RU2268840C2 - Marine autonomous complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; multi-purpose structures for conducting surface and underwater jobs.

SUBSTANCE: proposed complex has hull with power module and living module. Honeycomb hull is erected from compartments forming plate, 100x260x14 m in size. Hull has two immovable parts A and B and two inner parts C and D rotatable through 360° around their axis for gripping the large-sized sunken objects, minerals and bottom ground. Four cylindrical screw feeders mounted on supports over edges of parts A and B are provided with cutting teeth (tenons) for cutting ice.

EFFECT: facilitated development of ocean and continental shelf resources.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, in particular to the design of a multi-purpose device for the industrial production of surface-underwater technical works.

MAK contains a robust four-layer housing in the form of honeycombs, divided into compartments, forming a plate with dimensions of 100 × 260 × 14 meters, which has two fixed parts: power unit A, residential block B and two internal multi-purpose parts B and D with 360 rotation degrees around its axis to capture large-sized sunken objects, minerals and bottom soil, while along the edges of parts A and B on the supports there are four cylindrical screws having cutting teeth (spikes) for screw-rotor ice and soil cutting.

Technical field

The invention relates to shipbuilding and has design features of elements that require detailed study (refinement) of the device in research institutes.

It is designed to perform a variety of surface and underwater technical works and services in industrial volume in the following areas: lifting and rescue, production and technical, mining, research, processing, transport, icebreaking, repair and restoration, special and others.

The present invention (IAC) simultaneously relates to several areas of marine technology and combines into one:

1) Marine lifting device.

2) Floating dock.

3) Rescue ship.

4) Deepwater drilling platform.

5) Sea transport.

6) Sea airfield.

7) Deep-water research base.

8) Marine excavator.

9) An ice oil tanker.

10) Self-propelled platform.

11) Icebreaker.

12) Offshore refinery.

Also, many other areas combined in a single complex.

State of the art

The closest analogue adopted by examination by US patent No. 3647416 A, IPC B 63 B 35/08, published. 06/06/1972 on 8 pages.

The disadvantages of the known devices include:

Low productivity of ice cutting with a vertically arranged cutting tool only from the surface position in one direction with insufficient maneuverability.

Operation is limited to icing at low ambient temperatures, which does not facilitate the use with high efficiency in extreme conditions.

According to information that I know, the IAC surpasses this analogue in ice cutting by a more advanced design solution that allows it to perform multi-purpose tasks in a complex, and represents a new direction in the development of technologies in the development of the oceans.

There are many technical devices, methods for the development of surface underwater space, in contrast to which the IAC has a fundamentally new autonomous integrated approach, capable of performing any task in the production of surface underwater technical work in an industrial volume, using the design features of a device saturated with a powerful source energy from two nuclear power plants.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a multi-purpose device that has a powerful source of energy from two nuclear power plants, capable of carrying out hundreds of different operations for the development of the continental shelf in industrial volume, with high performance autonomous navigation in arctic latitudes in the surface position and depths of up to one thousand meters.

The technical result is achieved in that the MAK, containing a four-layer building with a power unit and a residential unit, is made of honeycomb compartments and forms a plate with dimensions of 100 × 260 × 14 meters, which has two fixed parts A and B and two internal multi-purpose parts B and G with the possibility of rotation 360 degrees around its axis to capture large-sized sunken objects, minerals and bottom soil, while along the edges of parts A and B on the supports are four cylindrical screws having cutting teeth (spikes), for rotary screw cutting of ice and soil. All parts are connected in a single (self-propelled) device in the form of a plate having dimensions of 100 × 306 × 14 (23) with a displacement of 180 thousand tons in the surface position.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of a section of a honeycomb body in compartment No. 11.

Figure 2 shows the capture on the plane of the emergency submarine.

Figure 3 - MAC in the context.

Figure 4 - MAK as a surface or under-ice pipelayer.

Figure 5 - MAC in a detailed section.

Accepted in figure 2 designations: A - power unit, B - residential unit,

B and D are multi-purpose rotary blocks.

