RU2267257C2 - Method for producing and utilization of wood waste fuel blanks and apparatus for effectuating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry, in particular, utilization of wood wastes as fuel in fuel-energetic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method involves gathering, piling, and compacting wood wastes and binding at gathering sites by means of manual or hydraulic devices; transporting bundles or rolls of predetermined sizes to utilization places for further burning without additional processing. Apparatus has self-propelled vehicle with trailer. Apparatus may be furnished with manual or hydraulic compacting device.

EFFECT: optimized cutting area works and reduced costs for effectuating the same.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention can be used in forestry and the fuel and energy industry.

Known methods of using wood waste as fuel, in the preparation of which for consumption the wood is subjected to such technological processes as crushing, pressing, heating, cooling, etc., which significantly increases the cost of the resulting fuel.

For example, the famous "Press for briquetting wood waste", ed. St. SU No. 1785505, class 30 V 11/24, 27 N 3/20, 1992, for which the wood waste is shredded, then fed through the acceptance zone to the pre-compression zone and the formation zone, where it is heated to a temperature of 150-300 ° C, then cooled to a temperature below 100 ° C in the holding zone.

The fuel obtained using this method will be much more expensive than the fuel obtained using the method proposed by the author, due to the fact that in the method proposed by the author, technological processes such as crushing, heating, cooling are excluded.

Also known is a forestry machine for forming cut forest in rolls equal to the length of cut trees, US Pat. SE No. 8000961-6, cl. A 01 G 23/08; B 65 B 27/10, 1981, which works according to the following scheme: from the cutting saw, the trees enter the mobile belt device, which stacks the trees on the receiving flyover. From the trestle, the trees enter a crimping device consisting of disks located around a central hole and rotating in the same direction and in the same plane under the influence of drive rollers. Under the influence of the rotating discs, the trees move forward, are crimped and wrapped with wire or strong twine.

The disadvantages of this machine: large dimensions - therefore, can only carry out continuous sampling in open spaces; uneven quality of the seal along the length of the roll; high consumption of binding material; great complexity and material consumption; high power consumption; the roll is unloaded at the place of its processing, which involves additional transport and loading (or cargo handling) means.

Also known semi-stationary sealing hydraulic device, US Pat. US No. 4467712, cl. 65 B 13/20, 1984, which consists of a receiving chamber bounded by horizontal, vertical and rear planes; from two hydraulic drives with a thrust board located in a vertical plane and moving along horizontal grooves located in the upper and lower planes; drum with knitting wire.

The device operates as follows: when the receiving chamber is loaded with timber, hydraulic actuators are driven to advance the thrust board and thus sealing the assembled timber. The compacted timber is tied with wire, then the upper bounding board is lifted with the handle and the packed timber is unloaded from the sealing device.

The disadvantages of this device are: the device is semi-stationary, which involves a large area, and therefore, the distance for the toe of the timber (the large complexity of collecting timber); compacted timber is not unloaded into the vehicle body, but directly at the place of processing, which involves a special transport or loading (or transport and loading) tool; it is inconvenient to load branched timber, high material consumption and complexity; preliminary piece formation of timber is necessary along the length, which is inconvenient in the field; A special power unit for hydraulic drives is needed.

The purpose of the invention: the cost reduction of logging operations (mainly for intermediate felling and other felling); maximum utilization of logging (as well as any other long-length wood) waste; obtaining local, cheap and environmentally friendly fuels for boiler rooms and gas generating plants; the use of ash as a fertilizer.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for efficient combustion, as well as for ease of use in a boiler furnace or in a gas generator, wood waste is packaged, compacted, formed and tied in a manual or hydraulic sealing device in a certain size, bunches or rolls at the place of collection are raised body, transported to the place of their use and burned without additional processing.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the logging complex.

Figure 2 is a rear view of the trailer with sealing and lifting devices.

Figure 3 is a side view of the rear of the trailer with a sealing device in a closed state (i.e., with compacted timber) and a lifting device.

Figure 4 - location (side view) of the hydraulic sealing device.

Figure 5 is a variant of the location of the hydraulic sealing device for large workpieces.

The logging complex consists of a Belarus-type tractor 1 with a trailer 2, on which a manual jaw-type sealing device is installed, which consists of a receiving chute 4 rigidly mounted on a cantilever suspension frame 3. The upper movable part 5 of the sealing device is fixed on the axis 6, attached to the receiving chute 4 and to the cantilever frame 3 uprights 7 and has a lever (s) 8.

A manual lifting device mounted on the sides of the trailer 2, consists of a block 9, located on the axis 10, mounted on racks 11.

The hydraulic sealing device consists of a frame 12 attached to the body of the trailer 2 or to the tractor frame (Fig. 5) of a fixed half cylinder 13, rigidly attached to the frame 12, and a movable half cylinder 14, driven by a hydraulic actuator 15.

The hydraulic device operates as follows: the movable half cylinder 14, moving forward under the action of the hydraulic actuator 15, compacts the timber laid on the receiving platform between the two half cylinders.

The basic technological scheme for achieving this goal is as follows: several lumberjacks with a narrow strip (in ideal conditions - no more than 3 - 5 meters from the trailer), moving along the forest area together with the logging complex and cutting down trees and shrubs intended for felling, and also collecting dead wood and other non-timber wood, put them in the receiving chute 4. Having laid enough wood, lumberjacks cut chains with branches of wood, which protrude beyond certain dimensions, raise and stack them cut threads and sealed with them by means of the lever (s) 8 into a bundle or roll, which is then tied with a soft binding wire in two or three places and is raised in the body of the trailer manual lifting device.

Having fully loaded the trailer body, the blanks are sent to the warehouse for their further use.

Claims (3)

1. A method of obtaining and using wood fuel billets, including packaging, forming, compacting and linking into bunches or rolls of wood waste at the place of collection using manual or hydraulic devices for efficient burning at the place of use without additional processing. 2. A device for producing wood fuel preforms, comprising a self-propelled vehicle with a trailer and a sealing mechanism, including a receiving chute fixed to the suspension frame mounted on the trailer, while the upper movable part of the sealing mechanism is mounted on an axis attached to the receiving chute and cantilever frame racks, and equipped with a lever for tying into bundles or rolls of wood waste. 3. A device for producing wood fuel preforms comprising a self-propelled vehicle with a trailer on which a receiving chute is mounted, a hydraulic sealing device consisting of a frame attached to the trailer body of the self-propelled vehicle or its frame, and a movable half cylinder rigidly fixed to the frame a sealing device and moved by a hydraulic actuator for linking wood waste into bundles or rolls, while the receiving chute is made open from the end faces and from above.

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