RU2266800C1 - Builtup gear cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering, manufacture of gear cutting tools.

SUBSTANCE: gear cutter includes housing with grooves in which cutting teeth are mounted and fixed in axial direction by means of pressure ring. In order to enhance efficiency of gear cutting and to stabilize parameters of cut gear wheels, radial grooves have mutually parallel lateral sides. Teeth are secured to bottom of groove by means of screw arranged in axial grooves of housing. Gear cutter is provided with separator whose surfaces inclined relative to lengthwise axis engage with reciprocal surfaces of teeth; and with nut-tie rod screwed into central opening of housing for holding separator by means of washer secured to nut-tie rod with the aid of screws.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of gear cutting.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the production of gear cutting tools, and can be used in the manufacture of gears by gear grinding.

A known construction of a cutter, which includes a housing with a center hole and placed on it teeth with a mechanism for controlling their thickness [1]. This mechanism includes a sleeve made coaxially with the housing with protrusions located on its end surface and entering into the slots, which are made in the cavities between the teeth evenly relative to the center hole.

The disadvantages of the known design are, firstly, the constantly accumulating change in the front and rear angles of the cutter with each adjustment to compensate for the wear of the cutter by increasing its outer diameter, since the teeth of the cutter will not diverge in the radial direction, but at some angle to the vertical axis dolbyak, the value of which the front angle will decrease, and the rear will increase, which will lead to additional deviations of the profile of the cut wheels; secondly, the well-known dolbyak is not a reusable tool, but only slightly increases the resource of re-flows, after the exhaustion of which its body (the most expensive part) becomes unusable and needs to be replaced with a new one, which makes the operation of such a tool ineffective; thirdly, due to the low rigidity of the construction of the dolbyak, since each tooth is separated from each other by slots, it can be used limitedly and only for gearing the wheels of small modules.

A known design gear cutting cutter, in the body of which the wedge-shaped grooves for installing the cutting teeth are made inclined relative to the axis of rotation of the tool, and from the side of the rear end the cutting teeth are fixed by means of a retaining ring, and from the front end side are tightened with a nut [2].

A disadvantage of the known dolbyak is a complex tooth-based scheme, in which there is no common base surface for them, and each tooth has an individual wedge-shaped base groove inclined to the longitudinal axis, laborious in manufacturing. This requires an individual adjustment of each tooth to its groove, which complicates and increases the cost of assembly.

In addition, the general fastening and fixing of cutting teeth in the body with the help of a clamping nut and a retaining ring do not allow each tooth to be fixed reliably and reliably, therefore, with the slightest deviations in the dimensions of the grooves and teeth, they will not be properly fixed and fixed, which makes the operation of this design ineffective .

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of gear grinding by creating a reusable adjustable prefabricated cutter and stabilize the parameters of the cut wheels by ensuring the constant outer diameter of the tool by extending the teeth of the cutter in the radial direction after regrinding.

The problem is solved with the help of the proposed precast gear cutter, in the case of which grooves are made with cutting teeth installed in them, fixed in the axial direction by means of a clamping ring, and the grooves are made radial with parallel lateral sides, and the teeth are attached to the bottom of the groove with screws located in the axial the grooves of the housing, while the dolbyak is equipped with a separator, which contacts the surfaces inclined to the longitudinal axis with the mating surfaces of the teeth, and a traction nut screwed into the center noe hole cutter and holding the separator via a washer attached to the nut-screw rod.

The proposed design of the cutter is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a prefabricated gear cutting dolbyak, General view; figure 2 is a longitudinal section along the tooth; figure 3 is a longitudinal section through the cavity; figure 4 is a view a from above, figure 2; figure 5 is a view of B, from below, in figure 2; figure 6 is a General view of the housing, item 1; figure 7 is a separator, a longitudinal section, 10; Fig.8 is a separator, a General view from above, pos.10.

The pre-assembled gear cutter consists of a housing 1, on the end of which grooves 2 are made radial with parallel lateral sides, with cutting teeth installed in them, consisting of inserts 3 and cutting inserts 4 connected by screws 5. The inserts 3 are L-shaped in longitudinal section and fixed on the housing 1 with screws 6 located in the axial grooves 7 of the housing 1, and the clamping ring 8 with screws 9. Dolbyak equipped with a separator 10, which contacts the surfaces 11 inclined to the longitudinal axis with the mating surfaces of the inserts 3. Separate OP 10 with a guaranteed minimum clearance is located on the rod nut 12, screwed into the central hole of the body 1 of the cutter, and is held on it with the washer 13, attached to the rod nut 12 with screws 14. When screwing the rod nut 12 into the housing 1 of the separator 10 thanks to the existing gaps, it performs only axial movement and, interacting with the teeth along inclined surfaces, advances them by a predetermined amount.

