RU2266076C2 - Device, instrument set and method for removing teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has the first handle member manufactured as lever for being arranged in oral cavity and fastening means for connecting tooth structure under removal to working part of the handle member. The fastening means has fastening structure. The fastening structure is essentially U-shaped and has irregular opening in lower part for fitting removable connection member on tooth structure under removal. Instrument set for extracting teeth has at least one fastening member and device for extracting tooth. The fastening member has the first part fixable on the tooth structure and the second part connectable to the fastening member. Method involves fixing the connection member on removable tooth structure, attaching the connection member to the connection member and using the device together with the connection member.

EFFECT: simplified tooth extraction process; reduced painfulness and risk of traumatic complications.

19 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device, a set of tools and to a corresponding method for tooth extraction.

State of the art

The operation to remove the root of the tooth is usually carried out using surgical forceps or thin and sharp levers. The latter is required to be used in quite frequent situations when the removed root is completely immersed in the surrounding bone mass, because of which there are no “pick-up points” of the root with forceps. In addition, under these conditions it is often difficult to identify the edges of the root, since they are completely or partially covered by the surrounding mucous membrane of the gums.

In these cases, the lever is inserted between the junction of the bone and the edge of the root of the tooth and then the root is rotated by means of the lever to disconnect the root itself.

However, often due to the difficulty of isolating the edges of the root, it can be difficult to install the lever. In this case, first, between the bone and the root, a gap is formed sufficient to install the specified lever, using a cutter mounted on the dental drill.

The use of the above tools for dental treatment of the prior art and the corresponding methods of root removal is associated with many significant disadvantages.

Their main disadvantage is that the whole process is extremely difficult for the dentist, as well as very painful and traumatic for the patient. In addition, often as a result of using a lever or even a bone cutter, permanent damage to the bone occurs.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,454 to Lococo describes a tooth extraction tool kit comprising a connection tool connected to a tooth, adapted to be mounted on a lever, which, in turn, rests on a base usually mounted on a tooth or on teeth adjacent to deleted root. The connection means has a spherical head, which is pivotally connected to the forked end of the lever.

The technical problem to which the present invention is directed is the need to develop a device, a set of tools and an appropriate method to eliminate the disadvantages indicated above with reference to the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem described above is solved by a tooth extraction device according to claim 1.

The present invention, in addition, is directed to creating a tool kit for tooth extraction according to item 13 of the claims.

In accordance with the same concept, the present invention is also directed to a method for removing a tooth according to claim 18.

The present invention provides a number of significant advantages.

The main advantage is that the present invention allows to simplify the process of removing the root of the tooth.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Other advantages, characteristics and modes of operation of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of some embodiments thereof, given by way of non-limiting example. In this case, the attached drawings should be considered, in which:

figure 1 shows a perspective view with a partial exploded view of the details of the first embodiment of the device for tooth extraction in accordance with the present invention;

figure 2 shows a perspective view of the device of figure 1 in assembled form;

Figures 3A-3C show perspective views related to the steps of a tooth root removal method performed using a tooth extraction tool kit in accordance with the present invention;

figure 4 shows a perspective view of the device of figure 1 when performing the final stage of the method of tooth extraction according to figures 3A-3C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As primarily shown in figures 1 and 2, a device designed to remove the tooth, and in particular, to remove the root of the tooth, is generally indicated by the number 1.

In accordance with the present invention, the device 1 comprises a first handle element 3, which is used as a lever in the oral cavity to perform the desired removal. The element 3 is made with the possibility of fixing one end part on the operated tooth structure, which is called the working side of the device 1 below, using the fastening means 4.

The end portion substantially opposite to the working side, which is hereinafter referred to as the handle side of the handle element 3, has a shape convenient for the operator to hold, usually a dentist, by the hand.

In the present embodiment, the fastening means 4 comprises a fastening structure essentially having the front shape of the letter “U” with designated angles, which is also indicated by the number 4 and can be detachably fixed to the first handle element 3. Such a connection is made hinged to enable rotation of the structure 4 with respect to the first element 3 of the handle.

In the present invention, the device 1 also comprises a second handle element 2, which is adapted to be installed in the oral cavity in accordance with the steps described below and which is connected to the first handle element 3 in its middle part with the possibility of movement with respect to it. Thus, the device 1, in accordance with the present invention, has essentially the shape of tongs.

