RU2269683C1 - Sliding bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sliding bearings which can be used in manufacture of supports of propeller shafts of ship shaftings. Proposed sliding bearing includes load-bearing laminated and solid lubricant members machined to one size in inner diameter. Load-bearing laminated members are made in form of solid cylindrical bushing with longitudinal slots on part of inner surface in which solid lubricant trapezoidal members are arranged and fixed by potting compound. Bushing is made of laminated material including reinforcement cloth made of carbon fiber with mean size of crystallites over basal plane of 3.0-6.0 nm and thickness of pack of basal planes being 1.0-4.0 nm and polymeric heat-convertible binder, for instance expose and phenol-formaldehyde resin, and solid lubricant materials are made of filled copolymer of polytetrafluoroethylene.

EFFECT: simplified technology, reduced mass and dimensional characteristics and labor input in manufacture of sliding bearing.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to bearings, and can find application in the manufacture of bearings of propeller shafts of ship shaft lines.

During operation of sliding bearings - propeller shaft bearings - the main indicators are high bearing capacity and high wear resistance, dimensional stability when working in water and the durability associated with these indicators (resource).

In mechanical engineering, a plain bearing is widely used, which includes an integral sleeve made of polyamide (caprolon) enclosed in a metal case [S. Syagaeva Caprolon casting - L. Mechanical Engineering, 1980]. A bearing with a sleeve made of polyamide has a relatively low bearing capacity due to the relatively low strength of the polyamide (breaking stress under compression of about 60-70 MPa). Polyamide swells in water, which can lead to jamming of the shaft. The water absorption of polyamide increases in warm water, which does not allow the use of such bearings in warm seas, and is chemically unstable.

The closest in the set of essential features to the claimed one and adopted as a prototype is a plain bearing comprising a liner (type sleeve) assembled in a metal casing from separate power layered segments and solid lubricant segments machined by their inner diameter of one size assembled between them [RF patent No. 2112159, M.cl ⁶ F 16 C 17/14, publ. May 27, 1998]. In a specific embodiment shown in the patent, a plain bearing sleeve with a diameter of 550 mm is assembled from power layered segments made of phenolic antifriction carbon fiber plastic of the FUT grade and solid lubricant segments made of filled polytetrafluoroethylene (fluoropolymer) copolymer of the F40G40 brand. The type-setting insert (sleeve) is enclosed in a thick-walled metal case. Layers of power layered segments are perpendicular to the axis of the bearing.

When the shaft rotates, the particles of solid lubricant elements are transferred to layered segments, on the surface of which a soft fluoroplastic film is formed, which has high antifriction properties. The bearing works with water as a cutting fluid.

The specified plain bearing has a resource and bearing capacity two times higher than a bearing with a polyamide sleeve. Due to the thick-walled metal housing, the dimensions of the bearing are large. In addition, the assembly of the sleeve from the segments can only be performed manually and requires the involvement of highly qualified personnel. The manufacture of a plain bearing with a diameter of 200 mm and less with a typesetting sleeve from individual segments according to the prototype represents a difficult technical task. Thus, the specified bearing has increased weight and size characteristics and is not technologically advanced during manufacture.

The technical result, to which the claimed invention is directed, is to increase the manufacturability of production and reduce the overall dimensions of the sliding bearing.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the sliding bearing, including the power layered and solid lubricant elements, machined according to the inner diameter in one size, according to the invention, the power layered elements are made in the form of a solid cylindrical sleeve having longitudinal grooves on the inner surface and solid lubricant elements, having a trapezoidal shape, are placed and fixedly fixed by means of the casting composition in the grooves of the whole sleeve, and the longitudinal grooves can be made into parts inside renney surface of the sleeve in the most loaded part of a plain bearing.

The sleeve is made of a power laminate, including a carbon fiber reinforcing fabric with an average crystallite size of 3.0-6.0 nm on the basal plane and a basal plane thickness of 1.0-4.0 nm and a polymer thermosetting binder - epoxy or phenol-formaldehyde resin . This material is able to carry the load from the weight of the shaft, has high strength characteristics, zero volumetric water absorption and high shape stability when working in water. Due to this, the layers of the specified power laminate can be parallel to the surface of the shaft, which greatly simplifies the manufacture of the sleeve.

An integral sleeve made of the specified material does not need a massive metal case; it is possible to manufacture a bearing according to the claimed invention with a metal housing with a thickness of 2-3 mm;

The solid lubricant elements are made of a filled polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) copolymer, for example, compositions of a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (TFE-E copolymer of the F-40 brand) with such fillers as carbon black, graphite, coke, carbon fibers, metal oxides, etc., mainly from TFE-E copolymer filled with graphite, for example, grades F40G40 or F40G20.

On the inner surface of the sleeve, longitudinal grooves are additionally made for supplying a lubricating coolant.

The inventive sliding bearing is shown in Fig.1-3.

Figure 1 - 3 presents a view of the inventive bearing with additional longitudinal grooves for supplying lubricating coolant.

1 - bearing sleeve;

2 - longitudinal grooves for solid lubricant elements;

3 - solid lubricant elements of a trapezoidal shape;

5 - longitudinal grooves for supplying lubricating coolant.

Figure 2 presents the end view of a segment of the sleeve with one solid lubricating element.

1 - bearing sleeve;

2 - a longitudinal groove for a solid lubricating element;

3 - solid lubricant element of trapezoidal shape;

4 - filling composition.

The grooves 2 with solid lubricating elements 3 are made only on the lower part of the sleeve 1 of the sliding bearing, under the shaft.

The inventive plain bearing can be made up to 1 meter long and with a diameter of 50 to 800 mm.

The bearing works as follows: a solid sleeve of power laminate (1) carries a load from the weight of the shaft and provides the required high wear resistance of the bearing. When the shaft rotates, the particles of solid lubricant elements (3) from the filled polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer are transferred to the surface of the whole sleeve with the formation of a soft film, which further reduces the friction coefficient. The bearing works with water as a cutting fluid, which is supplied through additional longitudinal grooves (5).

The technical effect of the use of the invention is to reduce the weight and size characteristics and the complexity of manufacturing a bearing.

Claims (6)

1. The sliding bearing, including the power layered and solid lubricant elements, machined in internal diameter in one size, characterized in that the power laminate elements are made in the form of a solid cylindrical sleeve having longitudinal grooves on the inner surface, and solid lubricant elements having a trapezoidal shape are placed and fixedly fixed in the grooves of the whole sleeve, while the sleeve is made of a layered material including a reinforcing fabric of carbon fiber with an average crystallite size at the base a natural plane of 3.0-6.0 nm and a thickness of the package of basal planes of 1.0-4.0 nm and a polymer thermosetting binder, such as epoxy and phenol-formaldehyde resin, and the solid lubricant elements are made of a filled polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer. 2. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the F-40 grade TFE-E copolymer with fillers such as carbon black, graphite, coke, carbon fibers, metal oxides, for example, F40G40 or F40G20 grades, is used as a filled polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer. 3. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid lubricating elements are placed in all longitudinal grooves made on the inner surface of the sleeve. 4. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid lubricating elements are placed in part of the longitudinal grooves made on the inner surface of the sleeve. 5. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid lubricating elements are fixedly mounted in the longitudinal grooves of the sleeve using a casting composition. 6. The sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal grooves are made on part of the inner surface of the sleeve in the most loaded area of the sliding bearing.

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