Figure 1-5 has the following notation:

1. Electric motor with gear.

2. Lateral support (rack).

3. Internal disk with plain bearing.

4. Water canals.

5. Batteries.

6. Swing hydraulic gearboxes.

7. Two nuclear power plants.

8. Containers with liquefied gases.

9. Ballast containers.

10. Compartments for placement of pumps, compressors, underwater controlled vehicles, decompression chambers, locks, as well as for the operation of drilling rig operators.

11. Compartments for placement of drilling equipment.

12. The internal bulkheads of the honeycomb body dividing the blocks into compartments.

13. The cavity of the cylindrical shaft.

14. Residential block.

15. Lock thrust bearings.

16. The hollow shaft of cylindrical augers.

17. The outer skin of the cylindrical screw.

18. The rod cylindrical shaft.

19. An internal bulkhead separating compartments locking the cylindrical shaft.

20. Internal support (stand 1 meter wide) for a hollow shaft of cylindrical augers with a technological manhole 0.5 m wide, 2 m high for repair and maintenance work.

21. The durable MAK case has a thickness of two meters, consists of an outer casing equal to 100 mm, and internal bulkheads of 20 mm. The body is made in the form of honeycombs connected by openings in four closed layered cavities to increase strength filled with compressed air, gas or sea water.

22. Cylindrical shaft housing with access hatches.

23. Internal bulkhead between compartments, locking cylindrical shaft.

24. Emergency nuclear submarine.

25. Multipurpose rotary blocks.

26. Lifting ballast containers for bulk sea sand.

27. Hydraulic cylinders (racks) connected by a steel cable on which a tarpaulin canopy of a lifting ballast container is fixed.

28. Winch.

29. Steel cable.

30. Telescopic boom crane.

31. The rotary mechanism of the crane.

32. Guide racks of the crane.

33. Leading rollers.

34. Removable spikes.

35. Pushing springs.

36. An internal bulkhead housing having a thickness of 20 mm.

37. The blades of the screws.

38. Water jet screw.

39. Rotary blinds for directing a water stream.

40. Electric motors with gearboxes.

41. O-ring.

42. The inner wall of the housing.

43. Honeycombs of the fourth layer.

44. Honeycombs of the third layer.

45. Honeycombs of the second layer.

46. Honeycombs of the first layer.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention.

The Marine Autonomous Complex (IAC), a multi-purpose device for industrial production of surface-underwater technical works, consists of the following main parts: power unit A, residential block B, C and D, two multi-purpose rotary blocks, four cylindrical screws No. 17.

Power unit A (Fig. 2, 3, 5) in the form of a plane having dimensions: 100-30-14 (23), consists of a durable five-row titanium body (sheathing) No. 21 in the form of honeycombs forming four layers (Fig. 1) .

Unit A is equipped with: two standard nuclear power plants No. 7, used on atomic icebreakers, nuclear submarines located in a compartment measuring 50-20-10 m in size. A lifting (canvas) ballast container for alluvial sea sand No. can be installed outside the plane. 26, 27. Two out of four specially designed in the future rotary hydraulic gearboxes No. 6, for rotation in both directions by 360% of blocks B and D with an effort of 100,000 tons each on locking bearings No. 15, capable of to lay down and move the IAC on land, also capture any object with a total force of 400,000 tons. Two out of four No. 5 batteries. Water canals No. 4 in the amount of 20 pieces with built-in water-jet screws No. 38, rotating from electric motors with gears No. 40 in the necessary direction based on the situation.

At the edges of the water canals are controlled rotary blinds No. 39 for directing the flow of a water stream in all directions. Three supports (racks) for the shaft of cylindrical screws No. 2 and No. 20.

Residential block B (Figs. 2, 3, 5) is a copy of power unit A, with the exception of the compartment of the four-story cabin company, which has dimensions of 50-20-10 m.

Multipurpose rotary blocks B and D (Fig.2, 3), having dimensions 200-50-14, represent pointed planes for a giant multifunctional hollow bucket, consist of a durable five-row titanium body in the form of honeycombs, forming four layers (Fig.1) for each compartment. Provides free access to the crew through the transitions of the cavity of the cylindrical shaft No. 13, 18 in all compartments of blocks A, B, C, G.