In the present embodiment, the device 1 further comprises adjustment means 5 for adjusting the relative position of the two elements 2 and 3 of the handles.

Each of the above components will be described in more detail below with reference to the specific embodiments considered.

On the working side of the second handle element 2, a support seating surface 61 is formed on which the support bar 63 of the elongated support 62 can be detachably mounted.

The supporting part 62 comprises a shaped bridge 64 extending substantially perpendicular to the bar 63. Such a bridge 64 has a substantially flattened "V" configuration with two flat side legs 65. Each of the legs is designed to support one or more teeth, located nearby or at some distance in the patient’s oral cavity. In particular, the configuration of the figured bridge 64 described above allows it to be used to support, in particular, the patient’s incisor teeth.

When connecting the support part 62 to the second handle element 2, the bridge 64 is mounted substantially perpendicular to the main axis of the device 1 to provide a stable and reliable stop during the removal operation.

Figure 1 schematically shows the connection of the support part 62 with the second element 2 of the handle through traditional means of connection, for example using a screw. It should be understood that in alternative embodiments, other connection options can be used, such as, for example, a detachable clip.

Preferably, the support member 62 is made of Teflon or other mechanically equivalent material.

In a simplified embodiment of the device in accordance with the present invention, the support part described above is absent. In this case, the working side of the second element 2 of the handle can either directly rest on the teeth, or a simple buffer element having a substantially parallelepiped shape can be used.

As the above-mentioned means 5 for adjusting the relative position of the two handle elements 2 and 3 on the second handle element 2, a slot 51 is formed in the direction from the supporting seating surface 61 to the gripping side by hand, which can interact with the tooth end portion 53 of the elongated adjustment element 52. Socket 51 comprises a plurality of grooves adjacent to each other, each of which may include a tooth of said tooth portion 53.

In particular, the angle of inclination of the adjusting element 52 with respect to the second element 2 of the handle can change with a corresponding change in the position of the pair of prong groove of the section 53 installed in the socket 51. After the element 52 is installed in the desired position, it can be fixed in this position on the second element 2 of the handle using connecting means of a traditional type, for example, threaded rods 54.

On the side opposite to the tooth portion 53, the adjusting member 52 is pivotally connected by a conventional means to the first handle member 3.

On the first handle element, closer to the working side with respect to the adjusting element 52, a plurality of attachment sockets 41 are formed. Each can be equipped with a connecting pin 42, which provides the aforementioned hinged connection with the possibility of disconnection between the structure 4 of the fastening and the handle 3. The pin 42 may, for example, be made in the form of a lock nut (not shown in the drawings).

On each of the two side walls of the “U” -shaped attachment structure 4, a corresponding socket 43 is formed which is configured to install studs 42 therein.

In addition, in the lower part of the "U" -shaped structure 4, a figured hole 44 is formed, intended for installation with the possibility of disconnecting the connecting element 7, which can be fixed on the root of the tooth. In particular, the hole 44 starts from the side wall of the "U" -shaped structure 4 and passes to its lower wall.

In the present embodiment, the connecting element 7 is a dental screw containing a first part, in particular a shank 71, which can be fixed on a removable root. The shank 71 has a means of gripping the tooth structure to be removed, in particular an external thread 73, which is usually performed in large increments to facilitate insertion of the shank into the root canal of the tooth and improve its engagement.

The connecting element 7 further comprises a second part, in particular a hex head 72, adapted to be installed in said hole 44. In particular, the hex head 72 can be installed in the hole 44 on the side, then inserted into the U-shaped structure and held in her.

The first and second elements 3 and 2 of the handle additionally contain the corresponding parts 21 and 31 of the capture, with which the dentist holds the tool in his hand. To facilitate gripping, such parts 21 and 31 can be made with an external bend, or they can be given the corresponding anatomical configuration, providing a tight grip by hand.

The various components of the device 1 described above, and in particular, the forceps structure formed by the two handles, the support part 62 and the fastening structure 4 can be delivered to the end user as a tool kit.

Such a tool kit may further comprise one or more screws of the type described above with different cross-sections so that such a tool kit can satisfy different requirements during the removal operation.

For the same reasons, the tool kit may also contain many mounting structures of various shapes and sizes.

