RU2269896C2 - Apparatus for preparing of dough products with filler, filler dosing device and line for preparing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry, in particular, equipment for preparing of semi-finished dough products with filler, such as meat, curd or fruit dumplings.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has platform with horizontal supporting surface, vertical guides rigidly coupled to platform, at least one horizontal base plate mounted for predetermined reciprocation in vertical plane upon applying of external force thereto, and at least one auxiliary traverse positioned on base plate for displacement downward to predetermined fixed position. Pressing part consists of forming units and detachable die having plate with forming cells provided in the number equal to number of forming units. Forming units are axially aligned with die forming cells. Each forming unit has forming punch rigidly coupled to base plate and dressing punch of predetermined section, dressing punch being disposed on forming punch for reciprocation along the latter to predetermined distance. Ejection member located within forming punch is connected to elongated member, which is freely passed through base plate and coupled to auxiliary traverse. Filler dosing device comprises juxtaposed horizontal platform, receptacle for accommodation of replaceable forming die, movable frame adapted for placing therein of filler portion distributor with through openings provided in number equal to that of filler portions, horizontal conductor plate disposed on vertical columns and equipped with through apertures, with number of apertures being equal to the number of dies, and detachable comb with pins for ejection of filler from distributor, with number of pins being equal to the number of die cells. Frame and distributor are mounted so as to provide positioning of distributor cells relative to die cells in accordance with number of set positions. In preferred embodiment, number of distributor cells exceeds number of apertures formed in conductor plate by at least two times. Process line has zone adapted for preparing of dough sheets of predetermined size and provided with dough rolling portion, and zone for receiving of ready products. Product forming section has first and second auxiliary portions, dosing device, and product preparing device.

EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and increased efficiency.

7 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to equipment for the manufacture of semi-finished dough products with filling, mainly dumplings or dumplings, and can be used in meat processing enterprises and catering establishments, including restaurants and cafes.

Known devices for the manufacture of products from dough with filling, the designs of which contain a mechanism for forming a test tube with filling and a stamping mechanism for forming products. Such devices are described, for example, in Russian patents No. 7281 (publ. 1998.08.16), No. 2042328 (publ. 1995.08.27), No. 2048103 (publ. 1995.11.20) or No. 21117432 (publ. 1998.08.20).

The designs of such devices have complex kinematic schemes leading to the complexity of synchronizing the operation of the units of the plants and increasing their overall dimensions, which in turn leads to their high cost and the complexity of the sanitization of the working bodies. In addition, the disadvantage of these devices is the low reliability of gluing products due to the filling in the places of gluing the dough, leading to lower quality products. Products obtained on such devices have reduced taste properties due to the use of low-density dough pieces, which is typical for all devices that use the principle of forming products from a stuffed dough tube.

It is known from patent RU No. 2028056 (publ. 1995.02.09) a device for forming products from dough plates with a “posture” filling placed between them, including a carrier of U-shaped cells in cross section, each of which has a hole in the bottom and is surrounded at the top a knife protrusion, and a workpiece piercer in the form of a rod with a sharp end, while the cell carrier is a round plate with legs, the cells in the carrier are staggered, and the knife protrusions are made in the form of a hexagon. The device allows you to receive high quality products, but differs in low productivity.

An attempt to solve the problem of improving the quality of products was undertaken by creating a line for the manufacture of dough products with filling, disclosed in RF patent No. 2134969 (publ. 1999.08.27), selected as a prototype. The known line contains a bunker for dough, a meat mixer, a mechanism for forming a test tape and a stamping part, including a punch, a die, forming rollers and pushers for feeding the meat. The test tape enters the gap between the punch and the die, where dough pieces are cut using a punch, onto which filler is placed in the dough pieces from the block of pushers, and then the finished products are formed using molding rollers. This device provides good quality products due to the necessary elasticity of the test shell. The disadvantage of this line is that when forming products there remains a large number of test residues and insufficient reliability of bonding products. The disadvantage is the impossibility of making dumplings of a traditional form, which reduces the consumer properties of the manufactured product. In addition, the complexity of the design determines the high requirements for maintenance personnel. The complexity, large dimensions and high cost determine the inapplicability of such lines for catering.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and create simple to manufacture and maintain devices that can be arranged in a line for the manufacture of products from dough sheets, providing products of a marketable appearance with high consumer properties and high quality indicators. The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device for the manufacture of articles for dough with filling.

