RU2254794C1 - Method for manufacture of main inner sole for shoes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: light industry, in particular, manufacture of shoe lower part.

SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing semi-finished product including organic component such as filaments of plant origin (flax, sedge); forming inner sole web with the use of binder, such as polyolefin (polypropylene, polyethylene) filaments; grinding filaments to 10-15 mm long parts and providing mechanical mixing of plant filaments with binder filaments at content of the latter of 30-40% in mixture; molding from resulting homogeneous bulk mass semi-finished product of predetermined hardness, density and thickness, with content of bulk mass in toe part making 1,200-1,800 g/m² and in heel part 2,400-3,600 g/m²; compacting fibrous mass in heel part by reducing volume of fibrous mass in comparison with initial volume obtained upon charging of mold; providing hot pressing at temperature of 180±5°C and duration time of 6±1 min; finally rendering to inner sole predetermined spatial configuration complying with that of trace of shoe by known method.

EFFECT: increased efficiency by providing adjustable optimal density and hardness factors in toe and heel parts, uniform thickness, improved hygienic properties such as increased hygroscopicity and reduced wettability.

5 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to light industry and can be used in the manufacture of parts of the bottom of the shoe - the main insole with adjustable indicators of optimal density and stiffness in the toe and heel-gel areas with the same thickness of the insole, which has high hygienic properties, such as increased hygroscopicity, reduced wetting.

There is a method of producing material for an insert and set-in insole with high hygienic properties: increased sorption capacity with respect to water vapor (hygroscopicity and moisture recovery), high mushroom resistance and wet strength at low pilling of the material surface, as well as its abrasion resistance at a sufficient level indicators of deformation and strength properties. A method of producing material for insoles in shoes according to the invention involves the formation of a fibrous canvas mechanically from linen fibers or a mixture of them with synthetic fibers with a content of not more than 30% in the canvas, followed by needle piercing of the canvas at a needle piercing density of 100-250 cm ^-2 and its depth 3 -5 mm and duplication of canvas fibers by needle piercing with a second layer of cloth or non-woven thermally bonded material with needle piercing density of 50-150 cm ^-2 and its depth of 4-7 mm. The method according to the invention also includes subsequent processing of the material for shoe insoles after duplication of the canvas by impregnating it with an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer binder containing 20-60 parts by weight of butadiene, 80-50 parts by weight of styrene, 1-3 parts by weight of methacrylic acid. , followed by extraction of the obtained material and drying at 110-120 ° C until the content of the copolymer binder in the finished material is 10-30%. The material for shoe insoles is made of two layers, one of which is a fibrous canvas of linen fibers or a mixture of them with synthetic fibers with a content of not more than 30% in the canvas, while the fibrous canvas is formed with subsequent needle-piercing at a needle-piercing density of 100-250 cm ^-2 its depth is 3-5 mm, and the second layer consists of fabric or non-woven thermally bonded fabric and is connected to the first layer by needle piercing at a density of 50-150 cm ^-2 and its depth 4-7 mm. The material may also have an additional copolymer binder containing butadiene 20-50 parts by weight, styrene 80-50 parts by weight, methacrylic acid 1-3 parts by weight, with the content of the copolymer binder after drying 10-30% (RF patent , No. 2166270, IPC, A 43 B 13/38, publ. 2001. 05.10).

The specified method involves obtaining only material from which the insoles are subsequently cut down according to traditional technology. Those. the manufacture of insoles is characterized by the occurrence of a significant amount of waste and a large number of operations. The specified material in its physical and mechanical properties is not suitable for the manufacture of the main insole for shoes, and its scope is limited to insert and set-in insoles.

