RU2278094C1 - Method for production of polystyrene-concrete foam heat insulating articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building materials, in particular polystyrene-concrete foam articles.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method includes mixture forming in the next component ratio (mass %): Portland cement 81.0; granulated foamed polystyrene 4.0, wherein three parts thereof have granule diameter of 1-2 mm, and one part has granule diameter of 2-3 mm; plasticizing additive 0.5; air-entraining admixture 0.02; and balance: water. For mixture production 2/3 of Portland cement, both additives and 1/2 of tempering water are charged into mixer and agitated for 2-3 min. Foamed polystyrene having granule diameter of 1-2 mm, is added and agitated for 1-2 min; remained cement, foamed polystyrene having granule diameter of 2-3 mm, and remained water are added and agitated for 2-3 min. Mixture is placed into curb, floated and conditioned at 20°C for 8 hours. Finished articles are laid in stacks for storage or hauling.

EFFECT: building articles of increased heat insulating properties, improved constructive characteristics and decreased average density; simplified technology.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials, in particular polystyrene foam (PPS concrete) products with improved thermal insulation properties and structural characteristics.

A known method of manufacturing lightweight PPP concrete products (RF patent No. 2082696), which consists in the fact that in the composition of the mixture containing Portland cement and water, granular polystyrene pre-treated with a surface-active additive is used. Foaming of polystyrene is carried out in a mixture in a fixed volume of the mold while hydrating the cement by heat treatment with hot steam at a temperature of 95-105 ° C.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result for the present invention is a method of manufacturing PPP concrete products (RF patent No. 2223931), the mixture of which includes, wt.%:

Portland cement 68-70; granular foamed polystyrene 3-6; plasticizing additive C-3 (dry matter) 0.1-0.2; air entraining additive - resin saponified wood 0.02-0.1; water rest.

The mixture laid in the formwork is kept at a temperature of 15-35 ° for at least 12 hours. On the obtained PPS concrete product, water is sprayed once every 3 days for 30 days, starting from 8 days after laying the mixture in the formwork.

However, this method of manufacturing PPP concrete has the following disadvantages:

- the use of plasticizing additives C-3 in amounts less than 0.5% (on dry matter) does not significantly affect the improvement of the physicomechanical properties of concrete;

- the use of wood saponified resin in an amount greater than 0.02% (on dry matter), significantly reduces the compressive strength of concrete;

- the use of expanded polystyrene with a diameter of granules of more than 3 mm affects the workability of the mixture and the strength of the products on chipping;

- the need for spraying water on the formed products within 30 days requires the availability of large production areas;

- the disadvantages of this method of manufacturing products include the complication of conditions for automation of the process.

The aim of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the reduction in the percentage of air-entraining additives to 0.02% helps to reduce the average density of PPS concrete with the required strength, thermal conductivity, frost resistance and water resistance.

An increase in the amount of introduced plasticizer C-3 to 0.5% allows to reduce the water-cement ratio. This leads to increased concrete strength.

The introduction of expanded polystyrene with different granule sizes - 3 parts with a diameter of granules of 1-2 mm and 1 part with a diameter of granules of 2-3 mm - allows you to get the optimal mobility of the mixture.

This goal is achieved in that the mixture for the manufacture of PPP concrete products is formed in the following percentage weight of the components:

Portland cement PTs500DO (GOST 10178) 81.0%; granular polystyrene foam (OST 301-05-202-92) 4.0% (three parts of polystyrene are of size granules with a diameter of 1-2 mm and one part - granule size 2-3 mm); plasticizing additive C-3 (TU-2481-001-04815236-97) 0.5%; air entraining additive (TU-81-05-2-78) 0.02%; water rest.

The mixture is prepared in the following sequence: 2/3 parts of Portland cement are loaded into the mixer, both additives with 1/2 part of mixing water are mixed for 2-3 minutes. Foamed polystyrene with a pellet diameter of 1-2 mm is added, mixed for 1-2 minutes, the remaining cement is laid, foamed polystyrene with a pellet diameter of 2-3 mm, the remaining water is added, and mixed for 2-3 minutes. After that, the mixture is placed in the formwork, leveled, incubated at a temperature of 20 ° C for 8 hours.

After this time, finished products can be stacked for storage or transportation. The achievement of the 60% strength value of PPP Concrete, which allows the possibility of shipment and dispatch of finished products to the consumer, occurs three days after removal of the formwork. PPS concrete made by this technology meets the requirements of GOST R 51263-99.

In experimental works, the calculated parameters of the mixture are estimated. The results are presented in table 1: the claimed version of the mixture No. 2, boundary options No. 1 and 3, as well as comparing them with the prototype.

Table 1 Mixture components Mix option number one 2 3 Prototype Portland cement Wt.% The content of the components of the mixture 75-80 81-84 87-90 68-70 Expanded polystyrene 3 four 5 3.6 Plasticizing additive 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.25-0.5 Airborne Additive 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.3-0.7 Water stayed. rest stayed. rest Physical and mechanical characteristics of concrete The average density, kg / m ³ 305 293 412 500 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 0.41 0.53 0.51 0.43

Thus, the technical result of the invention in comparison with the prototype is the acquisition of the proposed expanded polystyrene concrete with new qualities:

- a significant reduction in water-cement ratio;

- the average density of the obtained PPP concrete is 1.5 times less than the average density of the concrete prototype while increasing the compressive strength;

- the simplicity of the formation of the mixture, a shortened cycle of its exposure after laying in the formwork provide a simplification of the automation process

- the presence of good mobility of the mixture provides, together with the homogeneity of the structure of concrete, a small deviation from flatness in geometric dimensions:

length up to 1000 mm - ± 2 mm, over 1000 mm - ± 3 mm;

width up to 500 mm - ± 2 mm, over 500 mm - ± 3 mm;

in height up to 150 mm - ± 2 mm, over 150 mm - ± 3 mm.

The proposed PPP concrete can be successfully used in the construction of self-supporting buildings of all types:

- as a structural thermal insulation material;

- fixed external formwork in monolithic structures (existing voids in products made of PPS concrete are filled with reinforcing cage, and filled with concrete mix);

- heat and sound insulating cladding of building facades and structural elements inside the building (ceilings and coatings) and internal curtain walls;

- products can be operated in all climatic zones without exception.

The manufacture of polystyrene foam concrete products with the indicated qualities is part of the KRAFTSAUN house-building technology being developed at ECOBIM LLC.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing expanded polystyrene concrete insulation products, the molding composition of which contains Portland cement, granular foamed polystyrene, an air-entraining additive, a plasticizing additive, water, in which the calculated amount of these components is supplied in a certain sequence in a certain sequence, mix the mixture for the recommended time, characterized in that the mixture form in the following percentage weight of the components: Portland cement - 81.0%, granular foamed polystyrene - 4.0%, three parts of which have a size of granules with a diameter of 1-2 mm and one part of granules of 2-3 mm, plasticizing additive C-3 - 0.5%, air-entraining additive - 0.02%, water - the rest, the mixture is prepared in the following sequences: 2/3 parts of Portland cement are loaded into the mixer, both additives with 1/2 part of mixing water are mixed for 2-3 minutes, foamed polystyrene with a granule diameter of 1-2 mm is added, mixed for 1-2 minutes, the remaining cement is laid, foamed polystyrene with a diameter of granules of 2-3 mm, add to the rest water, stirred for 2-3 min, the mixture was placed in the formwork, level, kept at a temperature of 20 ° C for 8 hours, complete articles are stacked for storage or for transportation.