Blocks B and D, two copies perform the same multi-purpose tasks with the help of equipped special equipment, which are to be developed in the design bureau, research institute and further equipped with compartments. Outside, there are two sixty-meter telescopic cranes (figure 2) No. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 for loading operations.

Blocks B and D have together 32 compartments, 16 small and 16 large compartments, covered with a robust housing. Compartments No. 8 contain containers with compressed gases, such as oxygen or nitrogen, necessary for the crew to live and for technical purposes. In compartments No. 10 for placement of pumps, compressors, underwater controlled vehicles, decompression chambers, locks, as well as for the operation of drilling rig operators, oil refining equipment and other purposes.

Compartments No. 9 - four ballast containers. Compartments No. 11 in the amount of 12 pieces for placement of special drilling equipment, placement of fuels and lubricants, fresh water or ballast overboard water, as a container for oil products obtained by distillation of hot, freshly produced oil on the seabed of the Arctic Ocean deposits at the well site. Blocks B and D, fixed in an upright position, will give the necessary navigational qualities as a catamaran, and also form a minibus 50-200 meters in size in the inner part to perform the necessary work in stormy conditions.

Four cylindrical screws No. 17 are arranged in pairs on opposite sides in the amount of four; they have dimensions: diameter 23 meters, length 48 meters, height of the blades 0.5 meters, height of the spikes 0.3 meters. It consists of a durable honeycomb body (casing) in the form of a cylinder, inside of which there is a hollow shaft (axis) of cylindrical screws No. 16. On three supports (racks) No. 2, 20 for two cylindrical screws. Cylindrical screw No. 17 rotates on three bearings No. 2, 3 with the help of twenty-four leading rubber rollers pressed to the inner wall of the honeycomb housing, driven by electric motors through gears No. 1, located 8-star in 4 star-shaped drives for each of four cylindrical augers.

The total number of electric motors with gearboxes on four cylindrical screws will be 128 pieces, which will allow MAK to leave the sea on land on flat sections of the coastline, not exceeding 5 degrees of elevation, with a mass of 180,000 tons. The leading rubber rollers in the amount of 128 pieces No. 33 have a diameter of 1 meter and a length of 4 meters, designed for a maximum rotation load of up to 100 tons each, in total amount to 12800 tons, for one cylindrical screw - 3200 tons. This will allow the industrial volume of two pairs of cylindrical screws with a width of 100 meters to effectively perform many different technical work at the required elevation angles.

Rotation of cylindrical augers also gives the necessary land and navigational qualities (when moving in space in all directions at different angles relative to the horizontal plane) in the ground, in the surface, in the icy, in the underwater, in the icy, in the bottom position. The 40 water jet canals on both blocks A and B have 80 controlled 360-degree rotary blinds on the upper and lower parts to direct the water jet in all directions up to a maximum traction load of 10,000 tons, which will give the necessary navigational qualities of the IAC when moving in the sea space at depths from 0 to 1000 meters in all directions and in any planes.

The work of the IAC is based on achieving maximum energy saving in the complex during the industrial production of many technical works and is built on creating maximum comfort and conditions for the crew to continuously monitor, evaluate, adjust at all technological stages of the autonomous cycle.

The work of the crew (up to 300 people) is planned around the clock on a rotational basis for several months of autonomous navigation.

The action, the work of the IAC, is a comprehensive solution of previously impossible tasks in the development of the oceans. IAC combines different types of marine devices into a single unit, which characterizes it as a universal technical device capable of performing dozens of different operations in extreme conditions.

1) MAK is a universal lift, which has no analogues, capable of accomplishing previously impossible tasks of lifting hundreds of large-sized objects from the depths of the ocean to one thousand meters in the shortest possible time with minimal cost.

This device has a number of positive design features that allow you to effectively complete the complex various tasks associated with recovery during the development of the oceans in extreme conditions.

MAK has gigantic dimensions, commensurate with capabilities, and is distinguished by constructive simplicity and reliability in operation.

Rugged case No. 21 is mounted by welding from sheets of a titanium-containing alloy. It consists of an outer casing 100 mm thick and 20 mm rectangular parallelepipeds (honeycombs) having a volume of 0.5 cubic meters, filled with compressed air or gas in four cavities, divided into compartments No. 43, 44, 45, 46, able to withstand the pressure of sea water in the working diving to depths of up to 300 m when lifting objects (see figure 1).