A known method of manufacturing the main insole of artificial leather with a gellen made of plastic. Insoles with a plastic gel are made on semi-automatic lines of the Plastak company (Italy). Injection of plastic into the bifurcated heel-gel part of the insole ensures its high rigidity and full compliance with the desired shape required for the manufacture of shoes with plastic heels. The process of manufacturing insoles includes the following operations:

1) automated cutting of insoles from rolled texon, branding and punching of a centering through hole, doubling of the heel-heel section of insoles;

2) laying the insoles in the molds of the injection unit, molding plastic in the bifurcated part of the insoles with the simultaneous molding of the gel;

3) trimming sprue and burrs.

For the casting of gellen, a copolymer of ethylene with propylene of the monopoly brand, polypropylene granular light brand 21060, polyethylene ND or VD are used. Casting mode: injection pressure 1.8-2 MPa, holding under pressure 20-30 s, cooling time 2.5-3 min. (Shoemaker's Handbook. Technology. Edited by A.N. Kalita, Moscow, Legprombytizdat, 1989, p. 70).

The specified method involves the operation of cutting the insole from sheets of cardboard, which leads to the appearance of a significant amount of waste, as well as a large number of operations.

The specified product has a reduced moisture capacity due to the use of vapor-tight gelki made of polymer located in the bifurcated part of the insole. And also there is a release of harmful substances from synthetic latexes used in the manufacture of Texon shoeboards.

A known method of manufacturing the main insole of leather and artificial leather with cardboard half insoles or heels and toe pads or without them. This type of insoles is used in the manufacture of shoes with adhesive, injection and thread methods of fastening on medium and low heels. For the manufacture of these insoles, pre-processing is carried out - the descent of the edges of the semi-insoles, heel pads and sock pads. The technological process of assembly and processing of insoles with half insoles or heel pads and toe overlays is carried out similarly to the assembly of two-layer insoles and includes operations (preparation of semi-finished products): alignment of leather insoles (organic component) in thickness; grinding leather insoles from the front and bakhtarmany sides; indentation of the bundle part of the insoles; lowering the edges of semi-insoles (heel pads, toe pads); glue application (binder) on insoles and half insoles (heel pads, toe pads); drying the glue and gluing the insoles parts, chamfering the heel and gel part of the insoles with half insoles, punching the centering hole in the heel part of the insoles (for shoes using hot vulcanization), molding. Lowering the edges. The edges of the semi-steels smoothly descend along the entire perimeter (only the front edge is allowed to descend); toe pads and heel cups run down a straight edge. The width of the descent of the semi-insoles is along the front, and the heel pads along the straight edge are 12-17 mm, the toe pads are along the straight edge 10-12 mm. The width of the descent of the semi-insoles along the heel-gel edge is 8-14 mm. The thickness of the deflated edges is 1 ± 0.2 mm. The lowering of the edges is carried out on machines ASG-12 or 14211 / P6, 05185 / P2 for lowering the edges of the bottom parts.

Application of glue on insoles, half insoles (heel pads, toe pads), drying of glue and bonding of insoles (forming the insole). These operations are carried out similarly to gluing two-layer insoles. The heel pad can be mounted on brackets or tex on PDN-O, 04040 / P1 or M-32-2 machines.

Chamfering the heel-gel part of the insoles with half insoles. Insoles from the end face are evenly ground or lowered from the side facing the sole along the perimeter of the heel-gel part. Grinding or lowering is carried out so that the angle of inclination of the surface of the insole end is an extension of the side surface of the block. The width and thickness of the deflated edge is 1.5-4 mm. The insole contour must not be damaged. Equipment: machines ШН-1-О and о4127 / Р10 for grinding bottom parts, BGF -8 from Morbach company (Germany), AV from Anver company (France). The molding process is combined with the simultaneous punching of holes in the toe and heel for a centered lining of insoles on metal pads. The size, shape and location of the punched holes must correspond to metal fasteners on the pads, mounted on a semi-automatic line (PLC-O). The process of forming and punching holes on the insole is carried out on PFG-1-O presses, a pressure of 5 MPa and a temperature of up to 60 ° C using cardboard. (Shoe technology. T.P. Shvetsova, Moscow, Light and Food Industry, 1983, p.120-122).