The tool kit may further comprise an installation tool 8, shown in FIG. 3b, for inserting a screw into the root canal, and a channel expander, schematically shown in FIG. 3a, for expanding the opening of the root canal before installing the screw 7 in it.

In this embodiment, the installation tool 8 has a grooved installation head 81, with which the dentist can work directly or using the appropriate tool installed in a special socket formed in the head itself.

The installation tool 8 further comprises a tubular portion 82 with a hexagonal cross section. The screw head 72 can be detachably inserted into this tubular portion, and the dentist can rotate the screw insertion tool into the root canal.

The channel expander, possibly driven by an appropriate micromotor, is a conventional type expander and is not further described here.

In addition, it should be understood that the tool kit in accordance with the present invention may also contain many expanders and installation tools with different configurations and cross-sections.

The operating modes of the device and tool kit, in accordance with the present invention, will be described below with reference to figures 3a, 3b, 3c and 4. To illustrate various possible uses of the present invention, figures 3a, 3b and 3c show teeth using molars, while the cutters are shown in FIG. 4, which allows to present the advantages of the configuration of the support part 62 in accordance with this embodiment.

First, if necessary, the dentist separates the roots of the tooth using a milling cutter in accordance with the traditional technique, well known to specialists in this field of technology.

Then, the dentist expands the root canal of the tooth with a canal expander from the tool kit to expand the opening and allow the insertion of the connecting element 7 in the form of a screw into the canal, as shown in figa.

Then, as shown in fig.3b, the dentist inserts a screw into a sufficiently widened hole of the root canal, using the necessary installation tool 8, in accordance with the above modes of operation.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3c, the screw head 72 can be installed in the hole 44 of the attachment structure 4 by threading through such hole 44 until the shank 71 abuts against the inner edge of the hole.

As shown in FIG. 3c, the structure 4 can then be connected to the first handle element 3 to complete fixing the tooth root to the device 1.

It should be understood that many mounting sockets 41 allows you to adjust the position of the mounting means 4 with respect to the handle 3, which expands the versatile use of the device 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the second handle element 2 is then supported inside the oral cavity by means of a support part 62, which must first be fixed to the handle element 2.

Then, the device 1 can be used to remove the root by pressing on the parts 21 and 31 of the hand grip elements 2 and 3 of the handle, respectively. In particular, by pressing the second element 2 of the handle 2 in the abutment area inside the oral cavity, the dentist rotates the first element 3 of the handle in relation to the second handle and pulls the corresponding parts 21 and 31 of the handle. This movement leads to the extension of the fastening structure 4 and, consequently, of the tooth root attached to it from its anatomical socket, thus providing the required removal.

It should be understood that the adjustment means 5 can be adjusted before or after insertion of the device 1 into the oral cavity to regulate the relative position of the two handle elements 2 and 3 and, therefore, the lever tilts when removed. In particular, by installing such a means 5, a greater or less laterally directed pulling force can be obtained.

The hinge connection between the structure 4 and the first element 3 of the handle, preferably, allows for a gradual movement during removal, which naturally and effectively corresponds to the main direction of movement when removing the root of the tooth.

In addition, the support part 62 is preferably made of Teflon, which provides a satisfactory compromise between the resistance and the elasticity of the part in the abutment region when performing the required movement to remove the tooth root.

Thus, it is obvious that the device, tool kit and method, in accordance with the present invention, can significantly simplify the process of removing the root of the tooth and reduce the time required to complete this operation, even in the case of removing the root of the tooth with difficult access.

In particular, the device in accordance with the present invention, is an effective alternative to using levers, as well as tongs, and, first of all, it eliminates the need for a bone cutter.

In addition, dental surgery when removing teeth becomes less traumatic and painful for the patient compared to the prior art, as well as safer and provides better repeatability, allowing to reduce recovery time and reduce the risk of irreparable damage to the structure of the bone and oral cavity in general.

The above advantages represent a significant improvement, given the fact that the modern development of dental implantology requires non-traumatic removal before implantation to prevent damage to the area into which the bone implant is subsequently integrated.

In addition, although the present invention has been described above with reference to tooth root extraction, it should be understood that it can, in general, be used to remove any tooth structure. In particular, the present invention can be applied to remove the entire tooth, for example, when the use of levers is impractical or even technically impossible.

