RU2276274C1 - Two-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering, two-stroke internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed two-stroke internal combustion engine contains at least one cylinder with cooling jacket, outlet valve, spark plug, piston and cylinder head forming combustion chamber, hydrogen and oxygen source and nozzle with source of pressure for delivering water solution of electrolyte. Hydrogen and oxygen source is made in form of electrolyzer installed in combustion chamber. Electrolyzer is installed with possibility of laying supply wires from dc source to its electrodes and free passing of water solution of electrolyte in straight and reverse direction and products of working process. Direct current passing through water solution of electrolyte decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen. Electrolyzer is made either of metal with holes, or of metal gauze, in form of two cylindrical electrodes-semiunits concentrically into each other with clearance. Pressure source to deliver water solution of electrolyte is made in form of high-pressure pump. Nozzle is furnished with cavitator in form on local narrowing of its channel.

EFFECT: provision of economical and ecologically clean two stroke internal combustion engine.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to internal combustion engines, and can be widely used in engine building.

Known two-stroke internal combustion engine containing a valve-slotted purge device, crank, gas distribution mechanisms and systems - cooling, lubrication, power and ignition, where in the engine cylinder from the start of combustion of the previous portion of the charge to the preparation of the next one revolution of the crankshaft or two strokes of the piston. In this case, air comes from a pressure source, for example, from a supercharger. For food, hydrocarbon fuel is used. / Rytvinsky G.N. Meet the engine. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1993 /. [one].

A disadvantage of the known engine is significant operating costs for hydrocarbon fuel and high toxicity of exhaust gases.

Closest to the proposed invention is an internal combustion engine containing at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, a piston, intake, exhaust valves, spark plug and cylinder head forming a combustion chamber, a fuel oil supply system with air and a hydrogen source with a nozzle his filing. The nozzle is installed next to the spark plugs and through the side channel produces a portion of hydrogen, which ignites the lean mixture. / RF patent No. 2151892, F 02 В 43/10, 06/27/2000 /. [2].

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the design complexity due to the presence of two types of food, including bottled hydrogen, high operating costs for hydrocarbon fuel and high toxicity of exhaust gases.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to create a highly economical and environmentally friendly two-stroke internal combustion engine.

The problem is solved in that in a two-stroke internal combustion engine containing at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, an exhaust valve, a spark plug, a piston and a cylinder head forming a combustion chamber, a source of hydrogen and oxygen and a nozzle with a source of water supply pressure electrolyte solution, according to the invention, the source of hydrogen and oxygen is made in the form of an electrolyzer, with the possibility of supplying power to its electrodes from a direct current source, free passage through it in direct and the reverse direction of the aqueous electrolyte solution and the products of the working process and the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, when a constant electric current flows through the aqueous electrolyte solution installed in the combustion chamber. In this case, the electrolyzer can be made either of metal with holes, or of a metal mesh in the form of two cylindrical half-block electrodes, concentric with their elements and with a gap that fit into each other. The pressure source of the aqueous electrolyte solution may be in the form of a high pressure pump, for example a plunger. The nozzle can be made with a cavitator, for example, in the form of a local narrowing of its channel.

In the drawing, explaining the invention, shows a schematic section of the proposed engine.

An example of the implementation of the proposed solution.

A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprises at least one cylinder 1 with a cooling jacket (not shown), for example, a liquid, exhaust valve 2, a spark plug 3, a piston 4 and a cylinder head 5 forming a combustion chamber 6, a high pressure pump 7 and an injector 8 with a cavitator (not shown) in the form of a local narrowing of the channel, designed to supply an aqueous solution of electrolyte into the cylinder. The engine contains a source of hydrogen and oxygen, made in the form of an electrolyzer 9, with the possibility of supplying power to its electrodes from a direct current source, for example, from a battery 10, free passage through it in the forward and reverse direction of an aqueous electrolyte solution and products of the working process and water decomposition hydrogen and oxygen, when a constant electric current flows through an aqueous electrolyte solution installed in the combustion chamber. Moreover, the electrolyzer is made either of metal with holes, for example of nickel sheet, or of a metal mesh, for example of nickel, in the form of two cylindrical electrodes-semiblocks 11 and 12, with their elements 13 concentrically and with a gap 14 that fit into each other. In the electrolyte tank 15 is stored an aqueous solution of an electrolyte, for example an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide.

A two-stroke internal combustion engine operates as follows.

Before starting work, the electrolyte tank 15 is charged with an aqueous electrolyte solution, for example, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and a direct current is supplied to the electrolyzer 9, for example, from the battery 10. The first step is the formation of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture and compression. The piston 4 from the BDC moves to the TDC. Exhaust valve 2 closes. A high pressure pump 7, for example a plunger, takes a cyclic dose of an aqueous electrolyte solution from an electrolyte tank 15 and injects it through a nozzle 8 with a cavitator in the form of a local narrowing of the channel into cylinder 1, where an electrolyzer 9 is installed in combustion chamber 6. The speed increases in the cavitator of nozzle 8 the injected aqueous electrolyte solution and the pressure will drop, which leads to the dissociation of water and the finest atomization of the aqueous electrolyte solution. Then, in the electrolytic cell 9, a constant electric current flows through a sprayed aqueous electrolyte solution, supplied, for example, from the battery 10 to the half-electrodes 11 and 12. This leads to electrolysis - decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen, and compression cycle occurs in cylinder 1 . The second step is the working stroke and the release of spent products. The spark plug 3 ignites the working mixture in the combustion chamber 6 with an electric spark. The expanding combustion products of the working mixture in the forward and reverse direction pass through the half-electrodes 11 and 12 of the electrolyzer 9, made, for example, of nickel mesh. Piston 4 from TDC moves to BDC - a working stroke occurs. When the piston 4 approaches the BDC, the exhaust valve 2 opens, and the exhaust products are released into the atmosphere, and the cycles are repeated. In this case, the electrolyzer 9 is cooled, for example, by a liquid cooling jacket of the cylinder 1 and an injected cyclic dose of an aqueous electrolyte solution.

The proposed two-stroke internal combustion engine in operation is economical and environmentally friendly. It will be widely used as a power plant for various vehicles.

Claims (4)

1. A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, an exhaust valve, a spark plug, a piston and a cylinder head forming a combustion chamber, a hydrogen and oxygen source and a nozzle with a pressure source for supplying an aqueous electrolyte solution, characterized in that the source of hydrogen and oxygen is made in the form of an electrolytic cell with the possibility of supplying power to its electrodes from a direct current source, free passage through it in the forward and reverse directions of the aqueous solution pa electrolyte and workflow products and the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen at a flow of direct electrical current through the aqueous electrolyte solution is set in the combustion chamber. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolyzer is made of either metal with holes or a metal mesh in the form of two cylindrical half-block electrodes, concentric with their elements and with a gap that fit into each other. 3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure source of the aqueous electrolyte solution is made in the form of a high pressure pump. 4. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle is made with a cavitator in the form of local narrowing of its channel.