RU2269734C1 - Device for prevention of scale formation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning heat-exchange apparatus, low- and mean-pressure steam boilers in particular, water preheaters, fodder steamers from salt deposits (scale) on working heating surfaces.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device includes pulse generator and electromagnetic wave and mechanical vibration radiator made in form of cylindrical pipe line connected to water source and provided with diamagnetic insert connected to heat-exchange apparatus; fitted inside diamagnetic insert in its center is ferromagnetic rod. Powerful pulse electromagnetic field acts effectively on water flow running inside pipe line, thus excluding scaling.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of cleaning.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for cleaning heat and mass transfer equipment, in particular steam and water boilers of low pressure, water heaters, forage tanks, etc. from salt deposits (scale) on the working surfaces of heating.

Known devices for preventing the formation of scale using disturbing vibrations, in which the oscillatory movement of the walls of the heat exchange equipment is due to the electro-hydraulic effect (AS No. 322592, F 28 G 7/00). Also known are inventions in which the problem in question is solved using the energy of compressed air (a.c. No. 756179, F 28 G 7/00, and AS No. 480898, F 28 G 7/00, etc.).

The invention is also known. No. 481758, F 28 G 7/00, in which, to prevent the formation of scale, an emitter connected to a generator made in the form of a solenoid with a movable ferromagnetic core is connected. The known invention has, in our opinion, significant drawbacks in that it is practically impossible to raise the repetition rate of shock pulses above one hertz.

As a prototype, the authors chose the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2151355, F 28 G 7/00, 2000

The invention, in our opinion, has significant drawbacks in that the known device is not effective enough for feedwater with a salinity of more than 12 mg equiv / kg. This is primarily due to the insufficiently high magnetic field strength used to treat water before it is fed into heat exchange equipment (see, for example, V.P. Klassen. Magnetization of water systems. M: Chemistry, 1982, p. 182-201, section "Apparatus for the electromagnetic treatment of water systems"). As experience in practical implementation has shown, this drawback hinders the wide practical application of the known development.

The technical solution to the problem is to increase the efficiency of preventing salt deposits of scale on the working surfaces of the heat-exchanging equipment due to the fact that the water supply pipe is used as an oscillator, while the pipe has an insert made of diamagnetic material (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, etc. .), inside of which a rod of ferromagnetic material is installed at its center.

Higher efficiency is achieved due to the complex effect - treatment of water (or the water system) with a pulsed electromagnetic field and the use of a more efficient oscillator.

The objective is achieved in that in the device for preventing the formation of scale, consisting of a pulse generator and an emitter of electromagnetic waves and mechanical vibrations, made in the form of a cylindrical pipeline with a diamagnetic insert, characterized in that a core of ferromagnetic material is installed inside the diamagnetic insert at its center.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is due to the fact that the achievement of the task is carried out due to the complex impact on the process of scale formation of mechanical vibrations of an incomparably higher spectrum of frequencies and amplitudes than in the known construction, and a pulsed electromagnetic field of high intensity. This is achieved by introducing a ferromagnetic rod into the diamagnetic insert of the pipeline. (If necessary: with simple calculations it can be shown that the value of the pulsed electromagnetic field with the proposed technical solution increases by at least two orders of magnitude.) It should also be noted that pondemotor forces significantly increase due to an increase in pressure in (MPa) on the surface of the emitter-pipeline ( see P.P. Yastrebov, I.P. Smirnov. Electrical Equipment, Electrotechnology. M: Higher School, 1987, p. 71-74, section "Magnetic-pulse installations").

According to the patent and scientific and technical literature, no similar set of features was found, which allows us to judge the inventive step of the proposal.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The device for preventing the formation of scale (salt deposits) consists of a pipeline 1 having an insert of diamagnetic material 2 (stainless steel, copper, aluminum, etc.), inside of which a rod 3 is mounted in its center, fixed by electric welding with electrodes 4, in in turn, the insert 2 is connected to the heat exchanger 5, and on the outside of the insert 2 of the common pipe 1 there is a winding 6 connected to a pulse current source 7.

Pipeline 1, insert 2 and winding 6 are a source of mechanical vibrations transmitted to the heating surfaces of the heat exchange equipment 5 and at the same time allowing the water to be supplied to the heat exchanger to be treated with a powerful pulsed electromagnetic field with a voltage significantly higher than in the known inventions.

The device operates as follows: during operation, the water through the pipeline 1 and insert 2 enters the heat exchanger 5 (boiler, heat exchanger, fodder steamer, etc.) and at the same time a pulse source (generator) of current 7 is turned on, which supplies current pulses to the winding 6, evenly placed on the pipeline section made of diamagnetic material 2. The pulsed electromagnetic field in the winding 6 is amplified many times (as we have already noted) by placing a ferromagnetic rod in the center of insert 2, which in turn leads to two important Ktorov:

1. A pulsed electromagnetic field creates mechanical vibrations in a pipeline of a much wider spectrum of frequencies and amplitudes than in known constructions due to the phenomenon of magnetostriction and the occurrence of pondemotor forces, which in turn allows more efficient to prevent the formation of salt deposits (scale) on the working heating surfaces due to violation of the laminar sublayer, i.e. exactly where deposits form.

2. A powerful pulsed electromagnetic field in the proposed design more effectively affects the water flow passing through the pipeline, which in turn allows more efficient prevention of deposits due to the direct effect on salt deposits dissolved in the aquatic environment.

By adjusting the frequency and power of pulsed electromagnetic oscillations, they select the optimal modes under which a non-scale operation of the heat exchange equipment is ensured regardless of the total hardness of the feed water.

Claims (1)

A device for preventing the formation of scale, consisting of a pulse generator and an emitter of electromagnetic waves and mechanical vibrations, made in the form of a cylindrical pipe connected to a water source with a diamagnetic insert connected to a heat exchanger, characterized in that a ferromagnetic rod is installed at the center of the diamagnetic insert material.