RU2263076C1 - Device for degassing of hot water used in the systems of the water heating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: industrial and municipal systems of water heating; equipment of industrial and municipal water heating systems water purification from the gasses dissolved in it.

SUBSTANCE: the invention presents a device for the hot water degassing in the systems of water heating, that may be used in industrial and communal heating systems. The device for degassing of the hot water in a water heating system contains an accumulating container with the liquid level signaling tool and with a branch pipe for delivery of the degassed water to consumers, the branch pipes for feeding the water for degassing and for withdrawal of the air-steam mixture, a drain line in the accumulating container, the chiller of the air-steam mixture, the systems of degassing and suction of the air-steam mixture, the first and the second ejectors of the different productivity. At that each of them has its own press pump, The press pump of the first ejector of the greatest productivity is made regulated. The first and the second ejectors are capable to form the high-speed streams including the supersonic streams. The system of suction of the air-steam mixture is formed by the second ejector with the press pump and the chiller of the vented steam, which is made in the form of a heat exchanger preheating the water being added in the water heating system after its passing through the consumers for maintenance of the level of the water in the accumulating container controlled by the signaling device. The degassing system is formed by the first ejector, a branch pipe of water delivery for degassing from consumers to the first ejector, a branch pipe of withdrawal of the air-steam mixture connecting the zones of rarefaction of the first and the second ejectors, a sink main additionally equipped with a screen into the accumulating container of the degassed water from the first ejector. The branch pipe of water delivery for degassing is equipped with an adjustable press pump of the first ejector, which is installed for maintenance of a constant pressure drop on the first ejector. The branch pipe of feeding of the degassed water to consumers is additionally equipped with mounted in series follow-up arranged in succession by a pumping station with the controlled productivity directly depending on the level of liquid in the accumulating container, determined by the signaling system, and the hot-water heater. The chiller of the vented steam is additionally equipped with a drain branch pipe discharging the excesses of water accumulated in the chiller of the vent steam in the water added in a heating system. The technical result of the given invention is creation of the power saving, effectively operating device for degassing of the hot water in the heating system, increasing alkalinity of the water, destroying a biological component, economically consuming the heat accumulated by the chillers of the vent steam, equipped with the structural members for removal of the solid fractions formed in the process of heating the water.

EFFECT: the invention ensures creation of the power saving, effectively operating device for degassing of the hot water in the water heating system.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for purifying water from dissolved gases and can be used in industrial and municipal heating systems.

Known "Degasser of hot water with its nozzle supply" (patent RU No. 2196113, IPC C 02 F 1/20 // C 02 F 103: 02, publ. 10.01.2001), containing a cylindrical body with pipes for supplying water for degassing , the removal of the vapor-air mixture, the supply of degassed water to consumers, the exhaust system of the vapor-air mixture with a water-air ejector, the nozzle head unit and the water level regulator. Moreover, the control valve consists of a body made in the form of a cylindrical glass with perforation of the wall at its bottom and an annular groove on its inner surface, and a piston inserted in the glass with the possibility of its movement along the surface of the glass and made in the form of a cylindrical hollow shell with two cylindrical beads. One of the beads is made at the end of the shell, and the diameter of the other bead is equal to the diameter of the annular groove of the glass. The cavity of the cylindrical shell forms an inlet cavity of the valve, which is hydraulically connected through the perforation holes of the glass with the outlet cavity of the valve formed by a skirt mounted on the glass above the perforation zone, and the inlet cavity of the control valve also has hydraulic connection with one of the two cavities formed surface of a cylindrical hollow shell. An electro-hydraulic valve is built into this hydraulic connection, controlled by signals generated by the water level sensor in the degasser, and the other of these cavities has gas-dynamic communication with the environment through an opening made in the glass wall.

It is also known "Device for the degassing of hot water" (patent RU No. 2196738, IPC C 02 F 1/20 // C 02 F 103: 02, published on January 20, 2003) containing a vertical degassing column with a hot water supply pipe degassing, a branch pipe for discharging hot water to the consumer, a water level indicator, a nozzle for suctioning the steam-air mixture, a regulating valve for supplying water for degassing, a vapor cooler, a gas suction path, a fluid cooler, an electric pump, a tank for working fluid, while the gas suction path is made in the form of two parallel gas-hydraulic paths having a common source for the air-vapor mixture and a common drain for using the working fluid and condensed vapor, with a water-jet ejector integrated in each path with an order of magnitude different flow rate of the working fluid and a regulator installed in the path with the highest-flow water-jet ejector, moreover, a water-jet ejector with the lowest flow rate is located at a level above the water-jet ejector with the highest flow rate, while the electric drive of the discharge pump is made adjustable, the nozzle of the suction of the vapor-air mixture mounted float valve.