When immersed to maximum depths of up to 1000 m, all four cavities are filled with sea water to increase strength with a minimum internal pressure according to the principle of a hermetically filled vessel. MAK on the principle of an excavator bucket carries out a giant volumetric capture, followed by the lifting and transfer of various large-sized objects in a horizontal plane to the surface

a) sunken ships and submarines (see figure 2);

B) minerals;

C) the transfer of bottom soil with the expansion of bays, fairways, also for falling asleep of environmentally hazardous objects;

D) soil filling for the construction of coastal facilities.

2) MAK is an autonomous floating dock capable of holding raised objects above the surface of the ocean with their subsequent processing, reloading or disposal. For this purpose, the IAC is equipped with two sixty-meter telescopic cranes that move along the entire surface of blocks B and D, capable of working both above the surface of the ocean and at depth, performing lifting and installation operations (see figure 2) No. 28 to 32. Cutting dead old ships can be carried out directly on the seabed or on the surface with special cutting cables in several places and in any plane.

3) IAC is a marine rescuer capable of assisting the injured vessel in various ways based on the situation.

For example:

A) raise to the surface an emergency nuclear submarine (see Figure 2) No. 24 from depths of up to one kilometer;

B) support the sinking ship from below, not allowing it to sink;

B) urgently pump oil products from a damaged tanker;

D) by digging the bottom soil, the ship doomed to destruction can be stranded;

E) when extinguishing a major fire on a ship, there is the only way to quickly fill the fire, it is to open the kingston valves and fill the ship with water, but previously supporting it from below using the IAC;

E) a ship trapped in ice can also be saved, having a maximum speed of about 15 knots, in the submerged position, the IAC will be in place faster than surface icebreakers. Further, with the help of cutting cylindrical screws No. 17, ice will crumble from an underwater or surface position, helping the vessel to get out of the ice captivity;

G) IAC can also destroy a small iceberg, gradually draining the ice layer by layer in the lower part.

4) MAK is an autonomous drilling platform capable of simultaneously developing 12 wells at depths from 40 to 1000 meters. The development of the continental shelf of the Arctic Ocean will always be an urgent task, with the help of the IAC there is a real opportunity to become a leader in the field of deep sea drilling. Eight months a year, the northern seas are covered with drifting ice, for this reason it is impossible to use well-known drilling platforms. Severe climatic conditions pose serious obstacles to the development of huge storage reserves of hydrocarbons. The IAC is endowed with the technologies used in nuclear submarines, which will allow the crew of more than 300 people to be at a great depth for several months, performing cluster drilling. The accumulated experience in the construction of military submarines should be useful on the IAC. Long-tested systems, components, assemblies, for example: a nuclear power plant, air regeneration system, immersion and lift system, and so on, can be used on the IAC. Twelve drilling compartments are exactly the same in size, approximately 25 × 20 × 10, have the necessary area to accommodate new drilling equipment and a supply of pipes, to operate in a controlled automatic mode without the use of physical force (see figure 3) No. 11. It is also possible to place special drilling equipment operating under water pressure on the outside of the IAC housing.

5) MAK is a gigantic surface, underwater ferry capable of performing previously impossible tasks for transportation and installation of various large-sized objects on the ocean floor, especially in the Far North.

For example: 1. Installation of the pipeline on the seabed will be carried out as follows: the required supply of pipes with a total length of 500 kilometers in the amount of 2600 pieces with a diameter of 500 millimeters of 240 meters is stacked on a surface of MAK blocks. As you move through every 240 meters, the pipeline is connected by welding or a threaded connection in automatic mode with a special device that moves across the stack (see figure 4).

2. Delivery and installation by surface method to any point of the ocean of various kinds of bulk cargo, bulky building structures, wood, heavy equipment on the surface of blocks B and G.

6) IAC will find application as a marine intermediate airfield with refueling and maintenance due to the large take-off and landing surface of 25,000 square meters. meters. Mi-6, Mi-8 helicopters, seaplanes, airships will carry out cargo and passenger transportation to the mainland.

