid phase from the tank 10 through the pipe 15 to the settling chamber 1 for further treatment, and the feed rate of this fluid is consistent with the capacity of the settler. The degree of filling of the tank for collecting the liquid phase is determined by the signal of the level sensor. As a level sensor used, for example, a hydrostatic depth probe type SG-25S.

Claims (1)

An automated device for pretreatment of wastewater from a fish processing industry, including a settling chamber and a receiving funnel for pop-up grease mass, characterized in that the receiving funnel is made separately, connected to the settling chamber by a grease mass draining device and equipped with a grease mass level control system, the upper part of the settling chamber is divided by vertical with partitions and equipped with a cover with a built-in fan and guide elements in the form of plates for air distribution flow, as well as an outlet pipe made in the shape of a cone and mounted to it at an angle, in addition, the device is equipped with a screw enclosed in a perforated housing and connected to a receiving funnel and the lower part of the settling chamber, as well as equipped with containers for collecting liquid and dehydrated phases, while the tank for collecting the liquid phase is connected through the pump to the upper part of the settling chamber, in addition, the device is equipped with a control unit, which, according to the signals of sensors measuring the levels of wastewater and sludge in the settling chamber e, the fat mass in the receiving funnel and the liquid phase in the tank, provides program control of locking devices and the pump.

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