It is also known "Device for the degassing of hot water" (patent RU No. 2196737, IPC C 02 F 1/20 // C 02 F 103: 02, published on January 20, 2003), containing a degassing column with water supply pipes for degassing, vapor-air mixture removal, degassed water supply to consumers, column water level indicator, vapor cooler, steam-air mixture suction system, while the steam-air mixture suction system is made in the form of two parallel-mounted water-air ejectors with flow characteristics differing by an order of magnitude, while the outlet pipes the injected mixtures for each of the air-air ejectors have a common entrance, gas-dynamically connected to the branch pipe for removing the steam-air mixture from the degassing column, and the mixing chambers of the water-air ejectors are connected to the common drain line and each of the water-air ejectors has its own discharge pump, and the electric drive of the discharge pump is turned on and off. for a larger nozzle, it is controlled by the signals generated by the water level switch in the degassing column.

The disadvantages of all of the above devices are:

firstly, the low efficiency of the removal of the vapor-air mixture, since the pressure drop at the outlet does not exceed 0.5 atm;

secondly, there is no way to increase the pH (increase alkalinity) in the process of degassing;

thirdly, it is impossible to destroy the biological component of water in the process of degassing, which when deposited on heat transfer structures (for example, heat exchangers) creates a precipitate that worsens the heat transfer process four times more than inorganic precipitation of the same thickness (see page 19 last paragraph Pipelines and Ecology magazine No. 4, 2002, 32 pages);

fourthly, there is no possibility of removing solid fractions from the heating system;

fifthly, the vapor cooler uses heat energy uselessly;

sixthly, water is degassed before it is supplied to consumers, that is, in the area of the heating system with a maximum temperature (95 ° C), which is not effective when working with the heating system (see MP Vukalovich "Thermophysical properties of water and water vapor ", M.: Energy, 1966, 160 pp.).

All this together negatively affects the efficiency of the heating system, as well as the condition of steel and cast iron elements (see pages 19-21 of the journal "Pipelines and Ecology" No. 4, 2002, 32 pages) or requires additional material costs.

The technical task of this invention is the creation of an economical, efficient device for the degassing of hot water in a heating system that increases the alkalinity of the water, destroys the biological component, economically consuming the heat generated on the evaporator cooler, equipped with structural elements to remove solid fractions generated during the heating of water.

The technical problem is solved by a device for the degassing of hot water in the heating system, containing a storage tank with a liquid level indicator and a supply pipe for degassed water to consumers, water supply pipes for degassing and venting the air-vapor mixture, a drain line to the storage tank, a vapor cooler, degassing and exhaust air-vapor exhaust systems mixtures, the first and second ejectors of various capacities, each of which has its own discharge pump, and the discharge pump of the first ejector, the most Higher performance, adjustable.

What is new is that the first and second ejectors are capable of creating high-speed flows, including supersonic ones, while the vapor-air mixture suction system is formed by a second ejector with a discharge pump and a vapor cooler, which is made in the form of a heat exchanger that heats the water added to the heating system after passing through consumers to maintain the water level in the storage tank defined by the detector, while the degassing system is formed by the first ejector, a pipe for supplying water for degas supply from consumers to the first ejector, a branch pipe for discharging the vapor-air mixture connecting the rarefaction zones of the first and second ejectors, a drain line, additionally equipped with a filter, into the storage tank of degassed water from the first ejector, and the pipe for supplying water for degassing is equipped with an adjustable discharge pump of the first ejector, which installed to maintain a constant pressure drop across the first ejector, while the degassed water supply pipe to consumers is additionally equipped with consequently the pump station with a controllable capacity is directly dependent on the liquid level in the storage capacitance defined signaling and water heater, the refrigerant vapor is further equipped with a downcomer discharged excess water vapor accumulates in the cooler, the water added in the heating system.