The specified method involves the operation of cutting insoles and other mentioned parts from sheets of shoe cardboard, which leads to the appearance of a significant amount of waste. In addition, there is a need for a significant number of cutters for the listed parts for the entire size assortment of shoes.

The specified method implies a significant number of operations in the processing of parts and the assembly of the stealth unit: lowering the edges, applying glue, drying the glue, gluing the parts together, chamfering in the heel-gel part, molding the insole.

The specified product in the process of operating shoes releases harmful substances into the footwear space, residual monomers from synthetic latexes used in the manufacture of shoe glass cardboards.

The technical result of the claimed technical solution is to obtain the main insole for shoes with adjustable indicators of optimal density and stiffness in the toe and heel-gel areas with the same thickness of the insole, which has high hygienic properties, such as increased hygroscopicity, reduced wetting.

This object is achieved in that the method for producing the main insole for shoes consists in preparing a semi-finished product including an organic component, forming the insole using a binder and molding, plant fibers (flax, sedge) are used as an organic component, and polyolefin fibers are used as a binder ( polypropylene, polyethylene), which are subjected to grinding to a length of 10-15 mm and mechanically mixing plant fibers with binder fibers and the content of the latter in the mixture is 30-40%, after which a semi-finished product is formed from a homogeneous bulk according to the specified parameters of rigidity, density and thickness with a bulk content in the fore part of 1200-1800 g / m ² , and in the heel-gel part 2400-3600 g / m ² , after which the fibrous mass in the heel-gel part is compacted by reducing the volume of the fibrous mixture in comparison with the initial volume obtained when loading the mold, and the formation of the entire insole is carried out by hot pressing at a temperature of 180 ± 5 ° C and continue 6 ± 1 min, after which they give the insole a certain spatial configuration corresponding to the shape of the track of the block, in a known manner.

The method of producing insoles eliminates the need for operations of cutting parts of the insole assembly (insole, half-insole), and the waste associated with the receipt of parts from sheets of shoe cardboard (intermodel and regional waste).

The insole preparation method allows to exclude operations: lowering the edges of the half-insole, applying glue to the half-insole and insole, drying the adhesive film, gluing parts, molding the insole and chamfering in the heel-gel part of the insole.

The method of producing insoles reduces the need for a significant number of molds. The number of molds can be halved due to the possibility of obtaining the left and right half pairs of insoles in one mold.

The method of obtaining allows to obtain the main insole with the specified stiffness in the toe and heel-gel parts with the same thickness due to a change in the bulk mass placed in the mold before pressing.

Proof of the materiality of the differences.

The ratio of fibrous raw materials: 30% PPx70% Flax, 40% PPx60% Flax.

Hot pressing of the product.

Preparation of fibrous raw materials for hot pressing.

The use of flax and PP is known (see analogue).

The known method of hot pressing (Bershev EN Technology for the production of nonwoven materials, publishing house “Light and food industry”, M., 1982, p.232).

A known method of preparing the fiber mixture for hot pressing (grinding and mixing with the simultaneous distribution of the binder in the fiber mixture) (Bershev EN Technology for the production of nonwoven materials, publishing house “Light and food industry”, M., 1982, p.242 )

Thanks to the combined use of the claimed features, the bonding of organic fibers into a single system is ensured by gluing them with thermoplastic binder at individual points and obtaining the main insole in a finished form that does not require subsequent mechanical processing, i.e. achievement of the declared goal (see above).

The resulting structure of the material provides optimal conditions for mass transfer, the possibility of moisture penetration, including sweat secretions (and moisture vapor) over the entire thickness of the insole, which improves its hygroscopicity, moisture absorption, moisture loss, which helps to improve its hygienic properties of both the insole and shoes in whole.

The absence of harmful monomers in the binder from the polyolefin series excludes the release of any harmful substances during the operation of shoes.

