RU2271900C1 - Round cross section blank cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: storage and preparation procedures in machine engineering and metallurgical plants, namely cutting apparatuses.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus includes two cutters mounted in guides with possibility of simultaneous mutually opposite plane-parallel motion. Each cutter has dent arranged along its length at side of reciprocal cutter. Plane of each dent is inclined relative to its supporting edge by angle equal to and opposite to inclination angle of cutting edge of respective cutter. One cutter has two parts, pressing and cutting ones. Both parts of said cutter are mutually abutted by means of guiding pins and adjusting screw. Cutting part of cutter is mounted with possibility of horizontal motion by means of adjusting screw and elastic members. The last are mounted on said guiding pins and screw in cavity restricted by dent and groove opposite to it and formed respectively in adjoining surfaces.

EFFECT: enlarged manufacturing possibilities of apparatus, improved quality of cut surface.

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Description

The invention relates to the procurement of engineering and metallurgical enterprises, in particular to cutting devices.

A device for cutting round billets containing two flat knives installed in the guides with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, the cutting edge of each knife is inclined to its opposite supporting edge at an acute angle, while the cutting edges of both knives are inclined to one side [1] .

Used in the specified device, an open cutting scheme, which in the absence of bar clamps and cut off from it parts does not allow to obtain high-quality workpieces. The lack of adjustment and adjustment of the axial clearance between the knives also adversely affects the quality and technological capabilities of the device.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect to the proposed invention is a device for cutting billets of circular cross section, containing two knives mounted in rails with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, each of the knives is made with a protrusion located along its length from the side of the reciprocal knife, the plane of each protrusion is inclined at an angle equal to and opposite to the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife relative to its supporting edge [2].

This device implements an incompletely closed cutting scheme with an active transverse clamp, which makes it possible to obtain cut billets with a high-quality cutting surface, but the lack of adjustment of the axial clearance between the knives limits the range of cut rods in diameter and grade of material. To obtain good quality of the ends at different diameters and grades of the bar material being cut, it is important to ensure the constancy of the relative axial clearance z _o = z _oc / d (where z _oc is the axial clearance between the knives, d is the diameter of the cut workpiece) over the entire cross section of the cut bar [3] .

The task of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, namely the expansion of the technological capabilities of the device for cutting workpieces and improving the quality of the cut surface.

The problem is achieved in that in the known device for cutting billets of circular cross section, containing two knives installed in the rails with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, where each of the knives is made with a protrusion located along its length from the side of the reciprocal knife, while the plane of each the protrusion is inclined at an angle equal to and opposite to the angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife relative to its supporting edge, according to the invention, one of The blades are made in the form of two parts, a cutting and a clamping one, which are joined together by means of guide fingers and an adjusting screw, while the cutting part of the knife is mounted to move in the horizontal direction due to the adjusting screw and elastic elements mounted on the said fingers and the screw in the cavity formed by a protrusion and a groove opposite it, made on adjacent planes.

The fact that one of the knives is made in the form of two parts, cutting and pressing, which are joined together by means of guide fingers and an adjusting screw, while the cutting part of the knife is mounted to move in the horizontal direction due to the adjusting screw and elastic elements mounted on the aforementioned fingers and screw in the cavity formed by the protrusion and the groove opposite it, made on adjacent planes, allows you to adjust the necessary axial clearance between the cutting edges of the upper and bottom knives, depending on the brand and diameter of the initial bar and to maintain the constancy of the relative axial clearance Z _o over the entire cross section of the bar being cut, thereby expanding the technological capabilities of the device due to the ability to cut bars of different diameters and grades of material on one device, to obtain dimensional blanks with high geometric precision end surfaces.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the device as a whole; figure 2 is a section aa; figure 3 - cross section BB at zero clearance between the cutting edges of the knives; figure 4 - section bB with a gap z between the cutting edges of the knives.