The drawing shows a diagram of a device for the degassing of hot water in a heating system.

A device for degassing hot water in the heating system contains a storage tank 1 with a liquid level indicator 2 and a supply pipe for degassed water to consumers 3, pipes for supplying water for degassing 4 and venting the air-vapor mixture 5, a discharge line 6 to the storage tank 1, vapor cooler 7, systems degassing 8 and suction of the steam-air mixture 9, the first 10 and second 11 ejectors of different capacities, each of which has its own discharge pump 12 and 13, respectively, and the discharge pump 12 of the first ejector 10, n The greatest performance, made adjustable. The first 10 and second 11 ejectors are capable of creating high-speed flows, including supersonic ones, while the vapor-air mixture suction system 9 is formed by a second ejector 11 with a discharge pump 13 and a vapor cooler 7, which is made in the form of a heat exchanger that heats the water added to the heating system after passing through consumers to maintain the water level in the storage tank 1, determined by the indicator 2. The degassing system 8 is formed by the first ejector 10, the water supply pipe for degassing 4 from the consumer to the first ejector 10, a branch pipe for discharging the steam-air mixture 5 connecting the rarefaction zones of the first and second ejectors (not shown), a drain line 6, additionally equipped with a filter 14, into the storage tank 1 of degassed water from the first ejector 10. A branch pipe for supplying 4 water for degassing equipped with an adjustable discharge pump 12 of the first ejector 10, which is installed to maintain a constant pressure drop on the first ejector 10. The nozzle for supplying degassed water to consumers 3 is additionally equipped after finally, a pump station 15 with a controlled capacity that directly depends on the liquid level in the storage tank 1, determined by the indicator 2, and the water heater 16. The vapor cooler 7 is additionally equipped with a drain pipe 17, which discharges excess water accumulated in the vapor cooler to the water added to heating system. Heater 16 may be of any known design. The regulation of the feed added through the cooler vapor 7 is carried out by an adjustable valve 18, which opens when the liquid level in the storage tank 1, determined by the signaling device 2, decreases.

The device operates as follows.

When the heating system is filled with water, the pressure pumps 12 and 13 are started. As a result, water with a temperature of 5-20 ° C is supplied through the water supply pipe for degassing 4 to the degassing system 8, where a constant pressure of at least 5 atm is created at the inlet of the first ejector 10 using adjustable injection pump 12. In this case, the first ejector 10 creates a high-speed water flow with a rarefaction zone (not shown), to which a rarefaction zone (not shown) of the second ejector 11 of the suction system of the air-air mixture 9. Then the degassed water from the first ejector 10 through the drain line 6 through the filter 14, which catches substances not dissolved in the water, enters the storage tank 1, from which the water through the pumping station 15 enters the degassed water supply pipe 3 to consumers through a heater 16, where the water is heated to 95 ° C. Moreover, the storage tank 1 is made of such a volume to produce an uninterrupted supply of hot water to consumers, regardless of the amount of its consumption. As a result of consumption or loss of water by consumers, the level in the storage tank 1 decreases, which is determined by the signaling device 2, which sends signals to open the adjustable valve 18 for supplying added water to the heating system and to the pump station 15, adjusting its capacity depending on the consumption of hot water, which is determined by the dynamics of the water level in the storage tank 1. The added water passing through the vapor cooler 7 and receiving heated water through the drain pipe 17, which discharge The excess water condensed in the cooler of the vaporizer 7 is preheated. After consumers, water with a temperature of about 70 ° C is mixed with the added water, as a result, the water temperature drops to 55-60 ° C. After which the water is again through the water supply pipe for degassing 4 to the degassing system 8 and the degassing cycle is repeated. The circulation in the heating system is provided by the pump station 15.

