RU2254548C1 - Method for cumulative action on condensed medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical action on condensed media, in particular, cumulative actions, applicable for processing or destruction of condensed media in metal-working, mining, mine-processing, oil production industries, construction, fire-fighting, military affair, etc.

SUBSTANCE: the method includes ejection with the use of a high-pressure source of n easily deformable element into a condensed medium with its destruction. The mentioned ejection is accomplished with destruction of the mentioned easily deformable element onto disperse [articles with a subsequent formation from them in the process of motion of a well regulated structure of disperse particles flying in the direction to the condensed medium.

EFFECT: enhanced cumulative effect at an action on a condensed medium.

9 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical action on condensed matter, namely, cumulative effect, and can be used, preferably, for processing or destroying condensed matter in the metalworking, mining, mining, oil industry, construction, fire fighting, military, etc. .

In the future, when describing the proposed method, the term "condensed medium" will be used, denoting any solid, porous or liquid medium.

It is known (Big Encyclopedic Dictionary “Polytechnic”, M., “Big Russian Encyclopedia”, 1998, p. 260) that the cumulative effect is the concentration of the explosion in one particular direction, and it is proposed to use an energy source (ammunition) to obtain a cumulative effect with a recess facing the specified source. When an energy source explodes, detonation products are emitted by a thin stream in the direction indicated by the recess and penetrate the obstacle encountered. The magnitude of the cumulative effect depends on the speed of detonation, the distance from the energy source to the obstacle, the shape of the notch, the presence of a lining in it, etc.

The well-known (ATTETKOV A.A., GNUSKIN A.M., PYRYEV V.A., SAGIDULLIN G.G. Metal cutting by explosion, M .: SIP RIA, 2000, p.17, 18) the proposal is also used to obtain a cumulative effect throwing using a high pressure source of an easily deformable element into a condensed medium with its destruction.

A disadvantage of the known proposals should be recognized as their lack of effectiveness.

The technical problem solved by the proposed technical solution is to develop a new method of cumulative impact on the surface of the volume occupied by the condensed medium.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the proposed technical solution consists in increasing the cumulative effect when exposed to a condensed medium.

To achieve the indicated technical result, it is proposed to use a method of cumulative impact on a condensed medium, including throwing using a high pressure source an easily deformable element into a condensed medium, and this throwing is carried out with the destruction of the specified easily deformable element into dispersed (preferably finely dispersed) particles, followed by the formation of them in the process of moving the ordered structure of dispersed particles of high value and pulse and flying towards a condensed medium. As an easily deformable element, solid plates and shells made mainly of metals or metal polymers, as well as plates and shells filled mainly with a liquid medium, are preferably used. However, shells with voids can also be used. Typically, when implementing the method, an easily deformable element is used that is heterogeneous in density or thickness. An easily deformable projectile may have bulges and depressions. In addition, when implementing the method, an inhomogeneous explosive or a charge with an uneven surface facing an easily deformable element can be used. In the case of using an easily deformable element that is nonuniform in thickness, it is preferable to use an element whose maximum or minimum thickness point is located at the intersection of the surface of the easily deformable element and the perpendicular drawn from the center of the base of the element. This can be an easily deformable element having the shape of a conical, pyramidal, spherical or elliptical surface, as well as a paraboloid.

During the development of the method, it was theoretically predicted and experimentally established that when throwing under these conditions an easily destructible element with the above characteristics (inhomogeneity in shape or density) or using an inhomogeneous composition or form of explosive material, deformation of an easily deformable element occurs with the creation of active high energy areas. With the indicated movement, rods are formed rapidly from the fragments of the easily deformable element, the front ends of which are at the points of heterogeneity of the easily deformable element or explosive, and each rod has its own rod. These rods move towards a condensed medium with increasing speed in time. During the experiments, it was found that when using a thick steel plate as a condensed medium, the number of craters or through holes formed in the plate corresponds to the number of inhomogeneity points on an easily deformable element or sample of explosive. The depth of penetration of these rods into a condensed medium, ceteris paribus, is determined by the material and mass of the easily deformable element, the initial distance from the easily deformable element to the surface of the condensed medium, as well as the characteristics of the explosive.

The invention will be further disclosed using the following implementation examples.

1. When throwing using a charge of trotylhexogen with a mass of 0.1 kg into an armored plate of 0.05 m thickness from a distance of 0.15 m of a copper plate with a diameter of 0.045 m with edges bent towards the armored plate in the plate, a through hole was made with an inlet diameter of 0.045 m and an output diameter of 0.025 m.

2. When throwing in the conditions of example 1 a flat copper plate with six conical protrusions with base diameters of 0.01 m, the centers of which are located on a circle so that the cones are in contact with each other, craters are obtained in the armor plate, the centers of which also lie on a circle, the depth of the craters is 0.02 m, and the inlet diameter is 0.017 m.

3. To load a steel cylinder with a diameter of 0.05 m and a height of 0.1 m, it was placed coaxially inside a copper pipe with a diameter of 0.1 m and a thickness periodically changing from 0.001 m to 0.002 m with a step of a period of 0.012 m in the longitudinal and circumferential direction. When throwing a pipe onto a cylinder using a charge of trotylhexogen located outside the pipe, complete destruction of the steel cylinder was observed.

4. When throwing from a distance of 0.2 m a copper plate having in cross section the shape of a part of a sinusoid 0.03 m high and 0.12 m wide, towards a titanium plate 0.05 m thick and linear dimensions 0.4 m × 0 , 2 m, using a similar charge of trotylhexogen, an incision was made in the titanium plate, dividing the plate into two parts.

5. To extinguish a forest fire, a throwing element in the form of a bomb with a volume of 0.72 m ^{3 was used} , the shell of which is made of polyvinyl chloride, the side surface being pyramidal with the sides of the base 0.8 m × 0.8 m. On the bottom convex part 16 depressions, the centers of which form a regular structure, and the distance between the centers of depressions was 0.2 m. Depressions are formed during the formation of the shell at the manufacturing stage. The volume of the bomb is filled with water. Inside the bomb, on a rigid cable at half the distance between the neck of the side surface and the bottom of the bottom, a plastic bomb weighing 0.5 kg is fixed. To detonate the plastic checkers, a detonator and a fire wire are used. The bomb is designed to be dropped from a helicopter. The fire-resistant cord is set on fire before the bomb is dropped so that the plastit bomb (with subsequent rupture of the shell) explodes at a height of 20 m to 60 m above the fire site. The kinetic energy of the falling water allows you to bring down even a horse fire with water saturation of the surface of trees and land.

The above examples do not exhaust the possibility of applying the method.

Claims (9)

1. The method of cumulative effects on a condensed medium, including throwing using a high pressure source of an easily deformable element into a condensed medium with its destruction, characterized in that the throwing is carried out with the destruction of an easily deformable element into dispersed particles with the subsequent formation of them in the process of moving towards the condensed environment of an ordered structure. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use an easily deformable element in the form of a plate and a shell. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use an easily deformable element, nonuniform in density. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a heterogeneous explosive is used as a source of high pressure. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the charge of an explosive with an uneven surface facing an easily deformable element is used. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use an easily deformable element, non-uniform in thickness. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that they use an easily deformable element, the point of maximum or minimum thickness of which is located at the intersection of its surface and the perpendicular drawn from the center of the base of the element. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that they use an easily deformable element having the shape of a conical, pyramidal, spherical or elliptical surface, as well as a paraboloid. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an easily deformable element with voids is used.