RU2275715C2 - Device for checking specific gravity of acid-battery electrolyte - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering; remote in-service check of storage battery for condition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has cell plug body with emitter and detector built therein. Cell plug body accommodates lead weight, rubber valve preventing escape of electrolyte during aircraft evolutions, and conductors running from emitter and detector. Depth of plug immersion in electrolyte is adjusted by means of lock-nut that holds down insulating gasket. Plug is turned into cell case. Separator is used to prevent ingress of foreign objects in cell. Device also has standard-pulse generator, unit for measuring arriving signal, comparison unit that functions to compare standard signal with that obtained. Converter and display are used, respectively, to convert and display error signal.

EFFECT: enhanced precision of check and improved design of electrolyte specific gravity measuring transducer.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the electrical industry and can be used in various sectors of the economy for remote monitoring of the state of the batteries during operation, for example, in the batteries of aircraft.

A device for monitoring the state of the battery, consisting of a housing, inside of which are located the electrodes, valves to prevent spillage of the electrolyte, a thermistor to eliminate temperature error. The device measures the density of the electrolyte and the electrolyte level by reducing the resistance on carbon electrodes lowered into the electrolyte. The decrease in resistance is proportional to the capacity of the battery (see Avt. St. USSR No. 1308127 of 1987).

The disadvantage of this device is that the density of the electrolyte is not measured accurately. A stabilized source powers the AC bridge. Carbon electrodes are connected to one of the diagonals, a drop in resistance on which signals a change in the density of the electrolyte. The imbalance of the bridge is regulated by a potentiometer.

The objective of the invention is to improve the accuracy of monitoring the electrolyte density of an acid battery and the creation of an improved sensor for measuring electrolyte density.

Recall that during the propagation of oscillations in a medium, a phase shift occurs.

The propagation velocity of oscillations in an elastic medium is called the phase velocity of the wave.

Since the phase velocity υ in an isotropic medium is constant, it can be found by dividing the phase displacement of the wave by the time during which it occurs. Since during the time T the phase of the wave moves to a distance λ, then

Since T = 1 / ν, we have

It is established that the phase velocity is determined only by the physical properties of the medium and its state. Therefore, mechanical waves with different oscillation frequencies in a given medium propagate at the same speed (note that this is true only for a not very large difference in the oscillation frequency).

Thus, a specific vibration frequency ν in a given medium corresponds to a single value of the wavelength λ. Moreover, as can be seen from the last formula, shorter waves in the medium correspond to a higher frequency. This makes it possible to characterize waves in a medium not by the frequency (period) of particle oscillations in them, but by the wavelength λ. It must be remembered that when a wave passes from one medium to another, the frequency ν and the oscillation period T of the particles in it remain constant, and the wavelength λ changes in proportion to the change in velocity υ. So, to characterize the waves by their length is possible only when all the compared waves propagate in the same medium (see LS Zhdanov, “Physics for Secondary Specialized Institutions,” Moscow: Nauka, 1984, p. 280).

Thus, if two devices are placed in the medium (in this case, an electrolyte), one of which is a radiator of mechanical vibrations of a stable frequency, wavelength and period, and the other is a receiver measuring the wavelength, and then compare the radiated wavelength and the received one, then we obtain a value proportional to the density of the medium.

The solution to this problem is achieved in that the electrolyte density control device comprises a stable frequency generator, a measurement circuit, a conversion device, a density indicator and a sensor.

The drawing shows a device for monitoring the density of the electrolyte of the battery. The sensor consists of a plug housing (1) of the battery, in which a transmitter (8) and a receiver (10) are mounted. Inside the case of the battery plug (hereinafter simply plugs) is a lead weight (2), a rubber valve (9) that prevents the electrolyte from spilling out during the evolution of the aircraft and live wires from the emitter and receiver. To adjust the immersion of the plug in the electrolyte (6), a lock nut (3) is used, pressing the sealing gasket (4). The plug is screwed into the battery housing (5). To prevent foreign objects from entering the battery, a separator (grid) is used (7).

With this device, the electrolyte density is determined as follows. Instead of the usual industrial plug, the proposed sensor is screwed into the battery housing (1) to the depth when the emitter (8) and receiver (10) are completely immersed in the electrolyte (6). When immersing the emitter (8) and the receiver (10) of the electrolyte, the plug (1) is fixed with a lock nut (3) and the density measurement system is turned on. A generator (11) begins to generate pulses of a stable frequency. The emitter (8) converts them into mechanical vibrations, forming disturbances of a stable wavelength. These disturbances are perceived by the receiver (10). Depending on the density of the electrolyte, the wavelength perceived by the receiver (10) will be different from that emitted. The signal from the receiver will go to the measuring device (12), and then to the comparison device (13). At the same time, the same pulses from the generator (11) as to the emitter (8) will arrive at the comparison device (13). In the comparison device (13), these two signals are compared and the error signal is supplied to the conversion device (14), where it is converted into a form convenient for display on the indicator (15). The indicator (15) displays information proportional to the electrolyte density of the battery.

Thus, using the density control device, it is possible to automatically control the density of the electrolyte at any time at a high level with sufficiently high accuracy in any operating conditions of the battery.

Claims (1)

A device for monitoring the electrolyte density of an acid battery containing a plug housing with a valve placed to prevent spillage of electrolyte, characterized in that a transmitter and a receiver are mounted inside the plug body, a lock nut is pressed on top of the plug, pressing the sealing gasket, and the control device further comprises a model pulse generator, a device comparisons, conversion and indication device.