The use of organic fibers also helps to improve the environmental performance of the product. It is known that the use of flax fiber in an amount of 60% or more provides high hygienic (moisture absorption, moisture loss) properties, high fungus resistance, bactericidal properties (Zhivetin V.V., Ginzburg LN, Ryzhov LI, Len, IPO Polygran , 1995, p. 12).

The method of producing the insole allows using not only primary raw materials, but also waste from light industry enterprises (textile, footwear, etc.), which also helps to reduce the harmful environmental impact on the environment.

The method of producing insoles allows to reduce the number of technological operations, increase labor productivity and reduce the complexity of manufacturing the product.

The method of obtaining insoles can increase the level of automation of shoe production.

The specified method of producing insoles allows it to be used in the manufacture of insoles, heel pads, flicks for typeset heels, substrates for backpack shoes.

The method of producing insoles eliminates water consumption and reduces energy consumption, in contrast to the methods for producing shoeboards, which are currently used in the manufacture of basic insoles. One of the most common methods for the production of shoeboard paperboard includes paper, the main disadvantage of which is the use of large volumes of water and relatively high energy costs (E.N. Bershev. Handbook. Non-woven textile fabrics, M., Legprombytizdat, 1987, p. 283).

The product has mechanical stability in wet and dry conditions and is not subject to delamination, which is characteristic of most brands of shoeboards (Texon, S-2, SCM).

The following components are used in this technical solution:

Fibers:

“Flax fiber short” GOST 9394-76.

Tissue Waste:

Polypropylene fabric TU 838820500319767-96,

An example of a specific implementation of the method of manufacturing the main insole for shoes.

Preparation of the fibrous mixture (semi-finished product) and its loading into the mold.

The preparation of the fibrous mixture (semi-finished product) includes the following operations: grinding of flax and PP fibers to a length of 10-15 mm; mechanical mixing of flax fibers with PP fibers with a content of the latter in the mixture of 30-40%, while the fibers to be mixed should be evenly distributed and randomized (differently oriented). For a better understanding of the process, FIGS. 1-5 show the main steps for manufacturing the insole in the mold. The mold consists of the following elements: punch - 1, counter-punch - 2, die - 3, internal cavity of the mold - 4.

Download the fibrous mixture (figure 1).

The fibrous mixture is loaded into the internal cavity 4 of the mold by mechanical dosing, which provides for a stepwise distribution of the bulk density of the fiber mixture in different sections of the insole, to provide different stiffness and density of the insole in different sections of the insole (smaller in the forefoot and greater in the heel-gel part) while uniform distribution of the fibrous mixture over the entire volume of the stepped mold should be achieved. Dosing is carried out over the entire volume of the filled internal cavity of the mold, having the dimensions of a given contour of the product - the main insole. The mixture of fibers is loaded with a restriction on the upper level of the matrix 3. In this case, the heated punch 1 is in the extreme upper position A, and the counter punch 2 is in the lowermost position F, forming a volume for filling with an additional fiber mixture, strengthening, respectively, the heel-gel part of the main insole. The bulk density in the fore part is from 1200-1800 g / m ² , and in the heel-gel part from 2400-3600 g / m ² .

Closing the mold (figure 2).

Closing the mold is carried out in the following sequence: the working surface of the punch 1 is in the middle position B, overlapping the open cavity of the matrix 3 while the counter punch 2 is in the extreme lower position F.

Pre-seal of the semi-finished product (figure 3).

The preliminary compaction of the pulp (semi-finished product) in the heel-gel part is provided by reducing the volume of the fibrous mixture in comparison with the initial volume obtained when loading the mold. Compaction of the mixture in the heel-gel part is carried out by raising the counter-punch 2 to the middle position E.

Hot pressing, receiving insole fabric (figure 4).

