RU2249649C1 - Dumping truck for powder material spreading - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road industry, agriculture, particularly for powder materials transportation, unloading and spreading over surface.

SUBSTANCE: truck includes chassis of basis vehicle, tilted backwards body bunker mounted on chassis and having lifting driving means, side boards and with drop rear wall having locks, and drive conveyer. Side boards of body bunker are movable and have transformation mechanisms which moves thereof between vertical position and inclined position in which side boards are displaced to body bunker center in conveyer direction. Conveyer is additionally provided with rotary case to be fixed in two positions, namely in upper position in which rotary case is located above conveyer to prevent conveyer damage and in lower one in which rotary case protects truck from material spillage under conveyer.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and convenience, possibility of all year round usage and multifunctionality.

7 cl, 5 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the road sector in the first place, and can also be used in agriculture, specifically for the transportation of bulk materials, their mechanized unloading or scattering on the surface.

State of the art

Known spreader on the rear side of the truck, the functionality of which is thus expanded by using it as a spreader and dump truck. / USSR author's certificate No. 1705460, Е 01 С 19/20, 01/15/92. Bull.№2 /.

A limitation of this invention is that a spreader having an unconventional layout on the rear side of the dump truck works only with the dump truck body raised, which significantly limits the maximum allowable amount of material in the truck body (do not spill material into the truck with a slide) for his inevitable waking up when lifting the body).

Known removable hopper of the distributor of bulk materials, mounted in the back of the base machine and containing inclined sides, mounted on the bottom of the feed conveyor, over which is installed a gable divider, shutter, disc spreader. / Utility model of the Russian Federation No. 28130, Е 01 С 19/20, 03/10/2003. Bull. No. 7 /.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the installation and removal of the hopper, as well as the relatively small volume of the hopper with unregulated inclined sides in comparison with the corresponding replaceable unshrunken rectangular body of the dump truck with similar overall and mounting dimensions.

Closest to the proposed invention is a sand spreader containing the chassis of the base vehicle, on it a tipping back bunker body with a drive lifting mechanism and with a folding rear side wall with locks (locking devices), in the bottom of the bunker body in the middle there is a longitudinally located drive conveyor feeding material back to the drive spreading device, mainly a typical spreading disc, with the ability to occupy a position that does not impede the use of the car as Mosvala. / USSR Author's Certificate No. 1249091, Е 01 С 19/20, 08/07/86. Bull. No. 29 /.

A limitation of the prototype device is also the relatively small volume of the bunker body with nontransformable inclined bead walls and the costs of removing and storing the overall bunker body when replacing winter equipment with summer equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical task of the invention is to increase the efficiency and convenience of year-round operation of a reliable multifunctional device, expressed in replacing the costly operation of removing the hopper with the spreader conveyor from the dump truck chassis to the operation of transforming the body of the hopper and the possibility of loading a significantly larger amount of material into the specified body hopper.

The technical effect is achieved by the fact that the dumping truck of bulk materials contains the chassis of the base vehicle, on it is a tipping back hopper body with a drive lifting mechanism and with a folding rear side wall with locks (locks), and a longitudinally located drive conveyor in the bottom of the hopper body. , feeding material back to the drive spreading device, mainly a typical spreading disc, with the ability to occupy a position that does not impede the use of the car as a dump truck. It is also significant that the side walls of the body of the hopper are movable, with drive mechanisms for transforming their position between the vertical body position and the inclined hopper position in the direction of the feed conveyor. The conveyor is additionally equipped with a rotary casing, fixed in two positions: upper, protective above the conveyor, and lower, preventing the spillage of material under the conveyor.

The drive mechanism for transforming the position of the side wall can be made, for example, in the form of a power cylinder located in a perpendicular plane to the movable side wall-wall, with a rear hinge mount on a fixed supporting side strut and hinged mount of a one-sided rod to the movable side wall . The side wall-wall is provided on the upper edge with one or more hinge pins in the vertical grooves of the required length in the fixed side racks. On the lower edge of the movable side bead wall, one or more support rollers can be installed.

