RU2271668C2 - Tenderer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: tenderer has charging hopper, guides, cutter units with disk-type toothed knives, regulating linkage mechanism, drive engine, bearing supports with stepped shafts, and chain transmission. Guides are made in the form of curved plates facing each other with their discharge sides and equipped with windows for disk-type knives secured by means of nuts on hexagonal shaft. In each of cutter units connected through chain transmission to drive engine, adjustable cutter unit is connected with lever of adjusting mechanism spring-loaded by means of set of plate-like springs arranged along stem equipped with thread on which nut of regulating linkage mechanism is disposed. Nuts of cutter units are inserted into apertures of stepped shafts.

EFFECT: simplified construction, enhanced reliability in operation, wider operational capabilities and improved quality of processed product.

6 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the food industry and can be used in the preparation of cooked meat products to improve the organoleptic properties of meat products with additional binding properties between muscle tissues.

A tenderizer is known that contains a loading hopper, a basket located beneath it, circular gear knives fixed sequentially with uniform pitch in the knife blocks on parallel shafts kinematically connected by a gear transmission with a drive motor with the possibility of counter rotation (1).

The disadvantages of this tenderizer are the limited functionality, design complexity, low productivity, low processing quality, low durability.

Also known is a tenderizer containing a loading hopper, circular gear knives fixed with nuts with an even pitch in the knife blocks on the hexagonal shafts connected to the drive motor with the possibility of counter rotation (2).

The disadvantages of this tenderizator are the narrowness of functionality, design complexity, low productivity.

An object of the invention is the creation of an effective tenderizer, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of tenderizers.

The technical result that ensures the solution of the problem lies in the fact that the design of the tenderizer is simplified in terms of the kinematic connection of the knife blocks with the drive motor, and also due to the symmetrical shape of the teeth of the disk knives, the reliability is increased due to the possibility of elastic displacement of one of the knife blocks when passing solid body and reduce torque on the shafts, expanded functionality in relation to the size and degree of preparedness of processed meat products and distance ence between the blade unit, the processing quality is increased by increasing the duration of contact material to be cut with a knife at different rotational speeds of the cutter blocks, simplified assembly and disassembly technology equipment for its washing and technology change the position of the adjustable blade unit.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the tenderizer comprises a loading hopper, guides, adjustable and unregulated knife blocks with circular gear knives, a spring-loaded lever-link mechanism, a drive motor, bearing bearings with stepped shafts located at the edges of the knife blocks, and a chain transmission, moreover, the guides are made in the form of two curved plates installed counter-convex sides and having in the middle of the window for circular gear knives, which are fixed by two nuts on a hexagonal shaft in each of the knife blocks connected by a chain drive with a drive motor and installed along the concave sides of the said rails with the formation of a longitudinal gap between the knife blocks, of which the adjustable knife block is connected to the lever of the regulating mechanism, spring-loaded with a set of Belleville springs placed along the stem made with a thread on which the nut of the link of the control mechanism is installed, while the nuts of each of the knife blocks are inserted into the holes of the step ies shafts, one of which is mounted for axial displacement, and the other one of the fixed Stars chain transfer performed with a different number of teeth.

Preferably, the circular knives are mounted on parallel hexagonal shafts with uniform pitch, while the adjustable knife block is made with the number of circular knives, one less than the number of circular knives of an unregulated knife block, and the teeth of the circular knives are trapezoidal and symmetrical and placed uniformly around the circumference with an angular pitch 13 ° ± 0.5 °.

In addition, circular knives are installed in each block with their teeth forming helical lines, of which the helix on the unregulated knife block is right and the adjustable one is left, while the knives of each block are offset between the adjacent knives of the other block, and the guides are made in the form of symmetrically mounted plates, bent at an obtuse angle.

At the same time, the linkage mechanism is spring-loaded with a set of 55 ± 1 disk springs, the chain drive is double-row, with a double sprocket on the drive motor shaft, with twin sprockets connected by stepped shafts with knife block shafts, and with a double tension sprocket mounted on a spring-loaded swing lever wherein the hexagonal shaft of the adjustable knife block is connected to a twin sprocket having in each row two teeth less than the twin sprocket associated with the hex m shaft unregulated blade unit.

In the drawings of Fig. 1, a tenderizer is shown, a general view in axonometric (volumetric) projection, in Fig. 2 is a section through a linkage mechanism, in Fig. 3 is a section B-B in Fig. 2, in Fig. 4 is a chain diagram transmission, in Fig. 5 is a section G-G in Fig. 4, in Fig. 6 is a diagram of the installation of knife blocks and guides, in Fig. 7 is a basket in axonometric (volumetric) projection, in Fig. 8 is a diagram of an assembly of a knife block in axonometric (volumetric) projection, Fig. 9 shows the design of the spring support of the linkage mechanism.

