RU226187U1 - Cable composite manhole element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction of underground engineering structures, namely to the elements of a sealed composite cable well, and can be used in the construction of underground engineering networks designed to accommodate cable networks for various purposes (electrical networks, low-current networks, communication networks, fiber-optic networks ). The cable well is intended for the construction of utility networks for cable networks up to 500 kW. An element of a composite cable well, including a monolithic wall part, the inner surface of which is lined with a polymer anchor sheet, with places for the passage of cable channels. On the inside of the element, the places where the cable channels pass are sealed using extrusion welding, and on the outside they are sealed with a waterproof lock at the junction of the cable channel and the concrete outer layer of the wall part. The technical result consists in increasing the tightness of the connection between the cable channel and the wall part, as well as increasing the durability of the product.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction of underground engineering structures, namely to the elements of a sealed composite cable well, and can be used in the construction of underground engineering networks designed to accommodate cable networks for various purposes (electrical networks, low-current networks, communication networks, fiber-optic networks ). The cable well is intended for the construction of utility networks for cable networks up to 500 kW.

In today's world, where digitalization plays an increasingly important role, infrastructure systems are becoming a key element in ensuring reliable communications and power supplies. One of the important components of such systems are sealed cable manholes, which provide protection and convenient access to cable lines and equipment. However, traditional concrete and plastic wells have their disadvantages, such as lack of tightness, susceptibility to corrosion, low strength, and lack of protection of cables and equipment from external factors. In this regard, a composite cable well made of concrete with a polymer lining is proposed, which has a number of advantages over traditional concrete and plastic structures.

A polymer well is known from the prior art, described in patent RU 173402, publ. 08/25/2017, intended for building a cable network. The well body is made with an inner cylindrical surface and an outer surface having protrusions that form vertical stiffeners with a developed surface, i.e. with a wide flat surface. In this case, the shape of the body is such that the projection of the outer surface onto the horizontal plane forms a polygon.

When operating a well in difficult geological conditions (for example, in dispersed coarse and heavy soils), large solid layers of soil exert pressure on the plane of the ribs in one horizontal plane, often even pointwise, which leads to deformation of the ribs. Such a deformed rib can no longer fully withstand the impact of the soil, as a result of which its deformation increases, leading to cracking of the walls of the well, loss of tightness and the inability to fulfill its functional purpose.

A well-known lined sewer well is described in patent RU 211259, publ. 05/27/2022. The well is made of reinforced concrete rings with protective lining of the internal surfaces with a liner made of low-pressure polyethylene sheets, which are installed during the molding of the reinforced concrete structure of the well during its manufacture and are connected to each other by butt welding using a manual extruder, the front surface of the sheets is smooth, anchor elements are made on the back surface of the sheets in the form of V, the welding additive is made of low-density polyethylene. In a lined sewer well, running brackets in polymer cases can be installed, the ends of which are connected by butt welding with a manual extruder to the liner, and pipes, the passage units of which are connected by butt welding with a manual extruder to the liner.

However, the analogue device cannot withstand the loads that arise during operation. During long-term operation, as well as in the case of operation in aggressive conditions (plastic soils, significant temperature changes), the butt joint of the rings is destroyed, the rings are displaced relative to each other and, accordingly, the seal is broken with a complete loss of functionality of the well as a whole. A weakened reinforced concrete ring cannot withstand horizontal loads from the ground, cracks and the well ceases to fulfill its functional purpose. In addition, a concrete well has a significant mass, which requires additional costs for its installation (use of special equipment) and increases the cost of the well.

The closest in technical essence is the cable well for power lines, described in patent CN 210946894 U, publ. 07.07.2020. The well includes a wall portion, a shock-absorbing layer, internal partitions, a plate located at the bottom of the side wall and on the shock-absorbing layer, and a cover located at the top of the side wall. The wall part of the well has a circular cross-section and is made with many holes for through passage of cable channels. Internal partitions are installed in accordance with the complete blocking of the entrance of the cable channels into the well cavity and are formed after inserting the cable channels.