The drive feed conveyor can be made in the form of a screw or scraper conveyor, and the rotary casing can be in the form of a half pipe with outer protrusions that fix radially along the edges of the casing and its rotation mechanism. The number of removable drive spreading discs varies from one central to two with a symmetrical arrangement on the sides below and along the rear side wall.

The dump truck can also be equipped with additional standard attachments for road-cleaning equipment, primarily plow-brush equipment.

List of drawings:

Figure 1 - combined with a partial cross-section, rear view of the body-hopper of the dump truck with the drive mechanism for transforming the position of the movable side wall-wall and one central spreading disc;

Figure 2 - the same as in figure 1, but with two spreading discs;

FIG. 3 is a schematic isometric view of a sectional view of an internal view of a hopper body for operating a spreader with a rotatable casing in a position preventing material from spilling from below the conveyor;

Figure 4 - the same as in figure 3, but for the operation of the truck with a rotary casing in a protective position on top of the conveyor;

Figure 5 is a side view of the dump truck with the hopper body in the extreme positions: lowered with the spreading disc and maximally raised without the disc and with the rear side wall folded (open).

Preferred Embodiment

In Figs. 1-5, the following parts, nodes and elements of the proposed device are indicated by common positions: chassis 1 of a basic dump truck with a drive mechanism in the form of a power cylinder 2 for lifting a hopper body 3 with a hinged rear side wall 4 with locks (locking devices) (not shown), movable side walls 5; fixed supporting side posts 6 and bottom 7. In the bottom of the hopper body, in the middle, a longitudinally located drive conveyor 8 in the form of a screw (its end bearing bearings and a drive motor in the front of the hopper body are not shown), feeding bulk material back and through the tray or trays 9 back, respectively, to the spreading disk or disks 10 with hydraulic drive motors 11. The conveyor is additionally equipped with a rotary casing 12, fixed in two positions: the upper protective over the conveyor and the lower spillage of the transported material under the conveyor. The rotary casing is made in the form of a half pipe with radially outer edges protruding from the tabs 13 of the provisions of the casing and a mechanism (not shown) for its rotation. The movable side walls of the body of the hopper are made with drive mechanisms for transforming their position between the vertical body position and the inclined hopper position in the direction of the feed conveyor. The drive mechanism for transforming the position of the side wall is made, for example, in the form of a power cylinder 14 located in the perpendicular plane to the movable side wall, with a rear hinge 15 on the fixed supporting side strut and hinged 16 of its one-sided rod to the movable side board to the wall. The side wall-wall is provided on the upper edge with one or more hinge pins 17 in the vertical grooves 18 of the required length in the fixed supporting side racks. One or more support rollers (not shown) can be mounted on the lower edge of the movable side wall-wall 5. The tipper spreader can also be equipped with additional standard attachments (not shown) for road-cleaning equipment. All drive devices (power cylinders and hydraulic motors) receive power from a common hydraulic system (not shown) of the base dump truck.

According to the terminology of the theory of machines and mechanisms (TMM), the power cylinder 14 with a rod and with a hinge 15 to the support column 6 can be considered a drive link, a movable side wall-wall 5 - a connecting rod, hinged (rotary) pins 17 side-wall 5 in vertical grooves 18 stationary racks 6 - articulated sliders in a rotational-translational pair. The required length of the vertical grooves 18 and the piston stroke of the power cylinder 14 should ensure the full extent of the transformation of the position of the side wall-wall 5, constantly pressed with its lower end to the bottom 7 of the hopper body 3, between vertical pressing to the stationary support legs 6 and the maximum inclination (taking into account the angles natural slope of spreading bulk materials) in the direction of the feed conveyor 8 (screw or scraper type). The natural slope angles of the materials are structurally taken into account in a known manner both in the tipper lifting angles of the hopper body 3 and in the descent angles of the trays 9 supplying material to the spreading discs 10 and in the angular parameters of the screw spiral of the screw conveyor 8. The screw conveyor 8 is installed in the bearing supports and usually protrudes about 1/3 of its diameter above the plane of the bottom 7 of the hopper body 3.

