RU225270U1 - DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING FIRE EXTINGUISHING POWDER FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING A LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS SPILL FIRE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to fire-fighting equipment, in particular to devices for releasing and distributing fire extinguishing powder, namely to a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder, which is used to extinguish a fire of a spill of liquefied natural gas (LNG). The device for supplying fire extinguishing powder contains a barrel (3) made in the form of a pipe, one of the ends of which is designed to be connected to a cylinder (5) for supplying fire extinguishing powder. The second end (4) of the barrel pipe (3) is made blind, and at a distance from 0.5 to 1.5 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3) from the blind end of the barrel (3) a slot is made, making it possible to form a jet (7) to extinguish a spill fire ( 8) LNG, in which the ratio of the slot area to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe is from 0.5 to 0.85. The technical result consists in providing the possibility of extinguishing a fire of an LNG spill by forming a jet for extinguishing a fire of LNG spills with an opening angle in the horizontal plane from 110° to 130° and in the vertical plane from 10° to 15°, which creates a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder above surface of the burning LNG strait.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model relates

The utility model relates to fire-fighting equipment, in particular, to devices for the release and distribution of fire extinguishing powder, namely to a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder, which is used to extinguish a fire of a spill of liquefied natural gas (LNG).

State of the art

Methods for extinguishing an LNG spill fire are known from the prior art, including treating the LNG surface with water-air foam (for example, RU 2744719 C1, published 03/15/2021, RU 2589562 C1, published 03/15/2021).

The disadvantage of such solutions is the low fire extinguishing efficiency due to the fact that the surface of the LNG spill has a temperature of -160°C. When a jet of foam hits the surface of an LNG spill, the evaporation of LNG intensifies and, accordingly, its combustion intensifies. There is no experimental data confirming the possibility of extinguishing an LNG spill fire using low and medium expansion foam. The claims are not about extinguishing a spill fire, but only about a method for eliminating emergency spills of liquefied natural gas or liquefied hydrocarbon gas, including treating the surface of the liquefied gas with water-air foam, that is, the foam is applied to a non-burning LNG spill.

Also known from the prior art is a fire extinguisher (GB545423, published May 26, 1942), which includes a portable container for dry powder equipped with means for supplying pressurized gas into the stream, a hose and a flat nozzle.

The disadvantage of this solution is the impossibility of using an LNG spill to extinguish a fire. Despite the fact that this fire extinguisher has a flat nozzle, the jet of fire extinguishing powder has the shape of a slightly flattened cone and is not able to cover the entire surface of the spill fire and, accordingly, cannot extinguish it.

The technical problem is that the known fire extinguishing methods and the design of fire extinguishers do not provide the ability to effectively extinguish an LNG spill fire, which has a low temperature and, when extinguishing which, intensification of LNG evaporation, as well as intensification of its combustion, can occur.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The objective of this utility model is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing an LNG spill fire.

The technical result consists in providing the possibility of extinguishing a fire of an LNG spill by forming a jet for extinguishing a fire of LNG spills with an opening angle in the horizontal plane from 110° to 130° and in the vertical plane from 10° to 15°, which creates a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder above surface of the burning LNG strait. This layer blocks the heat flow from the flame to the surface of the spill and reduces the intensity of LNG evaporation and, accordingly, the concentration of fuel in the combustion zone, which leads to the extinction of the flame.

The above technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for supplying fire extinguishing powder contains a barrel made in the form of a pipe, one of the ends of which is designed to be connected to a cylinder for supplying fire extinguishing powder. The second end of the barrel pipe is made blind, and at a distance from 0.5 to 1.5 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe from the blind end of the barrel, a slot is made, which makes it possible to form a jet to extinguish the fire of an LNG spill, with the ratio of the slot area to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe ranges from 0.5 to 0.85.

The slot can be made perpendicular to the axis of the barrel.

The slot can be made at a distance of one radius of the internal section of the pipe from the blind end of the barrel.

The ratio of the slot area to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe can be 0.7.

The depth of the slot can be equal to the radius of the outer section of the barrel pipe.

The width of the slot can be from 0.5 to 0.85 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3).

The width of the slot can be 0.7 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe.

The barrel can be made in the form of a curved pipe, and can also contain a valve and a handle.