The disadvantage of the well-known well, chosen as a prototype, is its fragility and low sealing. This is due to the fact that during the operation of the well, the cement mortar in the passage nodes of the cable entries crumbles, due to seasonal heaving of the soil and dynamic loads, the connection of the cable channel with the wall part is destroyed and, consequently, the tightness of the well element is broken, which leads to the inability of the well to perform its functional function. appointment.

Thus, the technical problem is to create a cable well element characterized by the reliability and durability of the product while maintaining the waterproofing properties of the cable well structure.

The technical result consists in increasing the tightness of the connection between the cable channel and the wall part, as well as increasing the durability of the product.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an element of a composite cable well, including a monolithic wall part, the inner surface of which is lined with a polymer anchor sheet, with places for passage of cable channels, according to the utility model, on the inside of the element, places for passage of cable channels are sealed using extrusion welding , and on the outside they are sealed with a waterproof lock at the junction of the cable channel and the concrete outer layer of the wall part.

An element of a cable composite well is a reinforced concrete product with a lining for placement on linear cable networks for laying, pulling, servicing, disconnecting cables and is used for placing low-voltage equipment, cables, and optical fiber. The composite cable manhole element is designed to be assembled at the factory using assembly operations and to be delivered to the site in finished form.

Possible options for the development of the main technical solution are as follows:

- the monolithic wall part is made of concrete of class no less than B25;

- the polymer anchor sheet has a thickness of at least 4 mm;

- the polymer anchor sheet has anchor elements with a length of at least 14 mm;

- the end seam surface is made in the form of a tongue-and-groove.

Sealing of the connection is ensured by welding the cable channel and the internal anchor sheet using extrusion welding and an additionally installed waterproof lock in the outer part of the junction of the cable channel and the concrete outer layer.

A waterproof lock is a special solution made on the basis of a cement-sand mixture with the addition of a universal protective impregnating agent for concrete “liquid glass” based on sodium or potassium compounds. Waterproof is highly resistant to moisture and water. The cement-sand mixture provides strength and resistance to mechanical stress, and liquid glass improves water-repellent properties, making the surface more airtight and preventing water penetration. The waterproof lock is applied at the factory to the external joint of the cable channel and the concrete body of the product and protects the product from water penetration through the hole into the internal area of the product between the polymer sheet and the concrete body, thereby further improving the waterproofing of the entire product, and also increasing the service life of the concrete, from which the product body is made.

Welding the cable channel and the internal anchor sheet using extrusion welding ensures complete sealing of the component parts among themselves and sealing between the cable channel and the element of the cable composite well.

Thus, thanks to the combination of essential features of the utility model, improved performance and service life of concrete cable wells are achieved while increasing waterproofing properties by preventing the penetration of moisture into the well at the junction of the cable channel with the wall part, which can cause corrosion of the reinforcement and destruction of concrete, and also reduces the likelihood of cracks and other defects in concrete due to exposure to moisture and chemicals.

Examples of a specific implementation of the proposed utility model and its practical applicability are explained by the following description and drawings:

fig. 1 - general appearance of a cable well element with installed cable channels;

fig. 2 - general internal view of a cable well element with installed cable channels;

fig. 3 - lining of the concrete element of the cable well;

fig. 4 - general view of the cable well element (axonometry);

fig. 5 - place of passage of the cable channel.

The claimed utility model is a reinforced concrete engineering structure with lining for placement on linear cable networks for laying, pulling, servicing, disconnecting cables for placing high-voltage equipment and cables intended for use at rated voltages from 1 to 500 kV (inclusive) alternating current and from 1 .5 to 500 kV (inclusive) DC. Lining - covering the surface with flexible polymer materials to improve the properties of tightness, chemical resistance, mechanical and abrasive resistance, as well as increase the durability of concrete products.

The proposed element of the cable composite well consists of a monolithic wall part 1 of cylindrical shape with a height of 290 to 890 mm made of reinforced concrete of class B25 or higher. The end surface of the wall part 1 can be made in the form of a tongue-and-groove or flat. The inner surface of the wall part 1 is lined with a polymer sheet 2 with a thickness of at least 4 mm with anchor fastening elements 3 made of polyethylene, polypropylene, unplasticized polyvinyl chloride for waterproofing and anti-corrosion protection of reinforced concrete. The wall part 1 contains from 1 to 16 passage places 4 for cable channels 5 made of a special polymer composition of increased heat resistance with a diameter of 50 to 630 mm for cable entries. The passage point 4 is a cable channel 5, welded using extrusion welding to the internal polymer sheet 2, a waterproof lock 6 and an extrusion seam 7.

