RU2267015C1 - Device for mixing and igniting working mixture in internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; piston internal combustion engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device for mixing and igniting working mixture in internal combustion engine has fuel feed pump connected by channel with engine cylinder, system to create high-voltage spark inside cylinder coupled with fuel feed pump. High-voltage spark is formed by high-voltage electrode connected to high-voltage source and arranged inside open current conducting reservoir with clearance left between reservoir and high-voltage electrode. Said open current-conducting reservoir is connected by channel with fuel feed pump.

EFFECT: increased thermal efficiency and economy of internal combustion engine.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the production of internal combustion engines, and in particular to the design of reciprocating internal combustion engines. A device for mixing and igniting a working mixture of a diesel internal combustion engine is known, comprising a fuel supply pump connected by a pipe to a nozzle injecting fuel into the heated air of a cylinder (see Kolchin A.I. Calculation of automobile and tractor engines: Textbook for universities / A. I.Kolchin, V.P. Demidov - 3rd ed. Revised and enlarged - M .: Higher school, 2002, p.13).

The disadvantages of the described device include the need for high injection pressure of up to several hundred megapascals, the complexity and high cost of fuel equipment elements.

Closest to the proposed invention in technical essence and the achieved result (prototype) is a device for mixture formation and ignition of a working mixture of an internal combustion engine with internal mixture formation and ignition from a spark, containing a fuel supply pump connected by a channel to an injector that injects fuel into the engine cylinder, system to create a high-voltage electric spark inside the cylinder, connected to the fuel supply pump and containing a breaker, a coil behind a burning plug and a spark plug placed in a combustion chamber (see Vishnyakov NN et al. Automobile: Fundamentals of Design. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1986, p. 87-96).

The disadvantages of this device are the limitation of the degree of compression due to the possibility of detonation of the working mixture, which reduces the thermal efficiency of the engine; the requirement of a high octane number of fuel in order to avoid detonation, which leads to its high cost; the complexity of the system to create a high-voltage electric spark inside the cylinder, which leads to increased complexity of manufacturing the device.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the thermal efficiency and efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

To achieve this technical result, in a device for mixing and igniting a working mixture of an internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel supply pump connected by a channel to an engine cylinder, a system for generating a high voltage electric spark inside a cylinder, coupled to a fuel supply pump, a system for creating a high voltage electric spark inside the cylinder is made in the form of a high voltage electrode connected to a high voltage source and placed inside an open t the surrounding reservoir with the formation of a gap between the reservoir and the high voltage electrode, wherein the open conductive reservoir is connected by a channel to the fuel supply pump.

In addition, the open conductive tank is coated with a combustion catalyst material, mainly platinum.

With this mixture formation and ignition of the working mixture, implemented by the inventive device, intensive mixing of droplets of fuel and air occurs in the combustion chamber of the engine due to the high efficiency of the electro-hydraulic effect. At the same time, an electric spark ignites the working mixture at the right time. This leads to the elimination of restrictions on the magnitude of the degree of compression due to detonation, since air is compressed in the cylinder without fuel, and makes it possible to use rational values of the degree of compression, which increases the thermal efficiency of the engine; This eliminates the need for high octane fuel requirements and therefore improves engine efficiency. In addition, the simplification of the system for creating a high-voltage electric spark inside the cylinder is achieved, which reduces the complexity of manufacturing a device for mixture formation and ignition of the working mixture of an internal combustion engine.

Covering the tank with platinum will improve the combustion process, reduce the amount of harmful substances in the exhaust gases due to the presence of a material - a combustion catalyst.

The present invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of a device for mixture formation and ignition of the working mixture of an internal combustion engine.

Additionally, the direction of the fuel supply is indicated by an arrow in the drawing.

A device for mixing and igniting a working mixture of an internal combustion engine comprises a housing 1 mounted on a cylinder head 2 of an internal combustion engine. A high-voltage electrode 3 is placed in the casing to create a high-voltage electric spark, insulated from the casing by an insulator 4 and connected to a high-voltage source 5, as well as a channel 6 for supplying fuel from the fuel feed pump 7 to the engine cylinder. An open conductive reservoir 8 is installed on the housing 1, into which liquid fuel 9 enters through the channel 6. The high-voltage electrode 3 forms a gap relative to the reservoir 8.

The system for creating a high voltage electric spark inside the cylinder, connected with the fuel supply pump 7, is made in the form of a high voltage electrode 3 connected to a high voltage source of increased power 5 and placed inside an open conductive tank 8.

An open conductive tank 8 is coated with a combustion catalyst material, mainly platinum.

A device for mixture formation and ignition of the working mixture of an internal combustion engine operates as follows.

Air is sucked into cylinder 2 of the internal combustion engine, air is compressed in cylinder 2, and liquid fuel 9 is supplied in cylinder 2 under pressure. In this case, the fuel 9 from the fuel supply pump 7, passing through the channel 6, accumulates in the tank 8, occupying the space between the tank 8 and the electrode 3. At the end of compression from the high voltage source of increased power 5 between the electrode 3 and the tank 8, the accumulated fuel 9 is passed through an electric spark of high voltage, exposing the fuel 9 to the electro-hydraulic effect. Due to the electro-hydraulic effect, the fuel 9 is sprayed in ambient air in the combustion chamber, the formation of a working mixture of fuel and air and its ignition. After this, expansion occurs in the usual way.

Thus, the proposed device for mixture formation and ignition of the working mixture of an internal combustion engine allows you to use rational values of the degree of compression, to use fuels with a low octane number, to simplify the mixture formation system.

Claims (1)

A device for mixing and igniting a working mixture of an internal combustion engine, comprising a fuel supply pump connected by a channel to an engine cylinder, a system for generating a high voltage electric spark inside a cylinder, coupled to a fuel supply pump, characterized in that the high voltage electric spark creating system inside the cylinder is made in in the form of a high-voltage electrode connected to a high voltage source and placed inside an open conductive tank with about the formation of a gap between the reservoir and the high-voltage electrode, wherein the conductive reservoir is connected by a channel to the fuel supply pump, while the open conductive reservoir is coated with a combustion catalyst material, mainly platinum.