RU2258717C1 - Method of preparing plasticized polymer materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: polymer materials.

SUBSTANCE: in polymer compositions, novel types of plasticizers comprising two ester groups in common with one secondary phosphonate group are used. Invention can be utilized in production of various polymer materials and coatings.

EFFECT: improved burning capacity (by several units) while basic complex of physico-mechanical, technological, and performance characteristics is preserved.

1 tbl, 6 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemical technology, in particular to methods for producing plasticized polymeric materials by introducing plasticizers into their volume, and can be used in the production of various polymeric materials and coatings.

It is known that organic compounds of various classes can be used as plasticizers for polymers [R.S.Barstein and others. Plasticizers for polymers. M., Chemistry, 1982, p.5].

The effect of plasticization of polymers by different plasticizers is not the same and depends on their chemical nature and structure. Therefore, polymers containing the same mass amounts of different plasticizers differ in a complex of physicomechanical, technological, and operational properties [RS Barshstein et al. Plasticizers for polymers. M., Chemistry, 1982, p.173].

The most effective from the point of view of achieving the optimum of all properties in a polymeric material is the use of a class of diester plasticizers (compounds with two ester groups in a molecule), which is reflected in the volume of their industrial production and use [Chemical Encyclopedia, Bol. Ros.Ents., M ., t. 3, 1992, p. 562-3; Encyclopedia of Polymers. Owls Ents., M., vol. 2, 1977, S. 620-6].

Taking into account the fact that phthalic acid esters should be considered the most significant in terms of efficiency and scale of use, the phthalic acid esters can be considered as the prototype. The closest method to the proposed invention is the method of producing plasticized polymeric materials [K.S. Minsker et al. polyvinyl chloride. - M., Chemistry, 1972, S. 384-5].

However, the use of diester plasticizers has a significant negative effect on the flammability of plasticized polymers, since when they come in contact with a flame, they are released from the polymer and then ignited.

Therefore, in all cases when the requirements for increased fire safety are also imposed on polymeric materials that use diester plasticizers, they have to additionally use various slow-burning and fire-resistant plasticizers and additives [R.S. Barshtein et al., Plasticizers for polymers. M., Chemistry, 1982, p.186], which, as a rule, inevitably leads to a deterioration in the basic physical, mechanical, technological and operational properties in the finished material (with all the ensuing consequences).

The aim of the present invention is to maintain the level of the main complex of physico-mechanical, technological and operational properties of polymeric materials using traditional diester plasticizers, and at the same time improve their fire retardant properties.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the polymer compositions as the plasticizer use new types of plasticizers in the same mass quantities containing in addition to two ester groups in their composition one full (secondary) phosphate group of the following composition:

;where R ₁ is a substituted alkyl 1,4-diic acid

;

substituted alkyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid

R ₂ is alkyl (C _n H _{2n + 1} -; n = 2-12)

R ₃ is methyl (CH ₃ -); phenyl (C ₆ H ₅ -)

The features of the present invention are illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1 (prototype)

The polymer composition is prepared by mixing at room temperature the following components, parts by weight:

Polyvinyl chloride 100 (PVC S-70) Diester plasticizer fifty (dioctyl phthalate, DOP) Stabilizers: - epoxidized 3 soybean oil - stearate sa 1

Obtaining samples of the films is carried out on rollers at a temperature of 150 ° C for 5 minutes

Example 2

Differs from example 1 in that dibutyl ether of dimethoxyphosphorylbutane-1,4-diic acid is used as a plasticizer:

Example 3

It differs from example 2 in that the dibutoxyphosphorylbutane-1,4-diic acid bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester is used as a plasticizer:

Example 4

It differs from example 3 in that the dibutyl ether of bis (2-ethylhexyloxy) phosphorylbutane-1,4-diic acid is used as a plasticizer:

Example 5

It differs from example 4 in that bis (phenoxy) phosphorylbutane-1,4-diic acid dilaurin ester is used as a plasticizer:

Example 6

It differs from example 5 in that 1-dibutoxyphosphoryl-1,2-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) cyclohexane is used as a plasticizer:

The determination of the level of basic physical, mechanical, technological and operational properties of polymer compositions was carried out on film samples with a thickness of 0.5 ± 0.05 mm according to the following indicators:

- tensile strength, ksg / cm ² (according to GOST 11262-80)

- elongation,% (according to GOST 11262-80)

- flammability by the oxygen index method,% (according to GOST 12.1.044-89).

- fragility temperature, ° С (according to GOST 5960-72)

- melt flow index, g / for 10 min (according to GOST 11645-65)

The test results of the film samples are given in TABLE.

As follows from the TABLE, the application of the proposed method allows, along with preserving the complex of basic physical, mechanical, technological and operational properties of the material, to significantly improve its fireproof properties (increase by several units of the oxygen index value).

TABLE
physical, mechanical, technological and operational properties of samples No. Tensile Strength (kgf / cm ² ) Relative specificity (%) The fragility temperature (° C) Sorrow honor in CI (%) Melt Flow Index (180 ° C, 10 kg, g / 10 min) 1 (prototype) 185 290 -40 24.3 10.6 2 247 330 -47 30.1 16.1 3 216 308 -fifty 27,2 17.3 4 219 301 -45 29.3 14.8 5 237 295 -40 26.7 11,4 6 228 290 -42 28.1 18.3

Claims (1)

The method of producing polymer materials using compounds containing two ester groups as plasticizers, characterized in that compounds containing in addition to two ester groups one full (secondary) phosphate group of the following composition are used as a plasticizer:

where R ₁ represents

,

R ₂ represents alkyl With _n H _{2n + 1} where n = 2-12, R ₃ represents

.