The problem is solved by a device for the manufacture of dough products with filling, containing a removable matrix with forming cells, designed to place dough sheets on it, between which there is a filling distributed over the cells, a platform with a horizontal supporting surface for placing the matrix, vertical guides rigidly connected to the platform elements forming nodes according to the number of matrix cells, at least one horizontal base plate and at least one auxiliary cross member, which Single placed on the base plate and mounted to be movable in synchronism with the base plate up to their original position and down to it to a predetermined fixed position. The base plate is mounted with the possibility of a given vertical reciprocating movement along the guide elements when external force is applied to it. In addition to the new version of the bearing part of the device, the execution of the forming component of the stamping part of the device is also new. The forming units are mounted coaxially with the forming cells of the matrix, and each forming unit is made in the form of a forming punch rigidly connected to the base plate and an edged punch placed on it, which is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating sliding by a predetermined value along the forming punch. Forming and edging punches determine the appearance of molded products. The forming punch is made in the form of a hollow cylindrical sleeve open towards the matrix. Inside the forming punch there is a pushing element connected with an elongated element that is freely passed through the base plate and connected to the auxiliary cross member, the fixed position of which when molding the products is selected from the condition of its position in the vertical plane at the moment of contact of the cut punch with the upper test layer (at a given in advance, depending on the thickness of the test plates, the distance between the forming punch and the die).

The cross-sectional shape of the punches and matrix cells is determined by the selected shape of the molded product and may have at least approximately oval shape, round shape, sickle shape or elliptical shape.

The end surface of the forming punch intended for forming the edge of the product can be made in a curved shape and can have sections of variable curvature.

It is advisable that at least part of the ejection element located inside the forming punch is made in the form of a cup-shaped element facing its concave side towards the matrix.

The problem is also solved by the fact that to increase the quality of manufactured batches of products that are the same in filling, filling the matrix cells with filling is carried out in the filling dispenser, which is a horizontal platform successively arranged vertically one above the other, a slot for accommodating a removable forming matrix, a movable frame designed for placement of a removable portioned dispenser of the filling with cells in it, a horizontal conductive plate and a removable comb with pins, significant for pushing the filling from the cells of the filling distributor into the cells of the matrix, previously covered with a test plate.

The conductor plate, made in the form of a perforated plate, is placed on the supporting vertical racks associated with the platform. In a preferred embodiment, for convenience of operation, the holes of the conductor plate are made with an increasing cross-sectional area in the direction of entry of the comb pins (conical holes). The number of through holes and the number of pins of the comb is selected by the number of matrix cells.

Each cell of the filling dispenser contains a portion intended for one product (respectively, for one cell of the forming matrix). The number of cells of the filling dispenser may be equal to the number of matrix cells, and it is preferable to exceed the number of matrix cells by at least two times. In this case, the proposed dispensing means is configured to position the cells of the filling dispenser with respect to the matrix cells in accordance with a number of predefined positions, for which the movable frame is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the horizontal plane for a given distance in the first direction and is made that it is possible to provide reciprocating movement of the filling distributor in the horizontal plane by a given p a distance in a second direction, the first and second directions being substantially perpendicular to each other. The movement step corresponds to the distance between the centers of the matrix cells in the corresponding direction.

It is advisable that the number of filling portions placed in the filling distributor is four times greater than the number of holes in the conductive plate.

The proposed device for the manufacture of dough products with filling, built in a row with the proposed filling dispenser, two auxiliary sections for laying dough sheets on the matrix, and a section for removing products from the forming matrix, make up the product forming sector, which together with the dough sheet preparation section with a device for rolling the dough on the canvas of a given thickness in accordance with technological requirements and a given size in accordance with the forming matrix supplied to pomogatelnye portions, and the batch distributor portion stuffing filling form the process line.

The invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the device according to the invention; with a mechanism for creating an external force in the form of a pneumatic drive.

Figure 2 is a fragment of a matrix, a top view.

Figure 3 is a three-dimensional image of the forming unit.

Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of a forming unit.

Figure 5 is a three-dimensional image of an edged punch having a sickle-shaped cross-sectional shape.