7) IAC can be a deep-water base for divers like a diving bell with a decompression chamber and deep-sea descent vehicles for research and repair work.

8) MAK can be used for driving underwater artificial tunnels, passages, grottoes (for example, in the construction of special bases, storage facilities), for deepening rivers, laying channels.

9) Instead of blocks B and D, on the MAK design base, one sub-ice oil loading compartment of 200,000 tons can be installed for transportation in the Far North.

10) MAK can be used as a self-propelled floating platform having an energy source from a nuclear power plant. Residential houses located on its surface will create a whole village where there will be normal conditions for the life of one thousand geologists, researchers of the Arctic, Antarctic. In necessary cases, the IAC is able to get out of the sea to land and cover the necessary distances as a giant all-terrain vehicle.

11) IAC is a giant icebreaker capable of crushing the heaviest ice on the surface of the ocean with a width of up to 100 meters due to horizontal screw-rotor cutting. Depending on the situation, the IAC has the ability to simply crumble ice, leaving it on the surface, and also completely clear the passage, leaving a clean space. Being in the surface position, MAK cylindrical screws having a diameter of 23 meters are rolled onto the surface of the ice sheet with sharp incisors (spikes) fixed on the surface of the screws. In this case, under the influence of the mass downward and the lateral pressure of the screws, the crushed ice will shift to the side. A similar process will occur from underwater position, but less destructive. Clinging to the bottom edge of the ice, you can maximize the speed of movement to about 15 knots (see figure 5) No. 34, 37.

12) IAC, equipped with special equipment for processing freshly produced hot oil, right at the well site, in the Arctic, located on the seabed of the Continental shelf, can become an oil refinery. The feasibility of obtaining products of oil distillation: gasoline, kerosene, solarium, fuel oil and associated gas in the Far North near settlements, large islands, is obvious. Sea water temperature will be a natural stabilizer of the condensation process.

MAK in its design is a giant slab (plane), having dimensions of 100-260-14 meters, consisting of four main parts (blocks). Two stationary parts A and B relative to the horizontal surface and two internal B and D have the ability to rotate around its axis by 360 degrees in different directions with a total force of 400,000 tons using four rotary gearboxes No. 6.

On the edges of parts A and B on supports No. 2, 20 are four cylindrical screws No. 17 with cutting teeth (spikes) No. 34 having a total diameter of 23 meters.

The overall dimensions of the IAC will be 100-306-14 (23) meters with a mass of 180 thousand tons. MAK has four systems of immersion and lifting, mutually complementary.

1) The system uses sea sand as ballast in special lifting containers No. 26, located on the surfaces of blocks A and B, for diving to great depths up to 1000 meters.

2) The system is based on the use of water-repellent force from working screws with a total total thrust of up to ten thousand tons, see No. 4, 38, 39, 40.

3) The system is used to work at shallow depths, based on the pumping out of the ballast water volume while replacing it with gas or compressed air.

4) The system is based on squeezing the volume of ballast water with excess gas pressure from the reaction of special chemicals or burning of termite-gas blocks.

To lift objects from depths up to 300 meters, IAC will use outboard water under low pressure in drilling compartments No. 11 as ballast. Compartments No. 8 will carry out the work of compressed air receivers for the subsequent purging of compartments No. 11 when lifting, while the (cells) of the body will also be under compressed air pressure, compartments No. 10 will be filled with compressed gas. When lifting objects from depths from 300 to 1000 meters in compartments No. 10 and No. 11 there will be compressed air, the body cells will be filled with fresh or outboard water for ballast and increase in strength with a minimum internal pressure according to the principle of a filled vessel.

The ballast in the (lifting tarpaulin) containers No. 26 will be sea sand, which is washed and washed off with water-jet screws No. 38.

All compartments and units located in parts B and D are multifunctional, depending on the circumstances, they perform various tasks that complement each other.

1) The durable case shown in figure 1 will also perform the functions of: a) a receiver for compressed air, b) a cylinder for various gases, c) a container for fresh water, d) a container for various kinds of oil products, e) a pontoon for lifting loads to the surface using pumps or special pyrotechnic shells.

