RU227163U1 - Connection unit for vertical and horizontal frame elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a unit for connecting vertical and horizontal frame elements. The junction of vertical and horizontal frame elements contains vertical frame elements and horizontal frame elements. All frame elements are made of wood. The vertical elements are overlapped along the cut out ends, each of which is made with two bevels on the side edges. In the central connection area there is an installation hole for fastening to a pair of horizontal frame elements. Each of the horizontal elements is made with tongues cut “in half a tree” on the end parts. The horizontal elements are connected to each other and to the vertical frame elements in the installation hole by means of tongues secured at the ends with screw fasteners. The technical result is to simplify the assembly of the unit. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to construction, in particular to wooden housing construction using frame elements - beams and boards.

There are a number of types of technology for joining wood parts along the length (splicing): end-to-end, miter, toothed and stepped.

The most durable is the adhesive joint on a toothed wedge tenon, used for splicing bars of windows, doors and other building elements. This is explained by the manufacturability of such a connection, relatively small losses of wood when cutting toothed tenons, and the convenience of mechanization and automation of the splicing process. On average, the strength of such bars is: in tension along the grain 45-60%, in static bending 55-70%, in compression along the grain 80-95% compared to the strength of bars made from healthy solid wood. Splicing along the length with a toothed tenon is recommended for lumber in the thickness range of 19-85 mm [Prokhorov V.A. Equipment for gluing and assembly works. M., Lesn. industry, 1966, p. 66-69]

There is a known unit for the angular connection of elements “in half a tree” on dowels in the crowns of wooden block walls of a building, which includes an element of one direction with an upper cut out end part and an element of another direction with a lower cut out end part with the formation of upper and lower end faces, respectively, offset from the end of each element and lateral internal and external edges with vertical dimensions that are smaller than the vertical dimensions of the lateral edges in the middle part of each beam, characterized in that at least one protrusion is made on the offset end faces of each element, and on the adjacent internal lateral edges of adjacent elements, corresponding ones are cut out the indicated protrusions have grooves having shapes that coincide with the shapes of the protrusions (analogue - RF patent No. 93831 dated December 30, 2009, IPC E04B 1/21 (2006.01) E04B 1/38 (2006.01), 2010).

The disadvantage of the known design is the limited scope of application of this design - for connecting wooden block walls of a building at the crowns, that is, for timber located in a horizontal plane. This solution cannot be used when creating a vertical frame. A vertical frame assembled on the basis of such a connection between beams experiences higher loads, for example, wind loads, on the keys and adjacent ends and edges of the elements, and does not have sufficient rigidity and strength to absorb them.

A corner connection unit is known, containing wooden elements with cut-out end parts to form offset end faces, each of which has a protrusion, and a dowel that fastens these elements. When connecting, the wooden elements are located at an angle of more than 90°, but less than 180°, and the ends of the elements have projections and depressions corresponding to the depressions and projections made along a curved line on the offset end faces, and the dowel is located in the central zone of the connection (see RF patent No. 165765, IPC E04B 1/38 (2006.01), 2016).

The disadvantage of this solution is the impossibility of using it for splicing beams in length, as well as the complexity of the technology for manufacturing protrusions and recesses at offset ends.

It is known to join along the length of sections of logs and beams for house-building parts due to the joining surfaces created at the ends of the joined sections in the form of a wedge-toothed tenon joint, followed by their joining with glue, the formation of dovetail-shaped longitudinal grooves on the longitudinal surfaces of the joined sections, in which, when assembling the joint, wooden dowels with rounded ends are inserted onto the glue, having the same cross-sectional shape as the longitudinal grooves (analog - see RF patent No. 144138, IPC V27S 5/00 (2006.01), 2014)

However, this solution is applicable for splicing logs and beams that are quite thick and must be accompanied by a labor-intensive gluing process.

There is a known unit for connecting elements with a half-wood overlay on keys, containing elements with cut out end parts to form end faces and side edges of the end part with a thickness less than the thickness of the side edges of the middle part of the elements being connected. The end parts of each element are made with at least two bevels of the end faces relative to the side faces (see RF patent No. 93829, IPC E04B 1/00 (2006.01) E04B 2/04 (2006.01), 2010).

The disadvantage of the analogue is the limitation of its use only for longitudinal connections of elements. Such a connection has insufficient rigidity due to the use of small-diameter keys and located in different parts of the ends of the connected elements. In addition, making the ends with two bevels facing in different directions also leads to a decrease in the rigidity of the connection. The connection can only be used for timber located in a horizontal plane and cannot be used to create a vertical frame. The vertical frame experiences higher loads, for example, wind loads, on the keys and adjacent ends and edges of the elements. Therefore, assembled on the basis of such a connection between the beams, the frame will not have sufficient rigidity and strength to withstand increased loads.

There is a known unit for connecting vertical and horizontal frame elements, in which the vertical elements are overlapped along the cut out ends and fastened with dowels, onto the free ends of which the ends of the horizontal elements are put on (see RF patent No. 194570, IPC E04B 1/32 (2006.01), 16.12.2019 G.). This solution was adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this solution is the presence of dowels that fasten the vertical elements, which complicates the frame assembly technology. In addition, this unit is primarily intended for corner connections of vertical elements.