Assembly of the cutter is carried out in the following sequence. In the Central threaded hole of the housing 1 is screwed nut-rod 12 with the separator 10 and the washer 13. Then, in the radial grooves 2 are inserted the teeth in the assembly. The manufacture of teeth is carried out in a technological building - a device similar in design to the body of the dolbyak itself. Screws 6 are screwed into the tooth inserts 3 and the clamping plate 8 is screwed with screws 9.

To adjust the teeth of the dolbyak, it is necessary to loosen the clamping screws 6, 9 and 14, turn the tie rod 12, which together with the separator 10 will move in a vertical plane relative to the housing and cause the movement of the teeth of the dolbyak along the supporting surface of the bottom of the groove 2 of the housing 1 in the radial direction. After setting the required outer diameter, the teeth of the dolby must be tightened with the clamping screws 6, 9 and 14.

As you know, the degree of grinding of a cutter does not affect the correctness of cutting the teeth of the wheel. However, this is true only for the profile. When gearing, in most cases, if you use a cutter of varying degrees of wear, you will get a different height of the tooth of the wheel, as well as different transition curve and the degree of overlap by processing the active part of the profile of the tooth of the wheel.

Meanwhile, the identity of the cut teeth in height or in overlapping by processing the active part of the profile in the production of gears is often a necessary condition, especially when cutting teeth for subsequent shearing, when overlapping by processing the working height of the profile of the teeth of the wheel at any time during operation of the tool is a categorical condition.

The problem arises: how to ensure the specified overlap by processing at any degree of grinding of the cutter, when not only the diameter of the circumference of the protrusions decreases, but also the parameters of the gearing change. Standard cutters, in which the rear angle at the apex is assumed to be constant and equal to 6 °, it is impossible to fulfill this requirement (if we consider cutting a specific wheel).

A known method of stabilizing the parameters of the cut wheel, in which the rear angle at the apex is not constant, but calculated, determined so that the reduction in the outer diameter of the cutter with each regrinding occurs in accordance with the condition of ensuring a constant height of the cut teeth or constant overlap by processing the active part of the profile [ 3]. The rear angle, therefore, cannot be considered only as an element that provides the proper cutting conditions; it also determines the stability of the shaping of the teeth of the wheel in height at various degrees of grinding.

Thus, the design of the cutter, which allows cutting wheels with stable tooth sizes, should, in particular, differ from the standard one in that the top angle at the top is a calculated value depending on the specific conditions of engagement of the cutter and wheel. Such a cutter will provide the specified conditions only for specific wheel parameters, and if the latter changes (number of teeth, tooth thickness, etc.), the identity of the cut teeth in height can be violated.

In the proposed design of an adjustable adjustable chisel, another method is used to stabilize the parameters of the cut wheels, which ensures the constancy of the outer diameter of the tool due to the radial movement of the teeth of the chisel after regrinding. Moreover, the diameter of the circumference of the protrusions is taken as a constant diameter on which the teeth of the dolbyak are exposed.

The developed design of a modular adjustable cutter allows you to:

1) increase the resource of regrinding and achieve stabilization of the parameters of the cut wheels by restoring the diameter of the circumference of the protrusions of the dolbyak after regrinding;

2) to save expensive high-speed steel due to the repeated use of the cutter, which is very important for large-modular cutters;

3) to increase the efficiency of operation and maintainability of cutters due to the simplicity of design and the reliability of the teeth.

Sources of information

1. A.S. USSR 1627348, MKI B 23 F 21/10. Dolbyak / V.I. Denisenko and E.V. Gritskova. Application No. 4436366/08, declared 06.06.88, publ. 02/15/91. Bull.№6.

2. A.S. USSR 1268324, MKI B 23 F 21/10. Tooth-cutting dolbyak / P.R. Rodin, M.I.Olifirenko and V.V. Kostenko. Application No. 3911478 / 25-08, decl. 06/18/85, publ. 11/07/86. Bull. No. 41 is a prototype.

3. Romanov V.F. Calculations of gear cutting tools. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1969. - P.28.

Claims (1)

A prefabricated gear cutting cutter, in the case of which grooves are made with cutting teeth installed in them, axially fixed by means of a clamping ring, characterized in that the grooves are made radial with parallel lateral sides, and the teeth are attached to the bottom of the groove with screws located in the axial grooves of the housing, Moreover, it is equipped with a separator, which contacts surfaces inclined to the longitudinal axis with the mating surfaces of the teeth, and a traction nut screwed into its central hole and holding the separator via a washer attached to the nut-screw rod.

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