2) Compartments No. 11 perform the functions of: a) the premises where the drilling equipment will be located and the required number of pipes for drilling, b) the pontoon, c) the receiver for compressed air, d) the container for various gases, e) the container for oil products, e) diving bell with decompression chamber. It is also possible to use pure specialization, these blocks can be used only for one specific job: drilling wells, transporting oil products under the ice method, and processing freshly extracted oil on the seabed. In cluster drilling at depths from 40 to 1000 meters, 12 drilling compartments are filled with compressed air or a gas mixture under a certain pressure to create an internal backpressure on the walls of the IAC honeycomb body. That will create the necessary volume of 50 × 10 × 30 to accommodate drilling equipment and pipe stock without the use of spacers. Drilling will be carried out in a controlled automatic mode without the participation of physical strength. Seawater will be used as ballast a) in the cells of the hull under minimal pressure, which will give additional strength according to the principle of rigidity of the filled vessel, b) fresh water in compartments No. 9, c) if necessary, sea sand in lifting containers No. 26, placed on the surfaces of parts A and B. When using a smaller number of drilling compartments No. 11, free compartments will be used as ballast filled with sea water, and (cells) of the body will be pressurized with compressed air or gas mixture and. The MAK is equipped with two nuclear power plants No. 7, for the effective operation of all mechanisms a powerful source of energy in two copies is needed, which stabilizes the load in different operating modes. At high energy costs, four powerful No. 5 batteries are additionally required.

Redundant sources are also required for maximum energy efficiency.

1. Compressed air.

2. Compressed gas obtained from chemical reactions or combustion of special termite-gas checkers (rods). For example, for squeezing ballast water.

3. Liquefied hydrogen and oxygen produced from sea water as a result of splitting into individual chemical elements in a special installation. Where, incidentally, electrolysis on an industrial scale can produce precious metals gold and silver.

The proposed device (IAC) from an economic point of view is a self-sustaining project that deserves attention. The profit that this device can bring is obvious. With the costs of further elaboration of the project in research and development institutes and directly for construction, the cost of the IAC will be one billion US dollars similar to the costs of building a nuclear submarine. Unlike military equipment, the IAC is capable of self-financing in about two years. The amount of work performed can be planned for the entire life of approximately thirty years. The main advantages of IAC are simplicity, reliability, versatility, efficiency and prestige of Russia. If I receive a patent for an invention called the Marine Autonomous Complex (IAC) in the field of creating marine technical equipment, I will offer it on mutually beneficial conditions for practical use by specialized institutes and design bureaus of the shipbuilding industry or organizations of the Navy. As a result of further development of the project, a single design bureau may be formed. This will be followed by a period of practical and scientific justification of a whole direction in the advisability of using this type of device under the name of IAC. The development of the natural resources of the oceans will always be the urgent task of mankind.

Russia, which has its enormous natural storage of minerals, is obliged to use them from a reasonable point of view in economic terms. For the prospect of developing the entire region of the Far North, it is necessary to do the deep processing of hydrocarbons directly at the place of production, this will reduce supplies to the north to a minimum. Soon, the Continental Shelf of the Arctic Ocean will inevitably have to be mastered. The main obstacle will be overcoming the harsh climatic conditions of the Far North.

To solve this difficult task, in my opinion, it is necessary to create a theoretical, scientific, technical, personnel system that would have all the necessary conditions for rapid prosperity when using devices called IACs on all seas and oceans. It is necessary to use all the world experience, advanced technologies, striving for the future, innovative solutions, inventive activity, stimulated by decent payment.

The deeply thought-out legal, production, and financial activities of the newly created company in the oil and gas industry, so far in my imagination, under the name “Russian Shelf”, will enable citizens to work worthily and raise their standard of living for the benefit of the development of the economy of the whole country.

Claims (1)

An autonomous marine complex comprising a building with a power unit and a residential unit, characterized in that the building is made of honeycomb compartments and forms a slab with dimensions of 100 × 260 × 14 m, which has two fixed parts A and B and two internal parts B and G with the ability to rotate 360 degrees around its axis to capture large-sized sunken objects, minerals and bottom soil, while along the edges of parts A and B on the supports there are four cylindrical screws having cutting teeth (spikes) for screw-rotor cutting ice.

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