The barrel may contain an additional handle located perpendicular to the axis of the barrel.

A plug can be installed at the second end of the barrel pipe, ensuring its sealed design.

Brief description of drawings

The design features of the invention are illustrated by drawings, in which:

fig. 1 - general view of the barrel of the device for supplying fire extinguishing powder;

fig. 2 - general view of the end of the barrel with a plug;

fig. 3 - general view of the use of a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder during extinguishing;

fig. 4 - top view of the fire extinguishing powder spray zone;

fig. 5 (a), 5 (b), 5 (c), 5 (d) - phased elimination of the LNG spill fire.

Implementation of a utility model

Extinguishing an LNG spill fire is complicated by the fact that it has a very low temperature - about -160°C. When extinguishing it with foam, the evaporation of LNG is intensified and, accordingly, its combustion is intensified. To eliminate a fire in a continuous LNG spill, it is necessary to create a fire extinguishing concentration at each point above the surface for a time sufficient to extinguish.

A jet of fire extinguishing powder spreads over the surface of the liquid without exerting a dynamic or thermal effect on the surface of the liquid, blocking the heat flow from the flame to the surface of the liquid, inhibiting the combustion process and extinguishing the flame over the entire surface of the liquid. The fire extinguishing powder composition preferably includes a main component, a highly dispersed additive, a targeted fluidity additive and a water-repellent organosilicon liquid modifier. In particular, the composition and content of the components of the fire extinguishing powder composition may be in accordance with patent No. RU 2228777 C1 dated February 14, 2003. The use of foam will not ensure effective extinguishing of an LNG spill fire. In particular, the foam will inevitably, on the one hand, evaporate under the influence of the heat flow of the flame, on the other hand, when it hits the surface of the liquid, it will intensify its evaporation due to the large temperature difference.

Creating a jet of fire extinguishing powder is possible by using a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder, which provides a stream of fire extinguishing powder, and the jet must create a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder above the surface of the burning LNG spill.

The device for supplying fire extinguishing powder contains a barrel (3), which is made in the form of a pipe, and in the most preferred embodiment, a curved pipe. The most preferred barrel material (3) is steel. The bend is necessary to ensure that the operator can remain at a safe distance, and also to allow the operator to correctly position the slot relative to the LNG spill (8) to create a continuous layer of fire extinguishing powder over the surface of the burning LNG spill. In one embodiment, the barrel tube (3) has two bends, each of which is approximately 45°; in another embodiment, the barrel tube (3) has one bend, which is approximately 90°. In this case, the number of bends and the specific value of the bend angles of the barrel pipe (3) may be different.

The first end of the barrel pipe (3) is connected to a cylinder (5), which contains fire extinguishing powder, and the second end (4) of the barrel pipe (3) is made blind and contains a slot made with the possibility of forming a jet (7) to extinguish a spill fire (8 ) LNG. The fire extinguisher cylinder (5) is pumped with air or other propellant gas to the operating pressure necessary to displace the powder at a given flow rate.

On the pipe, preferably on the part that is closer to the first end, there is a valve (2), which provides the ability to turn on and off the flow of fire extinguishing powder, and a handle (1), which provides ease of operation and control for the operator. A valve or other means used to shut off the flow can be used as a valve (2). According to the most preferred embodiment, the barrel (3) contains an additional handle (1) located perpendicular to the axis of the barrel (3). The presence of handles (1) and a valve (2) allows the operator to correctly position the slot relative to the LNG spill (8) to create a continuous layer of fire extinguishing powder suspension above the surface of the burning LNG spill.

The second end (4) of the barrel (3) is blind and contains a slot that forms a jet (7) for extinguishing the fire of LNG spills (8). The slot is made at a distance from 0.5 to 1.5 of the radius of the internal section of the pipe from the blind end of the barrel (3). The most preferred distance is one radius of the internal section of the pipe from the blind end of the barrel (3). In this case, the ratio of the slot area Shi to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe Str is: Ssch/Str from 0.5 to 0.85. The most preferred ratio is 0.7.

The opening angle of the generated jet (7) when using a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder of the above design is: in the horizontal plane from 110° to 130° and in the vertical plane from 10° to 15°. This geometry of the powder spray zone is most convenient for extinguishing the fire of LNG spills (8) over an area.

