RU2258785C1 - Firm ground loosening device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly for layer-by-layer loosening firm grounds and for removing ice and snow from motor roads and pavements.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises frame and shaft secured in rotary supports and installed on the frame. Device has shaft rotation drive, drum with teeth rotary installed on the shaft. Drum hub carries toothed wheels with unbalancing means engaging toothed wheel installed on shaft in rotary supports. Toothed wheels are connected to the drum by rotary supports. Device has toothed wheel drive and resilient members made as flat spring. One spring end is connected to the shaft, another one is secured to drum sidewall.

EFFECT: increased reliability.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and may find application for layer-by-layer cultivation of strong soils, as well as removing ice and snow on roads and sidewalks.

A device is known for milling strong soils, including a frame on which a shaft with teeth fixed to it and a shaft drive [1] are mounted in rotation bearings.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a device for loosening strong soils, containing a frame on which a shaft with teeth fixed to it and a shaft rotation drive is mounted in the rotation bearings, and a bracket is mounted on the shaft, on which the rotation bearings are mounted gears with unbalances that mesh with a gear mounted on the shaft on rotation bearings, and a gear drive [2].

A disadvantage of the known device is the large dynamic load on the drive, which reduces the effectiveness of the dynamic effects on the ground.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reduce the energy intensity of the device.

This is achieved by the fact that the teeth and the bracket are mounted on the drum, which is mounted on the shaft with the possibility of rotation and connected to the shaft through elastic elements, while the elastic elements can be made in the form of a flat spring, one end of which is fixed to the shaft, and the second to the side of the drum.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device; figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1; figure 3 - section BB figure 1

A device for loosening strong soils (Fig. 1) contains: a frame 1, on which a shaft 2 is mounted in the rotation bearings through a sleeve 3 connected to the drive 4, a drum 5 with teeth 6 mounted on the shaft 2 with the possibility of rotation of the axles 7, rigidly fixed on the hub-bracket 8, on which the gears are mounted in the rotation bearings, unbalances 9, which engage with the gear wheel 10 (Fig. 2) mounted on the drive shaft 2 in the rotation bearings, the gear wheel drive 11, the casing 12, the hub 13 rigidly mounted on the shaft 2, and elastic springs 14, one horse which is installed in the slots of the drum mantle 5 and the second - the hub 13 (Figure 3)

The device is hung on the base machine, which provides the necessary contact with the developed soil.

The device operates as follows: the drive 4 is turned on, which rotates the drive shaft 2 through the coupling 3, and with it the hub 13, rigidly fixed to the shaft, which through the elastic springs 14 engages the drum 5 with the teeth 6 in joint rotation, which, acting on soil, deform (bend) the springs 14 in the opposite direction of rotation, accumulating potential energy from the shaft drive.

Simultaneously with the drum drive include an unbalance drive 11, which through the gear wheel 10 drives the unbalance 9, creating a disturbing force. (Figure 2):

P _c = m · e · ω _d ² ,

where m is the mass of rotating unbalances;

e - eccentricity;

ω _d - the angular velocity of rotation of the unbalance.

Under the influence of this disturbing force, a dynamic moment arises, changing according to a harmonic law. The maximum value of the dynamic moment created by unbalances:

where D ₀ is the diameter of the alignment of the axes of the unbalance.

When the dynamic moment created by the unbalances 9 is directed opposite to the rotation of the drum 5, it further increases the deformation of the springs 14, charging them with additional potential energy from the dynamic moment. When the unbalances are rotated 180 °, the dynamic moment will be directed in the direction of rotation of the drum, which reduces the load on the springs, as a result of which the potential energy accumulated by the springs from the static and dynamic moment from the previous phase is used to increase the dynamic effect of the teeth 6 on the ground.

The greatest effect on the ground will be when the frequency of rotation of the unbalances ω _d is equal to the natural frequency of torsional vibrations ω _{from the} drum with teeth, i.e. when ω _d = ω _s resonance occurs. As a result, ceteris paribus, the amplitude of tooth vibrations increases, and consequently, the dynamic effect of their impact on the soil. With a resonant mode of operation of the cutter, energy costs per unit volume of destructible soil are significantly reduced. The transmission of torque from the shaft to the shell of the drum with teeth through elastic springs reduces the dynamic effect on the drive elements, which increases the reliability and durability of the device.

The use of the device will not only increase the efficiency of its work, but also reduce energy costs for soil development, increase the reliability and durability of the drive elements of the device.

Sources of information

1. Borodachev I.V. Handbook of the designer of road cars. - M.: Mechanical Engineering 1965. - 725 p.

2. Application No. 20011118342/03 (019343), 06/20/2003.

Claims (2)

1. A device for loosening strong soils, comprising a frame on which a shaft, teeth, a shaft drive and an arm are mounted on rotation bearings, on which gear wheels with unbalances are mounted in the rotation bearings, engaged with a gear mounted on the shaft in the rotation bearings and a gear drive, characterized in that the teeth and the bracket are mounted on the drum, which is mounted on the shaft with the possibility of rotation and connected to the shaft through elastic elements. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic elements are made in the form of a flat spring, one end of which is fixed to the shaft, and the second to the shell of the drum.

Images