RU2252302C2 - Device for digging soil from under the pipeline - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: earth-moving machinery.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device for digging and removing soil from under the pipeline at major and selective repairs. Proposed device contains working member, working member framework and working member shifting mechanism. The latter contains truck based on pipeline and secured to frame-work of working member, and self-propelled machine based on edge of trench. Truck is provided with beam based on pipeline and connected by flexible members with framework of working member and with self-propelled machine. Flexible members connected with framework of working member are arranged at both sides of pipeline, being connected with ends of beam. Flexible member connected with self-propelled machine is connected with central part of beam by eye. Self-propelled machine is made in form of pipe layer to boom of which bracket with guide sheave is connected. Flexible member connected with eye is passed through guide sheave of boom bracket and is connected with hook of pipe-layer either directly or through power cylinder. Self-propelled machine is made in form of excavator. Free end of flexible member connected with eye is connected also with bucket of excavator.

EFFECT: improved operation reliability.

3 cl, 1 tbl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of earth-moving engineering, in particular to devices for the development and removal of soil from under the pipeline during its continuous and selective repairs.

There are two types of continuous repair with undermining:

- repair is carried out with the participation of supporting (so that the pipeline does not sag) lifting mechanisms;

- repair is carried out without the participation of supporting lifting mechanisms.

The present invention relates mainly to earth-moving devices used in the repair without the participation of supporting lifting mechanisms.

There are known methods and devices for soil development during selective repairs (see “Time sheet for technical equipment for overhaul of main oil pipelines”, RD 39-00147105-011-97, p.16), according to which soil development under the pipeline is carried out by an excavator based on the Tatra automobile with swivel bucket model UDS-114, manufactured in the former Czechoslovakia. A straight telescopic boom has the ability to lengthen, and the bucket, mounted on the end of the boom, unfold. The driver performs the development of soil under the pipeline while sitting in the rear cab of the car in the following sequence:

- installs an excavator, for example, on the left side of the pipeline and performs opening and undermining of the pipeline on its left side:

- moves the excavator to the right side and performs the same operations.

Next, the driver goes to the front cab, removes the outriggers of the car, drives a step (1.5-2 meters), lowers the outriggers, goes back to the rear cab and starts a new excavation cycle similar to the first. Thus, for the development of soil 2 meters long, the excavator and the driver have to repeatedly change their position.

The disadvantages of the known methods and devices for the development of soil from under the pipeline:

- safety precautions are not observed, especially with pipe diameters above 820 mm. The engineer, manipulating the bucket under the pipeline, does not see his fangs at all, so there is a danger of damage to the pipe. UDS-114 excavators have long been used and are now used to open and dig an empty pipeline 4-6 m long (oil is previously pumped out of the pipeline) during emergency repairs. But during selective repairs, the pipeline is under oil pressure, so the danger of an emergency is much higher. In addition, the length of the exposed area is many times greater;

- the process of performing the operations of the method for the driver is not convenient and tedious and is not productive;

- UDS-114 excavator is imported, expensive;

- The overcome angle of elevation by the excavator is insignificant.

A known method and device for the development of soil under the pipeline for selective repair using a domestic single-bucket excavator, the bucket of which is equipped with a special tool for excavating the soil under the pipeline (see "Rules for the overhaul of main oil pipelines." RD 39-00147105-015-98, p. 163, 164. Ufa, 1998, IPTER). With this method, for the development of soil (undermining), the same excavator is used that previously opened the pipeline, i.e. prepared a pipeline for digging under the pipeline. At the same time, there is practically no delay in repair work, because during selective repairs, small lengths of the pipeline are opened and repaired, mainly 10 to 20 m long. After opening such a small section of the pipeline, the excavator immediately switches to excavate under the pipeline. To do this, pre-digging tool is attached to the bucket. However, with a similar tool, it is possible to develop soil under a pipeline with a diameter of only 820 mm.

There is also a known method and device for the development of soil from under oil trunk pipelines during continuous repairs (see. “Table of technical equipment for capital repair services of trunk oil pipelines”, RD 39-00147105-011-97, Ufa, 1998, IPTER Institute), which consists in that the movement (working feed) of the working body for cutting soil is carried out by a moving mechanism of the working body, based on the pipeline and rigidly connected with the working body, made according to ed. testimonial. No. 524882, IPC ⁶ E 02 F 5/08, 1976. In the process of moving, the development of soil under the pipeline is carried out by the working bodies. A pipe-layer placed on the edge of the trench is moved next to the digging machine, designed to tow a power station, which, in addition to the device for excavating the soil under the pipeline, also has the engines of a treatment and insulation machine.