6 is a bottom view illustrating the relative position of two adjacent forming nodes located in the same row.

7 is a schematic front view of the device according to the invention with a mechanism for creating an external force in the form of an eccentric.

Fig - volumetric image of the dispenser filling.

A device for the manufacture of dough products with filling (Fig. 1) contains a supporting part made in the form of an employee to place a removable matrix 1 of the lower horizontal platform 2, rigidly connected to the vertical guide racks 3, which in turn are rigidly connected to the upper transverse plate 4 .

The matrix 1 is made in the form of a plate with many through cylindrical holes 5 (figure 1 and figure 2) with a given step between cells 5.

Vertical racks 3 serve as guides for a horizontal base plate 6 mounted with the possibility of vertical reciprocating by means of guide sleeves 7 connected to the plate 6 along the guide racks 3. External force is applied by means of a pushing element 8, designed to transmit external force from the pneumatic actuator, which has a rigid connected to the pushing element 8, the pneumatic cylinder 9, the pneumatic valve 10 and the control lever 11.

The vertical force of a given direction through the pushing element 8, rigidly connected with the base plate 6, is transmitted to the group of forming units 12 made with floating heads (Fig. 1) according to the number of cells 5 of the matrix 1. The matrix 1 is placed on the plate 2 so that its cells 5 were aligned with the forming units 12.

Each forming unit 12, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, is made in the form of a trimming punch 13, placed on the forming punch 14, which is rigidly connected to the threaded sleeve 15 installed in the base plate 6 so that there is a fixed gap between the base plate 6 and the bottom of the forming punch 14. The punches 13 and 14 are thin-walled curly cylindrical cups of a similar cross section with upwardly facing bottoms in which through holes are made for sliding inside the watt 15 of the movable rod 16, which in turn is connected to one end by its neck 17 with its supporting auxiliary cross-plate 18, and from the other end with an ejection element 19 located inside the forming punch 14. In the initial state, the auxiliary plate 18 lies freely on the base plate 6 and at the end of the molding, the product moves up with it. When molding products, during which the plate 6 moves down, the auxiliary plate 18 moves down together with the base plate 6 until it comes into contact with the vertical limiting elements 20, made in the form of mounted on the platform 2 vertical rods that freely pass through corresponding through holes in it.

The restrictive elements 20 are designed to provide a fixed position of the auxiliary plate 18 relative to the matrix 1 during the formation of products. A predetermined restriction of the movement of the auxiliary plate 18 down can be ensured in another way, for example by linking it with the upper cross member 4.

To prevent jamming of the forming unit when the space of the gap between the punches 13 and 14 is clogged with flour, there is a recess 21 on the outside of the forming punch with the formation of a cavity for the flour that gets into it during the molding process.

The end part of the forming punch 14 facing the matrix 1 is made with a profile element in the form of a concave side facing the matrix 1 of the groove 22, which is involved in the formation of the product edge. The outer edge of the cut punch 13 is made with a cutting edge 23.

The forming unit is equipped with returnable fixing elements made in the form of 6 pins 24 with compression springs 25 mounted movably mounted in the grooves of the base plate. The pins 24 are made with stops 26 placed in the recesses 27 of the grooves of the base plate 6, when the bottom of the cut is pressed against it during molding punch 13.

The number of locking elements is selected from the condition of the uniform distribution of the load on the edged punch 13 at the time of pressing.

In the embodiment of the forming unit shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the matrix in FIG. 2, the sickle-shaped contour of the holes 5 (FIG. 2) and similar sickle-shaped cross sections of the punches 13 and 14 determine the shape of the semi-finished products, convenient for forming dumplings with manual a molding for giving them a traditional shape by connecting the corners of the products molded on the device. The sickle-shaped cross-sectional contour of the forming and cutting punches (and, accordingly, the cells of the matrix 1) provides the possibility of arranging the forming units in the same row tightly to each other (Fig.6) to guarantee a reduction in the number of cuts of dough, called a flake. The edged punch 13 (Fig. 5) in this case is made in the form of a glass, the cylindrical surface of which contains a flat section along its entire height, forming an open section in the lateral surface (a straight cylinder with a vertical section cut off). At the same time, in its upper (bottom) part, opposite to the cut, a cutout 28 is made along the width of the cut-off part, the height of which slightly exceeds the thickness of the bottom part of the cut punch.