The main distinctive features of the utility model are: the use of extrusion welding to seal the passages of 4 cable channels 5, as well as the presence of a waterproof lock 6.

The passage point 4 is a cable channel factory-welded to the internal anchor polymer sheet 2. On one element there can be located from 1 to 16 passage points for 4 cable channels 5. The cable channels 5 are made in the center of the product at a distance of at least 80 mm from each other, the presence of factory-welded cable channels 5 ensures faster installation of cable well elements on site and more reliable sealing of the network. The waterproof lock 6c is located on the outside of the element, provides additional sealing of the cable channel 5 and increases the service life of the concrete. Waterproof lock 6 is a special solution prepared on the basis of a cement-sand mixture with the addition of a universal protective impregnating agent for concrete, “liquid glass” based on sodium or potassium compounds, which is applied at the junction of the cable channel and concrete. Waterproof lock 6 based on a cement-sand mixture and liquid glass is highly resistant to moisture and water. The cement-sand mixture provides strength and resistance to mechanical stress, and liquid glass improves water-repellent properties, making the surface more airtight and preventing water penetration. This design of the device makes it possible to achieve high strength of the product, which significantly increases resistance to deforming loads (horizontal loads from soil and groundwater). At the same time, lining with a polymer sheet 2, sealing the cable channels 5 using extrusion welding, as well as the presence of a waterproof lock 6 can improve the sealing properties, increasing the service life of the product and equipment located inside the well.

Installation of a well using the claimed element of a cable composite well is carried out as follows. Depending on the design solution, the PN element (bottom plate) is installed into the pre-prepared pit, using special lifting equipment using sling loops or using self-clamping three-leg grips. The outer surface of the product must be pre-waterproofed over the entire area. Next, a wall part 1 with a polymer lining 2 is installed. To seal the structure, an filler material is used, made from a composition strictly similar to polymer panels, which is applied at the joints of structural elements from the inside, as well as in places where pipes 4 pass, by extrusion welding with a manual extruder.

Installation of cable channels 5 occurs at the factory in the following sequence. The location of cable channels is marked in accordance with the element model (number and location of cable channels). Next, on the polymer lining 2, using a construction marker or any other marking device, the contour of the cable channels is marked. The next step is to drill holes in the center using a hammer drill. Using a gas cutter/diamond drilling unit, cut a hole along the diameter of the cable channel from the outside. Next, the cable channel 5 is installed in the hole and welded with the anchor sheet in a circle on the inside of the well element using extrusion welding, and on the outside the cable channel is additionally protected with a waterproof lock 6. If the diameter of the hole exceeds the diameter of the cable channel 5, the formwork is constructed, a concrete solution (concrete with a strength class of at least B20) is supplied into the formwork to fill the internal space between the cable channel and the wall.

The next step is welding the joints of the structural elements. The viscous filler material is extruded from the welding extruder and fed into the welding zone through the welding shoe. The pressure required for extrusion welding is applied through the filler material by the welding shoe, providing a seal between the elements and a seal between the cable duct and the composite cable manhole element.

After completion of the work, the pit is backfilled.

Thus, the claimed utility model increases the service life of the well by increasing the tightness of the connection between the cable channel and the wall part.

Claims (5)

1. An element of a cable composite well, including a monolithic wall part, the inner surface of which is lined with a polymer anchor sheet, with places for passage of cable channels, characterized in that on the inside of the element the places of passage of cable channels are sealed using extrusion welding, and on the outside sealed with a waterproof lock at the junction of the cable channel and the concrete outer layer of the wall part. 2. An element of a cable composite well according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic wall part is made of concrete of class not less than B25. 3. An element of a cable composite manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer anchor sheet has a thickness of at least 4 mm. 4. An element of a cable composite well according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer anchor sheet has anchor elements with a length of at least 14 mm. 5. An element of a cable composite well according to claim 1, characterized in that the end seam surface is made in the form of a tongue-and-groove.