The compound used in the present invention, the first 10 and second 11 ejectors, creating high-speed flows (including supersonic) with a temperature of not higher than 65 ° C (since the graph of the line for saturation of water with gas is not straightforward, see M.P. Vukalovich "Thermophysical properties of water and water vapor", Moscow: Energia, 1966, 160 pages), provides the optimal and most economical process of boiling water in the rarefaction zone of the first 10 ejectors, for example, to reduce pressure twice (obtaining a critical drop):

for a temperature of 60 ° C (0.19918 / 0.10085 = 1.97, where 0.19918 and 0.09581 pressures [kg / cm ³ ], corresponding to 60 ° C and 46 ° C), it is necessary to expend energy equal to heating water at 14 ° C (60 ° C minus 46 ° C);

for a temperature of 30 ° C - the average temperature of the added water after passing through the cooler vapor 7 during filling (0.04242 / 0.02195 = 1.93, where 0.04242 corresponds to 30 ° C, and 0.02195 -19 ° C), that is, the difference is 11 ° C;

for a temperature of 90 ° C - the average temperature of the water after passing the heater cooler 16 (0.8619 / 0.4451 = 1.94, where 0.8619 corresponds to 95 ° C, and 0.4451 -78 ° C), that is, the difference is 17 ° C.

When the ejectors 10 and 11 are operating in the supersonic water flow mode, additional heat energy is generated (539 kcal per kilogram of water, that is, when the power of the injection pump 13 of the second ejector 11 is 1.5 kW, the every second supply of steam with heat to the steam-air mixture 9 suction system is 360 feces per second - obtained experimentally), which also goes for the preheating of added water. As a result, heating the added water requires less energy for heating, which saves energy and material resources. After passing through the proposed degassing system 8, salts dissolved in water change their structure and become insoluble (especially calcium carbonate salts) and insoluble salts are removed by filter 14, which significantly reduces the likelihood of clogging by solid fractions of the heating system.

As a result of using the proposed device for degassing hot water, the following comparative results were obtained: initial - taken from the water supply pipe for degassing 4 and received - taken from the drain line 6 during the first degassing cycle:

a) the residual content of dissolved oxygen does not exceed 20 μg / l with an initial content of 9 mg / l;

b) free carbon dioxide is absent at the initial content of 10 mg / l;

c) the acidity was pH 8.5 at an initial pH of 7, i.e., the alkalinity of the water increased;

d) the biological component formed by the presence in water of a suspension of organic origin decreased by three or more times depending on the components (for example, 607 cfu / ml were obtained at the initial 1840 cfu / ml, and the Coley index was 28 at the initial 210);

e) the content of carbonate salts decreased by 15%.

With constant cyclic degassing of hot water, the results were as follows:

a) there is no dissolved oxygen;

b) there is no free carbon dioxide;

c) the acidity was pH 8.5;

d) there is no biological component;

e) the measurement of carbonate salts was not carried out.

As a result, after a month of operation of the heating system, corrosion traces - inorganic and organic deposits on the walls - are completely absent, based on this it can be seen that maintenance costs will be significantly reduced.

The use of the proposed device for the degassing of hot water is economical when used and maintained in the heating system due to the careful use of thermal energy and the optimal degassing mode while reducing harmful effects on the pipes (increase in alkalinity, decrease in the biological component, removal of solid fractions).

Claims (1)

A device for degassing hot water in a heating system contains a storage tank with a liquid level indicator and a supply pipe for degassed water to consumers, water supply pipes for degassing and venting the air-vapor mixture, a drain line to the storage tank, a vapor cooler, a degassing and suction system for the air-vapor mixture, the first and the second ejector of various capacities, each of which has its own discharge pump, and the discharge pump of the first ejector, of the highest capacity, performed n adjustable, characterized in that the first and second ejectors are capable of creating high-speed flows, including supersonic ones, while the vapor-air mixture suction system is formed by a second ejector with a discharge pump and a vapor cooler, which is made in the form of a heat exchanger that heats the water added to the system heating after passing through consumers to maintain the water level in the storage tank, determined by the detector, while the degassing system is formed by the first ejector, a pipe under water for degassing from consumers to the first ejector, a pipe for discharging the vapor-air mixture connecting the rarefaction zones of the first and second ejectors, a drain line, additionally equipped with a filter, into the storage tank of degassed water from the first ejector, and the pipe for supplying water for degassing is equipped with an adjustable discharge pump of the first an ejector, which is installed to maintain a constant pressure drop on the first ejector, while the nozzle supply degassed water to consumers It is sequentially equipped with a pumping station with a controlled capacity that directly depends on the liquid level in the storage tank, determined by the alarm, and a water heater, and the vapor cooler is additionally equipped with a drain pipe that discharges the excess water accumulated in the vapor cooler into the water added to the heating system.