A device for cutting round billets contains a drive (not shown) connected to knives installed in the guides 1. One of the knives 2, for example, the upper one, consists of clamping 3 and cutting parts 4, which have respectively a clamping plane 5 and a cutting edge 6, the lower knife 7 with the clamping plane 8 and the cutting edge 9. The angle of inclination of the clamping planes α ₁ is equal to the angle of inclination of the cutting edges of the knives α ₂ and is directed in the opposite direction. Parts 3 and 4 of the upper knife are joined together by means of the fingers 10 and the adjusting screw 11 with the possibility of moving the cutting part 4 in the horizontal direction. On the mentioned fingers 10 and the adjusting screw 11 mounted elastic elements 12 in the cavity B, formed by the protrusion 13 and the opposite groove 14, made on adjacent planes 15 and 16, respectively. 17 - cut bar.

The device operates as follows.

Before starting the cutting of the bar 17, depending on its diameter and grade of material, the necessary value of the axial clearance z between the cutting edges 6 and 9 of the upper 2 and lower 7 knives is adjusted. To increase the gap z, the adjusting screw 11 is unscrewed, while the elastic elements 12 mounted on the guide pins 10 and the adjusting screw 11 in the cavity B formed by the protrusion 13 and the opposite groove 14, made on adjacent planes 15 and 16, respectively, are unclenched and move the movable cutting part 4 of the upper knife 2 to the right. To reduce the clearance z, the reverse operation is performed - the adjusting screw 11 is tightened while moving the movable cutting part 4 of the upper knife to the left, up to the zero clearance value z (Fig. 3). The elastic elements 12 are elastically deformed. After setting up the device, the bar 17 is fed to the desired value in the target between the divorced knives. Before starting the cutting, the upper knife, consisting of two joined parts, cutting 4 and clamping 3, is in the extreme right position, the lower knife 7 is in the far left. After the bar is fed, the drive is turned on, which tells the counterclockwise movement of the knives in the horizontal direction along the guides 1. The knives, rotating the bar 17, are gradually introduced into it, until the cutting part is separated, the clamping planes 5, 8 carry out a rigid clamp of the bar throughout the entire cutting process and parts cut off from it. After cutting, the knives return to their original position.

The developed device was tested on one of the pilot industrial designs of scissors designed for cutting rods of steel and alloys with a diameter of up to 40 ... 50 mm with σ _in up to 1100 MPa, as well as non-ferrous metals. The device contains a hydraulic actuator with a working fluid pressure of 32 MPa and has the following overall dimensions: in the plan - 425 × 340 mm, height - 1070 mm. Cutting speed up to 0.02 ... 0.025 m / s, the angle of inclination of the cutting and clamping planes is five degrees. The upper knife was made in the form of two parts joined together by means of two guide fingers with a diameter of 6 mm and an adjusting screw with a threaded part on the M6. Dimensions of the upper knife in docked form 150 × 60 mm. The width of the groove and its corresponding protrusion is 30 mm. The depth of the closed cavity formed by the protrusion and groove was 10 mm. Ring bushings made of polyurethane SKU-7L brand with a height of 15 mm and an outer diameter of 25 mm were used as elastic elements. The device ensured the adjustment of the axial clearance between the knives and maintaining the constancy of its value relative to the cut diameter of the bar, which allowed to obtain dimensional blanks with high geometric accuracy of the end parts.

The proposed device is advisable to use when cutting bars of circular cross section into measured billets in the procurement industries of metallurgical and engineering enterprises, as well as in mechanical repair shops.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR №515598. A device for cutting round billets. B 23 D 15/02. Publ. BI No. 20, 05.30.76.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1355379. A device for cutting round billets. B 23 D 15/02. Publ. BI No. 44, 11.30.87.

3. Solovtsov S.S. Improving the cutting of bars into billets. - Forging and stamping production, 1980, No. 3, p.3-7.

Claims (1)

A device for cutting round billets containing two knives installed in rails with the possibility of simultaneous oncoming plane-parallel movement, each of the knives is made with a protrusion located along its length from the side of the reciprocal knife, while the plane of each protrusion is inclined at an angle equal to and opposite directed angle of inclination of the cutting edge of the corresponding knife relative to its supporting edge, characterized in that one of the knives is made in the form of two parts, cutting and clamping, to The others are joined together by means of guide fingers and an adjusting screw, while the cutting part of the knife is mounted for horizontal movement by means of an adjusting screw and elastic elements mounted on said fingers and a screw in a cavity formed by a protrusion and an opposite groove made on adjacent planes.

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