RU2261574C1 - Method for presowing treatment of farm crop seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, presowing treatment of seeds by means of magnetic field.

SUBSTANCE: method involves exposing seeds to magnetic field having gradient of 2·10^-1 - 5·10⁺¹ Tesla/m.

EFFECT: increased seed growing capacity, improved germination capacity and yield of farm crops.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for presowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops.

The known method / 1 / pre-sowing seed treatment, acting on them with a constant magnetic field with linearly increasing induction from 0.01 to 0.1 T with a single passage of the active working zone (N → S) (North-South).

The disadvantage of this method is the low germination and germination energy.

Closest to the proposed method is a method of pre-sowing seed treatment in a gradient magnetic field by six times the passage of seeds through alternating (N → S) active working zones of permanent magnets / 2 /.

However, this method of pre-sowing treatment also has a low increase in germination, germination energy and yield, moreover, it complicates and increases the cost of a magnetic system consisting of six (N → S) active zones.

The proposed method solves the problem of increasing the energy of germination, germination and overall productivity.

The problem is solved in that the seeds of crops before sowing are exposed to a magnetic field, making them twice through the active working area (N-> S) of magnets with a magnetic field gradient -

The method is as follows: a magnetic system with a double active working zone (N → S) is installed at the output of standard loading and unloading conveyors. In this case, the alternating polarity N → S, N → S is observed, the gradient of the magnetic induction of the field varies from 2 · 10 ^-1 to 5 · 10 ⁺¹ T / m.

Example 1

магнитного поля. Результаты представлены в таблице 1.Pre-sowing treatment in a magnetic field was subjected to the seeds of sunflower varieties "Cossack" with one, two, three and four times through the active (N → S) zone with a gradient

magnetic field. The results are presented in table 1.

Table 1
The results of laboratory tests during pre-sowing treatment of seeds of the variety "Cossack" The multiplicity of the passage of the active working zone of the magnet (N → S) Germination,% Germination energy,% Strength,% The increase in yield, t / ha 1 86.2 83,2 81.6 3.2 2 92.0 91.0 89.1 4,5 3 85.1 82.0 81.4 3.0 4 84.5 81.8 79.1 2,5 The control 80.1 76.1 73.1 -

Table 1 presents the results of studies of germination, germination energy, growth force and yield increase after pre-sowing treatment in a magnetic field with one, two, three and four times the pass of the active working zone (N → S) in the zoned North Caucasian variety of sunflower "Cossack" , which show that magnetic treatment leads to an increase in laboratory germination by 4.5-12%, germination energy by 5.7-15%, growth forces by 6.1-16.14% and productivity by 2.5-4, 5 c / ha. Moreover, the optimal effect is achieved with a double pass.

Example 2

магнитного поля. Результаты представлены в таблице 2.The seeds of winter barley “Bastion” were subjected to pre-sowing treatment in a magnetic field during one-, two-, three-, four- and five-fold passage through the active (N → S) zone with a gradient

magnetic field. The results are presented in table 2.

table 2
The results of field tests of presowing treatment of seeds of winter barley "Bastion" Multiplicity of passage of the active working zone of the magnet (N → S) Germination,% The intensity of spring growth, score Productivity, t / ha 1 82.5 6 33.3 2 86.9 7 36.1 3 81.9 6 32,0 4 81.1 5 30,4 5 80.1 5 30.1 The control 78,2 5 29.7

. Из результатов испытаний следует, что предпосевная обработка семян в магнитном поле увеличивает посевную всхожесть на 1-5,8%, интенсивность весеннего роста на 1-14%, а урожайность на 0,7-6,4 ц/га. Как и при лабораторных испытаниях (таблица 1) оптимальный эффект достигается при двухкратном проходе через активную рабочую (N→S) зону.Table 2 presents the results of field studies of seeds of winter barley "Bastion", which has undergone pre-sowing treatment in a magnetic field with one, two, three, four and five times passing through the active zone (N → S) with a magnetic field gradient

. From the test results it follows that pre-sowing seed treatment in a magnetic field increases the seed germination by 1-5.8%, the intensity of spring growth by 1-14%, and the yield by 0.7-6.4 c / ha. As in laboratory tests (table 1), the optimal effect is achieved with a double passage through the active working (N → S) zone.

Example 3

Результаты представлены в таблице 3.The seeds of winter barley “Bastion” were subjected to pre-sowing treatment in a magnetic field with a double passage through the active working zone at various values of the magnetic field induction gradient

The results are presented in table 3.

Table 3
The results of field tests of presowing treatment of seeds of winter barley "Bastion"

Magnetic field induction gradient,

Germination,% The intensity of spring growth, score Productivity, t / ha 1.5 · 10 ^-1 78.9 5 28.9 2 · 10 ^-1 83.5 6 31.8 1.2 · 10 ^-1 89.1 7 37.1 5 · 10 ⁺¹ 86.9 7 36.1 8 · 10 ⁺¹ 80.1 5 29.7 The control 79.1 5 29.8

The use of the proposed method, as laboratory and field tests show, indicate that the optimal effect of pre-sowing treatment is detected when the seeds twice travel through the active zone with a magnetic field gradient from 2 · 10 ^-1 to 5 · 10 ^{+ 1} T / m.

эффект воздействия магнитного поля сопоставим с воздействием магнитного поля Земли и приближается к значениям, характерным для контрольных семян (таблица 3). При градиенте магнитного поля

эффект магнитного воздействия на семена приводит к снижению всхожести и урожайности.Experimental studies have shown that with a magnetic field gradient

the effect of the magnetic field is comparable to the effect of the Earth's magnetic field and approaches the values characteristic of control seeds (table 3). With a magnetic field gradient

the effect of magnetic effects on seeds reduces germination and yield.

Sources of information

1. USSR Copyright Certificate, No. 1802976, A 01 C 11/00. The method of pre-sowing seed treatment and device for its implementation // Davydbiev Kh.K., Dyachkov VV, Bahramov KB, Daminov GD No. 4808250/15. Claim 02/08/90. Publ. 03/23/93. Bull. No. 11.

2. "Pre-sowing treatment of seeds of grain crops with a gradient magnetic field" UDC 631.349: 633.1. Information leaflet No. 527-88, 1988 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops, including exposure to seeds of a magnetic field, characterized in that they double-pass the seeds through the active working zone (N → S) of the magnetic field, the gradient of which is 2 · 10 ^-1 -5 · 10 ⁺¹ T / m in the impact zone.