The device operates as follows.

Before using the car as a spreader, the casing 12 is mechanically rotated and fixed under the conveyor 8 (Fig.1, 3). The casing 8 begins to play the role of a tray, preventing the spillage of material from the body-hopper 3, while opening up free access of bulk material to the working conveyor 8. Then, the material to be spread is poured into the body-hopper 3 from above. In the initial position, before loading the hopper body 3, the side walls 5 for maximum volume must be installed vertically pressed to the stationary support posts 6. The rear side wall 4 is locked for all the time the spreader is operating. When scattering material, the hopper body 3 is not required to be lifted and it can always be loaded with the material to the maximum, “with a slide”. For complete unloading from the initial rectangular body 3 in the process of spreading, the material is displaced to the working conveyor 8, squeezing it on both sides with movable side sides-walls 5, which change their position from the action of the power hydraulic cylinders 14. The side sides-walls 5 can make a crank movement in an inclination to the center of the hopper 3 and return to its original vertical position. To reduce the friction of the moving side walls 5 about the bottom 7 of the hopper body 3, support rollers can be used on the lower edge of these side walls 5 to replace sliding friction with rolling friction. When the screw 8 is rotated, the spreading material (for example, anti-icing) is supplied to the drive spreading discs 10, rotating from individual hydraulic motors 11.

When using a car as a dump truck, before loading material from above into the hopper body 3, the idle conveyor 8 is also closed from above by a rotary casing 12 (Fig. 4), preventing damage to the conveyor 8 during loading and unloading.

In the mode of operation of the truck, the side walls 5 are always vertically pressed against the stationary support legs 6. Immediately or immediately before unloading, the spreading disk 10 (Fig. 1) or two disks (Fig. 2) are dismantled with or without their hydraulic motors 11, and also directly before unloading, the rear side wall 4 is unlocked.

Thus, the proposed dump truck without laborious changes of its large-sized parts has significantly increased efficiency and convenience of reliable year-round operation.

Claims (7)

1. Bulk material spreader truck containing a chassis of a base vehicle mounted on it and a tipping hopper body with a drive lifting mechanism, with side wall sides and a hinged rear side wall with locks, mounted in the middle in the bottom of the hopper body and longitudinally located drive conveyor feeding material to the drive spreading device in the form of a spreading disc, with the possibility of it occupying a position that does not prevent the use of the spreader as a dump truck, exl characterized in that the side walls of the body of the hopper are movable with drive mechanisms for the transformation between the vertical position and the inclined position of the side walls of the body of the hopper, shifted to the center of the body of the hopper in the direction of the feed conveyor, said conveyor is further provided with a rotatable casing fixed in two positions - the upper one above the conveyor, which prevents damage to the conveyor, and the lower one, which prevents the spillage of material under the conveyor. 2. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive mechanism for transforming the position of the side wall is made in the form of a power cylinder located in the perpendicular plane to the movable side wall, with a rear hinge mount on a fixed supporting side strut and hinge mount one-sided rod to the movable side wall-board, the upper edge of which is equipped with one or more pivot pins in the vertical grooves of the required length of the specified fixed supporting side racks. 3. Tipper-spreader according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more support rollers are installed on the lower edge of the movable side wall-wall. 4. The dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drive feed conveyor is made in the form of a screw or scraper conveyor. 5. Tipper-spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotary casing is made in the form of a pipe half with outer protrusions that fix radially at the edges of the casing and its rotation mechanism. 6. Tipper-spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 5. characterized in that the number of removable drive spreading discs varies from one central to two with a symmetrical arrangement on the sides below along the rear side wall. 7. Tipper-spreader according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it can be equipped with additional attachments for road-cleaning equipment, primarily plow-brush equipment.

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