Figure 7 shows the design of the device with load-bearing elements and a forming part, similar to that described previously, and a different mechanism for creating an external force. The external force generating mechanism in this design is made in the form of an eccentric 30 connected to an axis 31, which in turn is connected to the upper cross member 4 through the support for the axis 32. The axis 32 is rigidly connected to the lever 33. The action of the eccentric 33 is rotated by 180 ° 30 through an auxiliary element 8 connected to the base plate 6, for its movement along the guide elements 3 in the lower position for forming products. The return to the initial upper position of the base plate 6 is provided by the springs 34.

The filling dispenser used to fill the filling covered with the dough sheet of the matrix 1 (Fig. 8), is a platform 35 with guide elements 36 fixed thereon, designed to position the interchangeable forming matrix 1 with cells 5 placed between them. supporting vertical posts 37 on which a horizontal perforated conductive plate 38 is installed with through holes 39 intended for pins 40 to be placed on the comb plate 38 38. In the mounting space The movable frame 42 is mounted between the matrix 1 and the conductive plate 38 on the racks 37, which is designed to accommodate the portioned filling dispenser 43, which is pushed along the guides of the frame 42.

The movable frame 42 is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal, when viewed along arrow A, movement in two opposite directions through the associated arms 46 with a step equal to the distance between the cells of the matrix 1 in the same direction. In this example, the conductor plate has 54 holes and, accordingly, the matrix is made with 54 cells. The guide frames 42 are designed in such a way that they allow the distributor 43 to be moved in two opposite directions (along arrow B) perpendicular to the first direction (longitudinal).

The dispenser of the filling 43 is made in the form of plates tightened by studs, forming in this example 216 open cells, on the opposite side of the conductor plate and on the matrix side), each of which is designed for one portion of the filling. This embodiment of the dispensing means allows, with one portioned dispenser 43 filled and installed in the frame 42, by selecting a predetermined group of dispenser cells and moving the frame 42 and the filling dispenser 43 to four different predetermined positions relative to the conductive plate 38, four different matrices can be sequentially filled with the filling.

The device operates as follows.

The matrix 1 with the rolled dough sheet placed on it, prepared at the dough rolling section, is placed on the dosing means platform 35 (Fig. 8) and placed in cells 5 coaxially with the holes of the conductive plate 38. The filling filling portioner 43 is placed in the frame 42 above the matrix 1 in one of the four selected positions and, pressing the comb 41 and pushing the pins 40 through the conductor plate 38 and pressing them on the filling in the corresponding cells of the distributor 43, squeeze the filling into the cells 5 of the matrix 1. Fill The filled matrix 1 is removed from the dosing agent, transferred to the auxiliary section, where it is covered from above with a second dough sheet and sent to the section with the device for manufacturing products. The next matrix 1 prepared at the auxiliary section is also placed on the platform 35. In accordance with the displacement scheme, the filling cells of the distributor 43 are placed above the cells 5 of the matrix 1 and filled with the filling.

The prepared matrix (covered with test sheets, between which the filling is distributed among the cells) is placed on the platform 2 (Fig. 1) and pressure is applied to the auxiliary element 8.

Under the action of a piston 9 (Fig. 1) or an eccentric 30 (Fig. 7), which exert pressure on the element 8 and through it onto the base plate 6, the forming units 12 are lowered down. The auxiliary plate 18, freely lying on the base plate 6, is lowered together with it to the restrictive elements 20, which, passing through the plate 6, stop the downward movement of the plate 18, thereby fixing the elements 19 of the ejector 16 in the highest position to provide a cavity for molding the product. Cutting punch 13, abutting its cutting edge 23 in the matrix 1, cuts the molded product. At the beginning of stamping, the fixing element 24 squeezes the edged punch 13 from the matrix 1, providing the necessary pressure on the dough layers to cut out the molded product. The continued further lowering of the base plate 6 leads to the lowering of the forming punch 14 and the compression of the springs 25, as a result of which the stops 26 of the fixing elements 24 are placed in the recesses 27 of the base plate 6, and the edged punch 13 is pressed against the plate 6. The forming punch 14, exerting pressure on part of the dough layers located in the area of its end surface, compacts them, sticking and forming the edge of the product.