It should be understood that the embodiment described above makes it possible to organize a simple and economical production of the device in accordance with the present invention. However, the various components of the tool kit described above, and in particular, the supporting part, the attachment structure and the connecting element, can be made using various alternative configurations, as well as the size of the fixture to the specific features of the patient and the type of tooth root removal.

For example, as an alternative to the above-described plurality of sockets 41, specially designed control means can be used to adjust the position of the fastening means 4 with respect to the first handle element 3.

In addition, in another simplified embodiment of the present invention, the support part and the fastening structure are connected without releasing, rigidly or not, with the second and first handle elements 2 and 3, respectively.

In addition, in accordance with another embodiment, the fastening means is mounted with a sliding, rather than a hinged connection to the first element of the handle, and such a connection provides the required movement when removing the root of the tooth.

In addition, the connecting element can be made in the form of a liner, essentially similar to the liners used to fasten parts on the walls, and in particular, can be made in the form of grippers with side lobes.

Finally, it should be understood that in another simplified embodiment, the device in accordance with the present invention does not contain the second handle element described above. In fact, such a device can also be made in the form of a single element of the handle, similar to the first element of the handle described above, connected or made with the possibility of connection with the fastening means of the type, as described above, at the end or middle part thereof.

In addition, such a single element of the handle can be connected or made with the possibility of connection also with support means, such as, for example, the support part described above, which can be mounted on the end or in the middle part of the handle.

In such a simplified embodiment, when performing a tooth extraction operation, the operator rotates the handle element, resting the lever on the supporting region in the oral cavity.

The present invention has been described above with reference to its preferred embodiments. It should be understood that there may be other options for implementation, aimed at the same idea of the invention and included in the scope of protection defined by the attached claims.

Claims (19)

1. A device for removing a tooth, containing the first element of the handle in the form of a lever for placement inside the oral cavity and attachment means for connecting the structure of the tooth to be removed with the working part of the handle element, characterized in that the attachment means comprises an attachment structure essentially having the shape of a letter "U", and the mounting structure contains a figured hole formed in the lower part and made with the possibility of installation in it with the possibility of disconnecting the connecting element mounted on the removable rukture tooth. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening structure is detachably connected to the handle element. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first element of the handle contains mounting sockets, each of which is configured to be installed in it with the possibility of disconnecting the mounting structure. 4. The device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the fastening means are pivotally connected or made with the possibility of articulation with the first element of the handle. 5. The device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the mounting structure, essentially, has the shape of the letter "U" with straightened corners. 6. The device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains a second element of the handle, made with the possibility of installation in the oral cavity, connected in the middle part with the first element of the handle with the possibility of movement relative to it. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the first element of the handle is pivotally connected to the second element of the handle. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it contains means for regulating the relative position of these elements of the handle. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the control means comprises a slot with grooves formed on one of the indicated elements of the handle at the junction between the elements of the handle, and an element with teeth located between the elements of the handle, having a first part with teeth made with the possibility of connection with the specified socket with grooves, and a second part connected to another of these elements of the handle. 10. The device according to any one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that it contains an elongated supporting part, connected or made with the possibility of connection with the rest of the device. 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the part contains a curly bridge made with the possibility of installation, essentially perpendicular to the main axis of the device. 12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the supporting part is made of Teflon. 13. A set of tools for tooth extraction, including a dental device, characterized in that it contains a device made according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and at least one fastening element containing the first part, made with the possibility of fixing on the structure of the removed tooth, and the second part, made with the possibility of connection with the fastening means. 14. The tool kit according to item 13, wherein the at least one connecting element comprises means for fixing on the tooth structure to be removed. 15. The tool kit according to 14, characterized in that at least one connecting element is a dental screw. 16. The tool kit according to 14 or 15, characterized in that it contains an installation tool for fixing the connecting element to the structure of the extracted tooth. 17. A tool kit according to any one of claims 13-16, characterized in that it comprises at least one channel expander. 18. A method of tooth extraction, including fixing the connecting element on the structure of the tooth being removed; the connection of the connecting element with the device for tooth extraction according to claims 1-12 and the use of the device for removing the tooth together with the connecting element. 19. The method according to p. 18, characterized in that the tooth structure is the root of the tooth, and the step of fixing the connecting element to the tooth structure includes the step of expanding the root canal of the tooth and the subsequent step of introducing the specified connecting element into the expansion channel.

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