The width of the slot according to one embodiment ranges from 0.5 to 0.85 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3), and according to the most preferred embodiment it is 0.7 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3), while the depth of the slot is approximately equal to the radius of the external section of the pipe trunk (3). This design provides the best jet characteristics, which makes it possible to create a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder over the surface of the burning LNG spill.

The concentration of fire extinguishing powder in the stream (7) is inversely proportional to the distance from the point of outflow and is approximately constant at each point of the stream during the entire time of outflow of the powder from the fire extinguisher.

In the most preferred embodiment, the slot is made perpendicular to the axis of the barrel (3). The perpendicular arrangement provides the best jet characteristics, which makes it possible to create a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder over the surface of the burning LNG spill.

According to the most preferred embodiment, the blind design of the second end of the barrel pipe (3) is ensured by installing a plug (10). This design simplifies the design and makes it easy to repair in the event of a malfunction by replacing the plug (10) to make it possible to extinguish the fire of LNG spills by creating a continuous layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder above the surface of the burning LNG spill.

A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder to extinguish a fire of an LNG spill (8) operates as follows.

To obtain a flat continuous jet (7), a device for supplying fire extinguishing powder is used in accordance with the present utility model. The barrel pipe (3) is connected at its first end to the fire extinguisher cylinder (5). The connection is made, for example, using a flexible hose (6).

Powder from the fire extinguisher cylinder (5) enters the fire extinguishing powder supply device through a flexible hose (6). The GPOV supply should be carried out parallel to the LNG surface; for this, the slot in the barrel pipe of the device for supplying fire extinguishing powder is installed at a certain height and distance from the LNG spill, taking into account the angle of opening of the jet (7). The operator places the barrel pipe slot at the outer edge of the burning LNG strait (8), at a height L of about 200 mm from the surface of the LNG strait (8).

After positioning and assessing the environment, such as strong headwinds, the operator opens the valve (2). The powder spreading through the pipe rests against the plug (10) and flows out through the slot evenly in all directions. In this case, a jet (7) is formed with a preferred opening angle in the horizontal plane from 110° to 130° and in the vertical plane from 10° to 15°. The jet (7) should create a layer of suspended fire extinguishing powder above the combustion surface.

Elimination of an LNG fire occurs at a gas supply intensity of at least 1.5±0.1 kg/(s⋅m2). To eliminate a fire in a continuous spill (8) of LNG, it is necessary to create a fire extinguishing concentration at each point above the surface for a time sufficient for extinguishing.

In fig. 5 (a) - 5 (d) shows an example of extinguishing an LNG spill fire, where:

fig. 5 (a) - burning of the LNG spill, beginning of extinguishing;

fig. 5 (b) - 2 seconds of operation of the device for supplying fire extinguishing powder;

fig. 5 (c) - 4 seconds of operation of the device for supplying fire extinguishing powder;

fig. 5 (d) - liquidation of the LNG spill, evaporation of LNG.

Claims (10)

1. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder, containing a barrel (3), made in the form of a pipe, one of the ends of which is designed to be connected to a cylinder (5) for supplying fire extinguishing powder, characterized in that the second end (4) of the barrel pipe (3 ) is made blind, and at a distance from 0.5 to 1.5 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3) from the blind end of the barrel (3) a slot is made, which makes it possible to form a jet (7) to extinguish the fire of a spill (8) of liquefied natural gas (LNG), while the ratio of the slot area to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe is from 0.5 to 0.85. 2. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot is made perpendicular to the axis of the barrel (3). 3. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the slot is made at a distance of one radius of the internal section of the pipe from the blind end of the barrel (3). 4. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the slot area to the internal cross-sectional area of the pipe is 0.7. 5. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the slot is equal to the radius of the outer section of the pipe. 6. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the slot is from 0.5 to 0.85 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3). 7. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 6, characterized in that the width of the slot is 0.7 of the radius of the internal section of the barrel pipe (3). 8. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrel (3) is made in the form of a curved pipe and also contains a valve (2) and a handle (1). 9. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 8, characterized in that the barrel (3) contains an additional handle (1) located perpendicular to the axis of the barrel (3). 10. A device for supplying fire extinguishing powder according to claim 1, characterized in that a plug (10) is installed at the second end of the barrel pipe (3), ensuring its sealed design.