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to simplify the assembly technology while ensuring the required strength and reliability of the connection of both vertical and horizontal elements of a wooden frame.

The technical result is to simplify the assembly of the unit.

The stated technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the connection unit of vertical and horizontal frame elements, containing vertical elements overlapped at cut ends, equipped in the central connection area with an installation hole for fastening to a pair of horizontal frame elements, in accordance with the utility model, the horizontal elements made with tongues cut “half-wood” on the end parts, and connected to each other in the installation hole by means of tongues secured at the ends with screw fasteners.

The implementation of a connection unit in which the horizontal elements of the frame with tongues cut “in half a tree” on the end parts are connected to each other in the installation hole by means of the specified tongues secured at the ends with screw fasteners, can significantly simplify assembly by reducing the number of connected parts. At the same time, the reliability of the connection of all elements of the assembly is ensured.

The connection of horizontal frame elements with each other and with vertical frame elements through an installation hole using tongues cut “in half a tree” on the end parts, secured at the ends with screw fasteners, speeds up assembly when creating frames for utility buildings, country houses and other similar buildings.

Fig. 1 – junction of vertical and horizontal frame elements.

Fig. 2 – node, explosion diagram.

The connection unit for vertical and horizontal frame elements can be used when assembling the wooden frame of various buildings.

The connection unit of vertical and horizontal frame elements contains vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 and horizontal frame elements 2-1, 2-2. All frame elements are made of wood. Vertical elements 1-1, 1-2 are connected with an overlap along the cut ends 3, 4, each of which is made with two bevels 5, 6 of the side faces. In the central connection area there is an installation hole 7 for fastening to a pair of horizontal frame elements 2-1, 2-2. Each of the horizontal elements 2-1, 2-2 is made with tongues 8, 9 cut out “half-wood” on the end parts. The horizontal elements 2-1, 2-2 are connected to each other and to the vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 in the installation hole 7 by means of tongues 8, 9, secured at the ends with screw fasteners 10.

The tongues 8, 9 are made on both sides of each horizontal frame element 2-1, 2-2 (at each end). The tongues 8, 9 are made elongated, and the elongated part 11 of each of the tongues is recessed into the body of the horizontal element 2-1, 2-2 and is made shorter than the protruding part 12 to ensure reliable contact of the horizontal elements 2-1, 2-2 with each other.

The tongues 8,9 on the inside, with which they interact with each other during assembly, can be cut at an angle to the horizontal, which will ensure the required tensile strength of the connection of the horizontal frame elements (not shown). The size of the angle depends on the hardness of the wood.

For example, edged boards or timber with a rectangular cross-section can be used as connecting wooden frame elements.

The shape of the bevels 5, 6, cut ends 3, 4 of the vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 of the connection nodes of the vertical and horizontal frame elements is made along straight lines to ensure ease of connection and installation of its parts, which also simplifies assembly.

Assembly sequence.

Previously, on each of the connected vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2, end parts 3, 4 with two bevels 5, 6, side edges are cut out to form flat end edges. The cut end parts are aligned so that the holes 7 made in the indicated end parts of each of the elements coincide. The tongues 8, 9 of the corresponding horizontal frame element 2-1, 2-2 are inserted from different sides of the vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 into the installation hole 7, made in the central zone of the cut out end parts of the vertical frame elements. Then the tongues are driven into the entire depth of the elongated part 11 of each of the tongues 8, 9 with a wooden hammer to tightly fit the elements relative to each other and fastened together with screw fasteners 10.

The result is a strong and reliable spatial connection between vertical and horizontal frame elements. The key point is that the entire assembly consists of the same material with the same thermal conductivity properties and allows the construction of completed floors, walls and ceilings of building frames of any size in length, and the width is determined by the cross-section of the frame elements. The entire assembly works as a solid and monolithic wooden element.

Vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 and horizontal frame elements 2-1, 2-2 allow you to reliably tie the side walls of the frame with the floor and roof slopes.

The assembled unit is ready for assembly with other elements during the construction of buildings. The opposite ends of the parts of the horizontal frame elements 2-1, 2-2 protrude beyond the connected parts of the vertical frame elements 1-1, 1-2 and have similar cut-out end parts with tongues 8, 9, which allows connecting the next pair of vertical frame elements 1- 1, 1-2 among themselves to form the building frame.

Thus, the proposed solution makes it possible to reliably connect vertically located elements for house construction with the necessary bending and tensile strength of the connection.

When implementing the claimed utility model, a technical result can be obtained - simplification of assembly. This ensures the necessary rigidity and reliability of the connection of the building frame elements.

The production of elements of the proposed unit can be carried out using known woodworking equipment.

The declared utility model can be used in the construction of houses, bathhouses, and other structures.

Claims (1)

A unit for connecting vertical and horizontal frame elements, containing vertical elements overlapped along cut-out ends, equipped in the central connection area with an installation hole for fastening to a pair of horizontal frame elements, characterized in that the horizontal elements are made with tongues cut out “half-wood” on the end parts and are connected to each other in the installation hole by means of tongues secured at the ends with screw fasteners.