All the driver’s work consists in moving the excavator from time to time (synchronously to the repair machines) by a step of 1.5-2 m in length. The excavator’s engine is constantly on and is actually idling. The driver is not loaded.

However, with the known method of moving the working body by the mechanism of its movement, based on the pipeline, the long dimension of the device increases many times, because of which, in turn, the required length of the opened section of the pipeline increases. In addition, the mechanism for moving the working body is laborious to manufacture, requires energy consumption and maintenance personnel. At this time, the engine next to the moving pipe layer is idling, and its driver is not loaded.

There is also known a device for the development of soil under the pipeline (see application No. 96119082/03 of September 25, 1996, IPC ⁶ E 02 F 5/10, B 62 D 55/27, called “Machine for digging the pipeline and tracked undercarriage ”, Developed by NIIITC“ Rotor ”, Ukraine), containing a working body made in the form of cylindrical screw mills with actuators located under the pipeline, a mechanism for moving the working body and the frame of the working body. The mechanism for moving the working body is made in the form of a caterpillar based on a pipeline, two closed chains of which are connected by shoes, the bearing surfaces of the shoes are drawn from chains.

The disadvantages of the device:

1) the overcome angle of elevation is insignificant when moving the machine through the pipe. Component force from the mass of the machine, directed backward, and the same direction, the force arising in the process of milling the soil with a screw, starts to exceed the friction forces between the track shoes and the pipeline even with a slight slope;

2) the installation of the machine on the pipeline is time-consuming, mainly due to the fact that in order to attach the screw working element under the pipeline, it is necessary to manually dig the soil;

3) increased energy consumption. For example, the power consumption of the MPR machine (see Appendix No. 1), made according to the materials of application No. 96119082/03 for pipe diameters up to 1220 mm, is 75 kW, and the power consumption of the prototype is MPT-1220 machine (see Appendix No. 2), having the same performance, is 45 kW. Of these, the share of engine power of the working body MPT-1220 is only 30 kW. Thus, the work performed by the MPR machine with N = 75 kW, the proposed device, equipped with a working body from the MPT-1220 machine, performs at a power of 30 kW;

4) the screw working body is short-lived. The screw blades located along the helical line cut and squeeze soil chips to the periphery of the trench, while the soil, which may include sand and stones, glides over the surface of the blades with a significant specific load, which leads to its rapid wear;

5) requires maintenance personnel (operator) of at least one person.

Thus, the listed disadvantages of the device as a whole and the screw working body in particular prove the inappropriateness of using a screw working body as a known component in the present invention.

In the same copyright certificate No. 524882, IPC ⁶ E 02 F 5/08, 1976, a device for soil development is described. This known device contains a working body (see Appendix No. 4), a frame of the working body and a mechanism for moving the working body. The working body, in turn, consists of two rotors located on both sides of the pipeline, two-arm levers and two hydraulic cylinders. Each rotor is connected to the lower end of the two shoulders of the lever pivotally (swing) connected in the middle with the frame. The upper shoulders of the two-arm levers are connected by hydraulic cylinders so that during initial installation on the pipeline, the rotors are lowered in a diluted position, and after that, when they are closed, an initial digging of the soil under the pipeline is carried out. In the future, the movement of the working body is carried out by a mechanism for moving the working body. The mechanism for moving the working body (Appendix 4) consists of two horizontally arranged U-shaped frames placed on both sides of the frame of the working body and rigidly attached to it with open ends. Inside each frame there is a slide based on the pipeline with 4 shoes. On each side, the slide is equipped with guide rollers, and U-shaped frames with a working body frame are based on these rollers. Each trolley is equipped with two hydraulic cylinders connected with levers (clamps) for fixing on the pipeline.

The movement of the device is carried out using four paired hydraulic cylinders, alternately pushing the U-shaped frame with the frame of the working body. When the pipe is pinched by the left skid, the working stroke is carried out by its pair of hydraulic cylinders. At this time, the clamps of the left slide are unclenched, and its hydraulic cylinders idle. When the pipe is pinched by the right skid, the hydraulic cylinders of the right skid make a working stroke, and the hydraulic cylinders of the left skid idle.