The very hot pressing is carried out due to the final compaction of the fibrous mixture. During hot pressing, the punch 1 moves to its lowest position C and compresses the fiber mixture to the required thickness b = 2-3 mm. The thickness of the insole web b is determined by the internal cavity formed when the mold elements are closed, and is adjusted depending on the purpose of the product. Further, the process of bonding flax fibers to each other using a binder occurs under the influence of the temperature of the heated punch. The heating temperature of the mold elements is determined by the temperature of the viscous flow of the polymer binder and, when using PP, is 180 ± 5 ° C. The duration of hot pressing is 6 ± 1 min.

Removing the product (figure 5).

After the hot pressing time has elapsed, the mold elements are opened in such a way that the punch 1 rises to its initial extreme upper position A, while the counter punch rises to its highest upper position D and the resulting insole 5 is removed from the mold (Fig. 5).

Cooling and molding insoles.

Then the main insole is transferred to the forming device to give the insole a specific spatial configuration corresponding to the shape of the track of the block. In the molding process, cooling of the insole occurs simultaneously. Duration of molding 1 min at a temperature of the cooling punch of the forming device 10 ± 2 ° C.

Explanatory table to the mold diagram

Work stage Mold Position Punch Counter - Punch FIG. Mixture loading Extreme upper - A Extreme bottom - F 1 Mold closing Medium - In Extreme bottom - F 2 Compaction of the mixture in the heel-gel part Medium - In Medium - E 3 Hot pressing Extreme lower - C Medium - E 4 Product retrieval Extreme upper - A Extreme top - D 5

Note - after the last operation, the mold elements return to their initial position.

The properties of the material obtained for the main insoles were determined according to GOST 9542-89 “Cardboard shoe and shoe details from it. General specifications. ” All examples were performed in one technological mode: mold heating temperature 180 ± 5 ° С, pressing time 6 ± 1 min. The percentage of fibrous filler and binder in the mixture was changed: 30% PPx 70% Flax - Example 1, 40% PPx 60% Flax - Example 2.

The stiffness of the materials for the main insole

Name of material Stiffness indicator, N, in various sections of the insole Fore part Heel and gel part Example 1 18-64 90-124 Example 2 20-80 80-165 Ready-made insole Fintex insole material Bartolly half-insole material 40 177.2 Value according to GOST 9542-89 Main insole 10-75 Half insole 10-180

Physico-mechanical properties of the material for the main insoles

The composition of the fiber mixture Name of indicator, average Value according to GOST 9542-89 Prototype Density, g / cm ³ Example 1 0.50 No more than 0.95 0.7 ± 0.1 Example 2 0.55 Wet% Example 1 8.0 No more than 50.0 fifty Example 2 7.6 Hygroscopicity,% Example 1 8.7 Not less than 2.5 3 Example 2 8.3 Tensile strength after soaking, MPa Example 1 2,4 No less
3-5 7.5 Example 2 3.2 The relative stretching in the dry state,% Example 1 14.0 14-28 12-26 Example 2 16,0 Rigidity, N Example 1 60.5 Basic insole 10-75 - Example 2 60.0

Claims (1)

The method of obtaining the main insole for shoes, which consists in preparing a semi-finished product, including the organic component, forming the insole using a binder and molding, characterized in that as an organic component using fibers of plant origin (flax, sedge), as a binder polyolefin fibers (polypropylene) , polyethylene), which are subjected to grinding to a length of 10-15 mm and mechanically mixing plant fibers with binder fibers at a content of ednih in a mixture of 30-40%, after which the bulk of a homogeneous mass is formed semifinished product according to preset parameters hardness, density and thickness of the bulk content of the mass in the toe portion of 1200-1800 g / m ^2, and in the heel-part gelenochnoy 2400-3600 g / m ² , after which the fibrous mass in the heel-gel part is compacted by reducing the volume of the fibrous mixture in comparison with the initial volume obtained when loading the mold, and the formation of the entire insole is carried out by hot pressing at a temperature of (180 ± 5) ° С and duration (6 ± 1) in, then attach insole certain spatial configuration corresponding to the shape of the trace pads in a known manner.

Images