The tenderizer comprises a loading hopper 1, a basket 2 located underneath with two longitudinal guides 3, 4 for the processed product, made in the form of plates bent at an obtuse angle (i.e., at an angle greater than 90 °). The guides 3, 4 are installed symmetrically opposite convex sides and have in the middle part parallel windows (or slots) 5 for circular toothed knives 6. Knives 6 are fixed sequentially with an even pitch in adjustable and unregulated knife blocks 7, 8 on parallel hexagonal shafts 9, 10 respectively. Block 7 is adjustable in the sense of being able to adjust its position and spring-loaded force. The shafts 9, 10 are kinematically coupled by a two-row chain transmission with a drive motor 11 with the possibility of counter rotation and are installed along the concave sides of the said guides 3, 4 with the formation of a longitudinal gap between the knife blocks 7, 8. The knives 6 of the latter protrude into the gap between the guides 3, 4 through windows 5. The adjustable unit 7 is equipped with a spring-loaded lever-link control mechanism for adjusting the gap between the knife blocks 7, 8 and the interaction force with the processed product, moreover, an adjustable knife block 7 is made with the number of circular knives 6 equal to 55, i.e. by one less than the number of circular knives 6 of an unregulated knife block 8, equal to 56. The teeth 12 of the circular knives 6 are made trapezoidal, radially directed and placed around a circle with an angular pitch of 13 ° ± 0.5 °. Knives 6 of each of blocks 7 and 8 are offset by half the gap between adjacent knives 6, i.e. knives 6 blocks 7, 8 rotate in different planes. The shaft 9 of the adjustable knife block 7 is kinematically connected with a drive sprocket 13 of a chain transmission having a number of teeth equal to seventeen, i.e. two less than the sprocket 14, having nineteen teeth and kinematically connected with the shaft 10 of the unregulated knife block 8. The basket 2 is made with two grooves 15 in the end walls and with latches 16 for adjusting the relative position of the guides 3, 4. The teeth 12 are located with the specified with an angular pitch, therefore, the circular knives 6 on the hexagonal shaft (having faces located at an angle of 60 °) are installed with their teeth 12 (and depressions between them) helical lines, and the helical line on the unregulated block of 8 knives is right, and on the adjustable Block 7 is left. Between the knives 6 on the shafts 9,10 are the same metal rings (not marked).

The drive motor 11 is made in the form of a gear motor with an asterisk 17 on the shaft. The chain transmission is double-row, while the aforementioned sprockets 13, 14, 17 and the tension sprocket 18 mounted on the spring-loaded rotary axis 19 are made double.

The linkage mechanism is spring-loaded with a set of Belleville springs 20 mounted around a threaded rod 21 with a stop 22 at the lower end. On the threaded part of the rod 21, an adjusting nut 23 and a nut 24 of the link of the link-link mechanism are installed. The linkage mechanism is made double, i.e. its levers connected to the intermediate shaft 25 are paired. The shafts 9, 10 have paired hexagonal nuts 26 with a left-hand thread and nuts 27 with a right-hand thread, tightening knives 6. The nuts 26, 27 are located in the hexagonal mating holes of the stepped shafts 28-31 installed in the double bearing bearings (not marked). Shafts 28, 30 are mounted axially displaceable. The bolts 32, 33 are designed to control the location of the knives 6 of the block 7 relative to the knives 6 of the block 8 along the axes of the shafts 9, 10.

The case of the tenderizer is made with doors and is equipped with a locking device, which is controlled by a sensor in the form of a reed switch, to turn off the rotating parts when the doors are open (not shown).

Knives 6, case, loading hopper 1, guides 3, 4 are made of stainless steel.

The bearing bearings of the shafts 28, 30 are closed by covers 34, 35.

The tenderizer works as follows.

In the loading hopper 1 put the product to be processed, which is usually a piece of meat. Then the product is pushed until it falls between the rails 3, 4. The product, falling under its own weight, enters the space between the rotating knives 6 of blocks 7, 8. Here it comes into contact with the teeth of 12 knives 6, i.e. Actually saber tendering. Tenderization is carried out by knives 6 along a helical line and serves to ensure a natural connection between muscle tissues.

During operation, two knife blocks 7, 8, when counter-rotating, cut into a depth, preferably 0.5-1 cm, of the product coming from the loading hopper 1. Due to the different number of teeth of the sprockets 13, 14, the rotation of blocks 7, 8 occurs at different speeds, those. alternately mounted knives 6 from different sides of the product have different speeds and slip relative to each other in the processed products, the tendering efficiency thereby increases. Different direction of thread of nuts 26, 27 excludes their make-up during counter rotation. The distance between the knife blocks 7, 8 and the guides 3, 4 is set with a nut 24 when the rod 21 is rotated, depending on the size of the product, while providing the specified pressure force and depth of processing. To change the position of the adjustable knife block 7, the rod 21 is rotated, clockwise - to increase the distance, counterclockwise - to approach the blocks 7, 8. The gap between the guides 3, 4 is changed by moving along the grooves 15 with the fixation by the latches 16. The presence of the guides 3, 4 eliminates the twisting of the product with knife blocks 7, 8.