The maximum distance between the bottom of the cutter punch 13 and the base plate 6 from its side facing the matrix 1 (indicated by “c” in FIG. 4) is determined by the design of the forming punch having a protrusion resting on the plate 6 in the bottom part.

The maximum vertical distance between the lower cutting edge of the edging punch 13 and the forming end surface of the punch 14 (indicated by “a” in FIG. 4) should ensure guaranteed cutting of the test sheets in thickness.

In this particular embodiment, the maximum value “a” is provided by the selection of the ratio of the height of the cut punch 13 and the forming punch 14.

The minimum value "a" in the lowermost position of the plate 6 during molding of the products is set from the conditions for ensuring a guaranteed gap (maximum "a" is greater than the maximum "b" by the thickness of the glued edge of the product).

A predetermined minimum value of "a" can be provided by other means, for example, additional vertical struts to limit the movement of the base plate 6 or limiters of a given stroke for the piston, which eliminates the need for strict observance of the conditions of minimum "a".

The ejectors 19 during molding of the products are located near the bottom of the punch 14, and when moving up the base plate 6, the formed product is pushed out of the forming unit 12. Next, the matrix 1 with the finished products is moved to the product removal area.

The proposed device designs are distinguished by the simplicity of the scheme and operation, the ease of maintenance and sanitization, they can be combined into a line in accordance with the available premises, and the installation dimensions are small at a sufficiently high productivity, which is extremely important in the production of a dining room, cafe, restaurant.

The device is easily retoolable for the manufacture of products of various shapes, such as dumplings, dumplings with various fillings. Compared with known devices, the design avoids the presence of a filling in the bonding zone, which accordingly improves the quality and presentation of the products.

Claims (7)

1. A device for the manufacture of dough products with filling, containing a stamping part, characterized in that it contains a platform with a horizontal supporting surface, vertical guiding elements rigidly connected to the platform, at least one horizontal base plate mounted with the possibility of application to it external forces of a given vertical reciprocating movement along said guide elements, and at least one auxiliary cross member, which is placed on said the base plate and moves down to a predetermined fixed position, as well as the fact that the stamping part is formed by forming units and a removable matrix arranged on the said platform, made in the form of a plate with forming cells according to the number of forming units, while the said forming units are aligned with the forming cells of the aforementioned matrices, and each forming unit is made in the form of a rigidly connected to the mentioned base plate forming punch and placed therein a cut punch of a coordinated cross section which is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating sliding by a predetermined amount along the said forming punch, and inside the forming punch there is an ejection element connected to the elongated element, which is freely passed through the said base plate and connected with the said auxiliary cross member. 2. A device for manufacturing dough products with a filling according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of said forming punch and edging punch is mainly characterized as a shape selected from the group that includes an oval shape, a circular shape, a crescent shape or elliptical shape. 3. A device for manufacturing dough products with a filling according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the end face of the forming punch facing the matrix has sections of variable curvature. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of said ejector element is made in the form of a cup-shaped element facing its concave side to the side of said matrix. 5. A filling dispenser, characterized in that it is a horizontal platform successively arranged vertically one above the other, a slot for accommodating a removable forming matrix having cells, a movable frame adapted to accommodate a portioned filling dispenser made with through holes in the number of holes placed therein portions of the filling, a horizontal conductor plate with through holes in the number of cells of the matrix and a removable gr a baby with pins designed to push the filling from said distributor according to the number of cells of said matrix, while said frame and said portioned distributor are mounted in such a way that it is possible to position the cells of said distributor with respect to the cells of said matrix in accordance with a number of selectable positions. 6. The dispenser of the filling according to claim 5, characterized in that the number of cells of said portion distributor exceeds the number of cells of said matrix by at least two times. 7. A technological line for manufacturing dough products with filling, comprising a dough sheet preparation section of a predetermined size made with a dough sheeter, a product molding sector, and a finished product receiving section, characterized in that the product molding sector is made in the form of sequentially placed first auxiliary section , a filling dispenser according to one of claims 5 and 6, a second auxiliary section and a device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first and second auxiliary sections are for zmescheniya test web on a forming matrix used in forming products sector.

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