On the frame of the working body there is a hydrostation of the drive for moving the working body, the pump of which has an electric drive. Two more electric motors are on the drive. To power these engines, a mobile power station is required, which is towed by a self-propelled vehicle based on the edge of the trench, i.e., a self-propelled vehicle must also be included in the soil development device.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a device for the development of soil from under the pipeline as. No. 960392, IPC ⁶ E 02 F 5/08, BI No. 35, 1982, publ. 09/23/82. p.125, including a tractor, a frame on which two vertically mounted bodies with drives are mounted, and a horizontally located working body located between them, a working body moving mechanism, a working body frame, while the frame is equipped with carriages movably mounted on it, interconnected and the vertical working bodies are made of rotors connected to each other and mounted on carriages, and the horizontally located working body is made of plane and parallel to each other mounted on carriages chain cutters with vertical, interconnected shafts, while the carriages are equipped with support rollers with the possibility of interaction with the pipeline, and the connection between the carriages, rotors and vertical shafts of flat chain cutters is made telescopic.

The disadvantages of the prototype and known technical solutions are as follows:

1) a significant overall length makes the machine disadvantageous for use in selective repairs. The reason is that without the use of mechanisms supporting the pipeline (pipe layers), the pipeline cannot be dug up more than 18 meters in length. And at this length you need to place a treatment, insulation machine and a device for developing soil under the pipeline (MPT-1220). The latter has a length of 5.54 m (see Appendix No. 2);

2) the complex design of the movement mechanism causes an increase in the mass and cost of the machine, making it less transportable;

3) energy is used (15 kW) for the working movement of the machine;

4) difficulty in controlling the movement mechanism;

5) maintenance staff is required.

An object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks, i.e. creation of a cost-effective device for the development of soil from under the pipeline during the complete repair of the pipeline with undermining without the use of hoisting machines to maintain the pipeline and during selective repair of the pipeline.

To achieve the technical task in the device, the development of soil from under the pipeline, selected as a prototype, containing a working body, a frame of the working body, a mechanism for moving the working body, in contrast to the prototype, the mechanism for moving the working body contains a cart based on the pipeline attached to the frame a working body, and a self-propelled machine based on the edge of the trench, and the trolley is equipped with a beam based on the pipeline connected by flexible elements to the work frame whereof the body and with the self-propelled machine, while the flexible elements connected to the frame of the working body are located on both sides of the pipeline and connected to the ends of the beam, and the flexible element connected to the self-propelled machine is connected to the central part of the beam by means of an eyelet, while the self-propelled machine can be made in the form of a pipe layer, to the boom of which a bracket with a guide block is attached, and a flexible element connected to the eye is passed through the guide block of the boom bracket and is connected to the hook of the pipe layer backhoes, or through the actuator, wherein the self-propelled machine may be designed as an excavator, wherein the free end of the flexible member connected to the eyelet, and is connected with a bucket excavator.

Thus, the proposed device for the development of soil from under the pipeline allows for the repair of the pipeline opening of the pipeline or towing the power plant to be carried out by a self-propelled machine, the development of soil under the pipeline using a moving body.

The difference of the proposed device lies in the movement of the working body on the development of soil by a self-propelled machine, which is part of the repair column and is based on the edge of the trench. At the same time, the number of cars in the repair column does not increase, since the above self-propelled machine was present by the existing technology. As a result, the longitudinal dimension of the device is significantly reduced, its design is simplified, there is no need for personal control of the device. This function combines the driver of a self-propelled machine, because the control of the movement mechanism has been simplified.

On the basis of the device for the development of soil from under the pipeline (autosvid. No. 960392), the earth moving machine MPT-1220 is commercially available. In the proposed solution, the working body MPT-1220 is used without change. Having the technical parameters MPT-1220, it is possible to give comparative parameters that are improved thanks to the distinguishing features with an accuracy of ± 5% (see table).

For the best implementation of the proposed design, in the event that a complete repair is carried out without maintaining the pipeline, a technology-based pipe-laying machine should be used as a self-propelled machine, which until then was used only as a tractor to move the power plant and, if necessary, as a lifting machine. In the proposed design, the pipe layer is still present as one of the power bodies designed to move the working body of the device. To do this, a bracket with a guide block is attached to its boom, and the flexible element of the eyelet is passed through the guide block and connected to the hook of the pipe layer. As a result, the pipe-laying engineer simultaneously controls the device for excavating soil from the cab, i.e. there is no need to keep the device operator.

In the case of selective repairs, a single-bucket excavator is used as a self-propelled machine, to the bucket of which a flexible eye element is attached. As a result, we get the opportunity to carry out the working stroke of the device due to the turn of the boom of the excavator. In this case, the excavator driver takes control of the device. Otherwise, the excavator would be idle.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which

figure 1 shows a General view of the device, where as a self-propelled machine used pipe layer;

figure 2 - General view, where as a self-propelled machine used bucket excavator;

figure 3 is a section along aa in figure 1;

figure 4 is a section bB in figure 3;

figure 5 is a diagram of the mutual arrangement of the nodes of the device, top view.

