RU2265491C2 - Die set for equal-duct angular pressing (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic metal working with use of intensive plastic deformation, namely manufacture of nano-crystalline materials with improved degree of mechanical properties.

SUBSTANCE: die set includes slider and plate restricting inlet duct; stationary stop closing inlet duct and restricting together with plate outlet duct; ram and member for knocking out blank. Said member is joined with motion drive unit and it is mounted with possibility of introducing into additional through duct formed in slider. According to first variant of invention at initial position of slider its through duct is arranged in front of outlet duct. Slider may be shifter before starting pressing process by value exceeding size of through duct. According to second variant of invention through duct of slider is arranged in front of outlet duct in lower limit position of slider. Said cone-shape through duct of slider is closed by means of plug pressed-in to it.

EFFECT: improved design providing possibility for extracting last blank out of outlet duct before starting pressing of next lot of blanks.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure using intense plastic deformation and is intended to produce nanocrystalline materials with an increased level of mechanical properties of various metals and alloys.

A device for hardening a material by plastic deformation according to A.S. USSR No. 902884, IPC 7 В 21 С 25/00 dated 06/13/80, publ. In BI No. 5 of 1982, containing a container with a curved through channel bounded by two concentric and two parallel walls, and movable elements in the form of packets of high-strength flexible tapes installed in grooves made in each parallel channel wall concentrically to it.

The disadvantage of this device is the negative impact of friction in the input channel between its wall and the face of the workpiece. There are two such pairs in the device. Working pressures on the tool, and especially on the stamp, depend significantly on the contact conditions in the inlet channel. And, as a consequence of this, there is a high probability of breaking the press stamp during the pressing of the workpiece.

Devices are known in the art in which contact friction between the wall of the inlet channel and the face of the workpiece is eliminated in more than two pairs.

A well-known stamp according to the book: Processes of plastic structure formation of metals, V.M. Segal and others, Mn .: Navuka 1 tekhshka, 1994 - ISBN5-343-01164-0, pp. 106-107 contains a creep with a U-shaped channel, forming the inlet channel with the plate, the plate together with a fixed stop overlapping the inlet channel forms the outlet channel and the stamp.

The disadvantage of this stamp is that it does not provide for the possibility of removing the workpiece from the output channel after pressing. As a result, after pressing the batch of billets, the last billet not extracted from it remains in the output channel, since the billet is removed during the next pressing cycle of the subsequent billet or special from another material. In the case when pressing a different batch of preforms from a material of a different brand should be carried out at a heating temperature of the preform and stamp exceeding the melting temperature of the unextracted preform, its presence in the stamp is unacceptable.

The problem solved by this invention is to achieve the necessary working conditions.

The technical result achieved by using the present invention is to enable extraction of the last workpiece from the output channel before pressing the next batch of workpieces.

The above technical result is achieved by the fact that in the stamp for equal channel angular pressing, containing a cradle and a plate forming the inlet channel, a fixed stop, blocking the inlet channel and forming the outlet channel and the plate, and a stamp, an additional element for ejecting the workpiece connected with a displacement drive and installed with the possibility of entering the passage channel, additionally made in the crawler so that in the initial position of the crawler it is located opposite the exit to Nala, wherein polzushka is displaceable prior to compression by an amount exceeding passageway resolution.

The same result is achieved by the fact that in the stamp for equal channel angular pressing, containing a cradle and a plate forming the inlet channel, a fixed stop, blocking the inlet channel and forming the outlet channel with the plate, and a stamp, an additional element is made for expelling the metal from the outlet channel connected to the drive of movement and installed with the possibility of entering the passage channel, additionally made in the crawler so that in the extreme lower position of the crawler it is located opposite the output channel, while the passage channel is made conical in shape and blocked by a cork pressed into it.

An additional implementation of the element for pushing the workpiece made it possible to remove the workpiece from the output channel. The connection of the element with the drive movement provided the possibility of its movement. The installation of the element with the ability to enter the passage channel, additionally made in the creeper in such a way that at the initial position of the creeper it is located opposite the output channel, made it possible for the element to interact with the workpiece when removing the latter from the output channel. The execution of the crawler with the possibility of displacement prior to pressing by an amount exceeding the size of the passage channel ensured the passage of the passage channel from the zone of intense plastic deformation of the workpiece and thereby eliminated the possibility of the workpiece material getting into it during pressing. This embodiment of the passage channel made it possible to extract the workpiece at the initial position of the crawler after the crawler returned from its lowest position. The difference between the second embodiment of the stamp from the first is the implementation of the passage channel in the crawler so that in the extreme lower position of the crawler it is located opposite the output channel. This embodiment of the passage channel made it possible to extract the workpiece at the lowest position of the crawler before returning it to its original position. The execution in the creep of the passage channel with a conical and overlapped cork pressed into it excluded the possibility of ingress of the workpiece material during pressing.

Figure 1 shows a stamp for equal channel angular pressing, in the initial position (option 1); figure 2 is the same top view (option 1); figure 3 is the same at the time of the beginning of pressing (option 1); figure 4 - shows a stamp for equal channel angular pressing, in the initial position (option 2); figure 5 is the same (option 2), at the time of pressing.

The stamp (see Fig. 1, option 1) contains a spider 1, a plate 2, a fixed stop 3 and a stamp 4. A spider 1, in which a U-shaped groove is made, with the plate 2 form an input channel 5. A fixed stop 3, which blocked the input channel 5, formed the output channel 6 with the plate 2. All of the above details are mounted in the sleeve 7, which is pressed into the bandage 8.