By screwing in / out bolts 32, 33, the relative position of the knives 6 of blocks 7, 8 is adjusted so that each knife 6 of one block rotates in a plane passing in the middle of the gap between adjacent knives 6 of another block. The change in the force of the set of springs 20 is made by rotating the nut 23 along the stem 21, clockwise to compress the springs 20, counterclockwise to loosen it. A two-row chain transmission reduces the dimensions of the tenderizator and torque on the shafts 28-31.

The force of the set of springs 20 determines the resistance to the passage of solid inclusions - accidentally dropped bones, etc. At the same time, block 7 has the ability, compressing the springs 20 through the linkage mechanism, to temporarily shift and pass a solid object, and then return to its working position. Thus, the likelihood of failure of the tender is increased, i.e. its reliability.

Washing of the working bodies of the tenderizer is carried out after each work shift to exclude the multiplication of microorganisms. For washing, blocks 7, 8 of knives 6 and guides 3, 4 are removed from the housing. When dismantling blocks 7, 8, covers 34, 35 are removed, bearing supports with shafts 28, 30 are shifted (to the left in FIG. 3). Thereby, nuts 26, 27 are released and blocks 7, 8 can be removed for washing. The rational design of the tenderizer in terms of dismantling blocks 7, 8 makes it easy to comply with sanitary standards established for food processing equipment.

If necessary (for a one-sided incision of the product with the skin), the knife block 8 may not have knives 6 with teeth 12, i.e. replaced by a cylindrical shaft (not shown).

Good binding properties are ensured by the maximum contact surface of the product obtained by notching it with knives 6, due to the release of intracellular proteins. At the same time, the meat tissue is loosened, which contributes to better retention of the liquid inside the meat and makes the final product more tender. For example, the carbonization of carbonade increases brine retention and product yield by 1-2%.

Tenderization reduces shrinkage during cooking and increases the yield, contributes to an even distribution of brine and spices throughout the product.

The parameters of the tenderizer developed in accordance with the present invention are as follows.

Overall dimensions, mm - 1100 × 900 × 1700 The length of the loading window of the hopper 1, mm - 400 Depth of cutting knives, mm - up to 30 Productivity, kg / h - up to 5000 Power consumption kW - 1.5 Weight kg - 250

Thus, an effective tenderizer was created, and the arsenal of tenderizers was expanded.

At the same time, the design of the tenderizer in terms of the kinematic connection of the knife blocks with the drive motor is simplified and due to the symmetrical shape of the teeth of the disk knives, the reliability is increased due to the possibility of elastic displacement of one of the knife blocks during the passage of a solid body and the reduction of torque on the shafts, the functionality has been expanded the size and degree of preparedness of processed meat products and the distance between the knife blocks, the quality of processing is increased due to the increase in length elnosti contact material to be cut with a knife at different rotational speeds of the cutter blocks, simplified assembly and disassembly to wash technology equipment, as well as interaction with regulation technology treated product due to the force of the springs and the position of the adjustable blade unit.

Information sources

1. US No. 3716893, 1973.

2. US No. 4660252, 1987 (prototype).

Claims (6)

1. A tenderizer comprising a loading hopper, guides, adjustable and unregulated knife blocks with circular gear knives, a spring-loaded link-link control mechanism, a drive motor, bearing bearings with stepped shafts located at the edges of the knife blocks, and a chain transmission, the guides being made into in the form of two curved plates installed by the counter-convex sides and having in the middle part of the window for circular gear knives, which are fixed by two nuts on a hexagonal shaft in each ohm from knife blocks connected by a chain drive with a drive motor and installed along the concave sides of the said rails with the formation of a longitudinal gap between the knife blocks, of which the adjustable knife block is connected to the lever of the regulating mechanism, spring-loaded with a set of Belleville springs placed along the rod made with thread, on which the nut of the link of the control mechanism is installed, while the nuts of each of the knife blocks are inserted into the holes of the stepped shafts, one of which is installed ax with the possibility of axial displacement, and on the other one of the chain drive sprockets is made, made with a different number of teeth. 2. The tenderizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk knives are mounted on parallel hexagonal shafts with uniform pitch, while the adjustable knife block is made with the number of disk knives, one less than the number of disk knives of an unregulated knife block, and the teeth of the disk knives are made trapezoidal and symmetrical and placed evenly around the circle with an angular pitch of 13 ° ± 0.5 °. 3. The tenderizer according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the circular knives are installed in each block with their teeth forming helical lines, of which the helical line on the unregulated knife block is right and the adjustable one is left, and the knives of each block offset in the gap between adjacent knives of another block, and the guides are made in the form of symmetrically mounted plates, bent at an obtuse angle. 4. Tenderizer according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the linkage mechanism is spring-loaded with a set of 55 ± 1 disk springs. 5. Tenderizer according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the chain drive is double-row with a double sprocket on the shaft of the drive motor, with twin sprockets connected by stepped shafts with the shaft of the knife blocks, and with a double tension sprocket mounted on a spring-loaded rotary lever. 6. The tenderizer according to claim 5, characterized in that the hexagonal shaft of the adjustable knife block is connected to a double sprocket having in each row two teeth less than the double sprocket connected to the hexagonal shaft of an unregulated knife block.

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