A device for developing soil from under the pipeline contains a working body 1 (figure 1), a frame 2 of the working body, a mechanism for moving the working body and a self-propelled machine based on the edge of the trench.

The working body, in turn, consists of two rotors 3 located on both sides of the pipeline 4 and bearing teeth 5 for milling the soil. Each rotor 3 is connected to the lower end of the two shoulders of the lever 6 (figure 4), swinging connected to the frame 2 by means of a hinge 7. The upper shoulders of the two shoulders of the levers are connected by hydraulic cylinders 8.

The moving mechanism of the working body consists of a truck based on the pipeline, wheels 9 (Fig. 5) which are attached to the bracket 10, rigidly connected to the frame 2, and based on the edge of the trench of the self-propelled machine, made in the form of a pipe layer 11 or an excavator 12 (Fig. 1 and 2). Wheels 9, made with the possibility of rotation only along the course, in the presence of rotors 3 coupled to the ground, prevent the trolley from rolling back. The connection between the self-propelled machine and the truck is carried out by means of a beam 13 based on the pipeline 4, the ends of which are connected to the working body frame 2 by means of flexible elements 14 located on both sides of the pipeline. An eye 15 is placed in the center of the beam 13, and a flexible element 16 is connected to the eye, which is connected to the self-propelled machine at the other end.

If the pipe-laying mechanism 11 is a part of the moving mechanism as a self-propelled machine, then the flexible element 16 is connected to its hook 17. Moreover, the bracket 19 is attached to the pipe-laying boom 18, and the guide unit 20 is attached to the free end of the bracket. To change the plane of the flexible element, it passed through the guide block 20 before connecting to the hook. If a single-bucket excavator is used as a self-propelled machine, then the free end of the flexible element 16 is connected to the bucket of the excavator (figure 2).

The operation of the device is as follows.

The rotors 3 of the working body using a power hydraulic cylinder 8 are bred to install the machine on the pipeline. After that, the same power hydraulic cylinder 8 makes the convergence of the rotors 3, until their vertical axes occupy a parallel position relative to each other. During the closing of the rotors, preliminary soil development under the pipeline takes place. The power of the hydraulic cylinders 8 is preferably provided from the hydraulic system of the pipe layer 11 or excavator 12, or a small hydraulic station can also be installed on the device itself. An electrically controlled hydraulic valve (not shown) is located on the device, and its control panel is located in the cab of the self-propelled machine. Rotor motors are usually electric. Thus, the buttons (“start”, “stop”) are additionally installed in the cab of the self-propelled machine for turning the rotor motors 3 on and off and buttons for controlling the hydraulic cylinders 8. The hydraulic drive of the pipe-laying boom that moves the device. Pipelayers are also manufactured, where a hydraulic motor is used as a hook drive. For these machines, the above control buttons are sufficient. But the speed (1.7 m / min) of the working feed (horizontal movement) of the working body of the device does not coincide in magnitude with the speed of raising and lowering the load, i.e., with the hook speed (8 m / min) of the pipe layer. Therefore, if the pipe hook hook drive is electric, then you have to upgrade the hook drive or (most easily) install between the guide block 20 and hook 17 the power hydraulic cylinder of the hook with a stroke of 1.5-2 m (not shown in the drawings). In the latter case, the control button for the hook power cylinder also appears in the cab. As a result, the horizontal movement of the device is carried out by the hook hydraulic cylinder, and the hook is always stationary during operation.

Claims (3)

1. The device for the development of soil from under the pipeline, containing a working body, a frame of the working body, a mechanism for moving the working body, characterized in that the moving mechanism of the working body contains a cart based on the pipeline, attached to the frame of the working body, and a self-propelled machine based on the edge of the trench moreover, the trolley is equipped with a beam based on the pipeline, connected by means of flexible elements to the frame of the working body and to the self-propelled machine, while the flexible elements connected to the frame m working body are arranged on both sides of the pipeline and connected to the ends of the beam, and a flexible member connected to a self-propelled machine, connected to the central part of the beam through the eye. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-propelled machine is made in the form of a pipe layer, to the boom of which a bracket with a guide block is attached, and a flexible element connected to the eyelet is passed through the guide block of the boom bracket and connected to the pipe layer hook directly or through power cylinder. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the self-propelled machine is made in the form of an excavator, while the free end of the flexible element connected to the eye is connected to the bucket of the excavator.

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