In addition, there is an element that is connected to the drive movement. In this case, they are a rod 9 and a screw 10, made in one piece. The rod 9 is installed with the possibility of entry into the passage channel 11, made in the creeper 1. The rod 9, in the initial position of the creep 1, is located opposite the output channel 6. The screw 10 is placed in the threaded hole made in the bandage 8.

The creeper 1 is made with the possibility of displacement before pressing by an amount L exceeding the size of the passage channel M.

To return the creep 1 to its initial position, a spring 12 is used. The workpiece 13 is installed in the inlet channel 5 in its initial position. The stamp (see FIG. 4, option 2) contains a cushion 14, a plate 15, a fixed stop 16 and a press stamp 17. The creeper 14, in which a U-shaped groove is made, a working channel 18 is formed with a plate 15. A fixed stop 16, which overlaps the working channel 18, forms an output channel 19 with a plate 15. All of the above details are mounted in a sleeve 20, pressed into the bandage 21.

In addition, there is an element that is connected to the drive movement. In this case, they are a rod 22 and a screw 23, made in one piece. The rod 22 is installed with the possibility of entry into the passage channel 24, made in the creep 14. The passage channel 24 is conical in shape and is blocked by a stopper 25 pressed into it. The rod 22 at the extreme lower position of the creep 14 is located opposite the outlet channel 19. The screw 23 is placed in the threaded hole performed in a bandage 21.

To return the creep 14 to its initial position, a spring 26 is used. The workpiece 27 in the initial position is installed in the input channel 18. The drive for moving the elements 8 and 22 (see Figs. 1 and 4) can be made in various versions, for example, in the form of a pneumatic cylinder (not shown).

As an element for returning the sliders 1 and 14 to their initial position, for example, a rod passed through an opening in the cradle, connected at one end to a press slider, and having a stop (not shown) at the other end, can also be used.

The stamp (see figure 1 and 2) works as follows.

The blank 13 during pressing may be in a cold or heated state. Compression of the workpiece 13 in the cold state is also carried out in an unheated stamp.

Heating the workpiece 13 to high temperatures (several hundred ° C) can be carried out in a furnace mounted separately from a heated stamp or directly in a stamp placed in a tubular furnace (not shown).

When exposed to a press slider (not shown) with a force P on the press stamp 4, the latter, interacting with the slider 1, shifts the latter down. When moving the creeper 1 (see Fig. 3) to a distance L, the passage channel 11 leaves the zone of intense plastic deformation of the workpiece 13, after which the press stamp 4 interacts with the workpiece 13. During the further stroke of the press slider, the workpiece 13 is pushed into the output channel 6 the same cross section. In this case, the slider 1 will move to the lower part of the brace 8. The stroke of the stamp 4 is carried out to the upper level of the output channel 6. With the reverse stroke of the press slider, the slider 1 will return to its original position under the action of the compressed spring 12. The deformed workpiece 13 is pushed out of the output channel 6 when pressing the next workpiece, etc.

In this case, to extract the last workpiece from the output channel 6, it is necessary to carry out the following actions.

Before pushing the workpiece, the spider 1 is returned to its original position. To do this, the press slider is moved up. The creep 1 occupies its original position under the influence of the spring 12. The workpiece is pushed out using the rod 9, which, when the screw 10 is rotated, enters the passage channel 11 and interacts with it. After the ejection of the workpiece from the output channel 6, the screw 10 is returned to its original position.

The stamp (see figure 4) works as follows. The blank 27 during pressing may be in a cold or heated state. The pressing of the workpiece 27 in the cold state is also carried out in an unheated stamp.

Heating the workpiece 27 to high temperatures (several hundred ° C) is carried out in a furnace mounted separately from a heated stamp, or directly in a stamp placed in a tubular furnace (not shown).

When exposed to a press slider (not shown) with a force P on the press stamp 17, the latter interacts with the creep 14 and the end face of the workpiece 27 shifts the first to the lower extreme position, and pushes the second into the outlet channel 19 of the same cross section. The stroke of the stamp 17 is carried out to the upper level of the output channel 19. The deformed workpiece 27 is pushed out of the output channel 19 during subsequent pressing of the workpiece. Then carry out the pressing of the next workpiece 27, etc.

In this case, to extract the last workpiece from the output channel 19, it is necessary to carry out the following actions.

The workpiece is pushed out using a rod 22, which, when the screw 23 is rotated, enters the passage channel 24 and interacts with it through the plug 25. After the workpiece is pushed out of the output channel 19, the screw 23 and the plug 24 are returned to their original position.

During the reverse stroke of the press slider, the slider 14 returns to its initial upper position under the influence of the spring 26. For this, the press slider is moved up.

After several such technological transitions of each batch of billets 13 or 27, we obtain from them products with hardened metal properties.

The use of this invention made it possible to extract the last workpiece from the output channel before pressing the next batch of workpieces.

Claims (2)

1. A stamp for equal channel angular pressing, containing a cradle and a plate forming the input channel, a fixed stop overlapping the input channel and forming the output channel with the plate, and a stamp, characterized in that it additionally has an element for ejecting the workpiece connected to a moving drive and installed with the possibility of entering the passage channel, additionally made in the crawler so that, in the initial position of the crawler, it is opposite the output channel, while the crawler and with the possibility of displacement before pressing by an amount exceeding the size of the passage channel. 2. A stamp for equal channel angular pressing, containing a cradle and a plate forming the input channel, a fixed stop overlapping the input channel and forming the output channel with the plate, and a stamp, characterized in that it additionally has an element for pushing the workpiece connected to a moving drive and installed with the possibility of entering the passage channel, additionally made in the crawler so that in the lowermost position of the crawler it is opposite the output channel, while the passage channel l is made conical in shape and closed stopper pressed into it.

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