RU2246686C1 - Circular ignition cartridge and method for its manufacture (modifications) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: circular ignition cartridges and methods for their manufacture, widely used in special pistols in civil engineering work.

SUBSTANCE: according to the first modification, the cartridge has a circular ignition cartridge has a necked case, ignition compound and a powder charge, the inner surface of the bottom annular, groove is coated with a film consisting of an initiating explosive-tetrazene (20 to 30%) and polymer-nitrocellulose lacquer (70 to 80%), the film thickness makes up 0.1 to 0.3 mm. According to the second modification, the cartridge is made by application on the inner surface of the annular gap of a film of an initiating explosive and polymer with the aid of a punch, the cartridge case outside diameter-to-the inside diameter ratio does not exceed 0.9. According to the second modification, the cartridge case is manufactured by application of a sealing material on the inner surface of the case neck before reduction.

EFFECT: enhanced stability in service and enhanced safety in manufacture of the cartridge cases.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to cartridges of annular ignition, as well as to methods for their manufacture. Such cartridges are widely used, for example, in special pistols during construction and installation works.

Of the greatest interest among the well-known designs of rimfire cartridges are those of them whose production does not require complex technologies. But regardless of the technologies used in the production and the complexity of the design of the cartridge itself, the technical requirements for cartridges remain the same. An example of a fairly simple and at the same time reliably functioning design of the annular ignition cartridge can be the cartridge presented in RF patent 2096730, publ. 1996, IPC B 25 C 1/16.

According to the source, the construction cartridge is a ring of annular ignition, in which the igniter composition and the powder charge are located. The sleeve of the cartridge case is compressed by a ray star to ensure charge sealing. The igniter is a traditional composition, including: lead trinitroresorcinate - 40%, tetrazene - 3%, barium nitrate - 42%, antimony - 10%, lead dioxide - 5%. A method of manufacturing this cartridge is also known. The igniter composition is dosed into the sleeve and pressed so that the substance fills the bottom annular groove, then a powder wad is placed on top of the igniter and the main portion of the powder charge is poured. The dulce of the sleeve is crimped, and on the outside of the dulce a marking compound is applied, additionally blocking the access of air.

One of the main requirements for the design of annular ignition cartridges is reliable operation. This depends on many parameters, including the reliability of ignition of the initiating charge located in the annular gap of the bottom of the liner, as well as in ensuring the stable pressure developed by the powder gases.

In the well-known cartridge, these requirements are met through the use of a highly sensitive to mechanical influences igniter composition, increasing the pressure of its pressing and the most dense crimping of the barrel barrel before coating it with marking enamel.

However, this design, like many others, has several disadvantages:

- the absence of guaranteed uniform filling with igniter composition of the annular gap of the bottom of the sleeve and, as a result, the lack of reliability;

- increased production hazard due to the need to use a highly sensitive igniter composition as the primary means of ignition of the powder charge;

- insufficient stability of the pressure developed by the powder gases of the cartridge, because with the known method of manufacturing cartridges of this design, a powder charge precipitates in the process of marking or operating the cartridge, i.e. when tipping the cartridge with a dulce down.

The technical problem to which the presented group of inventions is directed is to improve the quality of the cartridge and the safety of its manufacture.

As a prototype of the technical solutions of the presented group, a cartridge and a method for its manufacture, known from the source indicated above, were selected.

The proposed design options for the cartridge and methods for their manufacture do not have the disadvantages listed above and allow us to solve the technical problem.

According to the invention, in the ring ignition cartridge of the first embodiment comprising a sleeve with an annular bottom groove, the igniter composition and powder charge according to the invention, the inner surface of the annular bottom groove is coated with a film containing an initiating explosive and a polymer. A method of manufacturing such a cartridge includes filling a cartridge case with an igniter composition and a powder charge, pressing them, further crimping the cartridge barrel and marking the cartridge, wherein a film of an initiating explosive and a polymer is applied to the inner surface of the annular bottom groove. To apply a film to the inner surface of the annular groove of the sleeve, a punch is used, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the punch to the inner diameter of the sleeve is not more than 0.9. Moreover, the thickness of the applied film is from 0.1 to 0.3 mm.

The composition of the film is as follows: 25 ± 5% tetrazene, 75 ± 5% nitrocellulose varnish and there may be a small amount of neutral dye in excess of 100%.

To ensure uniform application of this composition to the surface, the viscosity of the film should be at least 70 seconds (according to GOST VZ-246 through a nozzle with a diameter of 4 mm). After application to the surface, the film is dried at a temperature of 18-20 ° C for at least one hour.

The use of an initiating explosive (TRS) together with a polymer base makes the production process (before drying) of the film practically safe, because only after drying does the composition acquire the necessary sensitivity.

The composition of the initiating substance and the polymer in liquid form is guaranteed to fill the annular gap of the sleeve, even with a gap of 0.1 mm. In this case, the probability of guaranteed filling of the gap increases many times when using a sleeve with a spherical bulge on the bottom.

The usual process of pressing IVS into the sleeve cannot ensure that the entire volume of the groove is completely filled with substance. Even with the most careful pressing, small voids will be present. Preliminary application of the film avoids the presence of such defects. The presence of a liquid polymer with good adhesive properties in the film allows the substance to be evenly distributed over the surface of the groove and create safe conditions for working with highly sensitive explosives. The presence of an initiating substance with a high sensitivity to impact in the film composition allows one to reliably initiate the ignition of the main initiating substance. In this case, after drying, the sensitivity of the composition to shock is not inferior to the sensitivity of the igniter composition. Thus, the film contributes to the guaranteed ignition of the initiating composition, and therefore, the response of the cartridge.

The second variant of the annular ignition cartridge is a sleeve with an annular bottom groove and a compressed muzzle containing an igniter composition and powder charge, while the inner surface of the muzzle shell is coated with a sealing material. A method of manufacturing such a cartridge includes crimping the cartridge case barrel after filling it with an igniter composition and a powder charge, but before crimping, the sealing material is applied to the inner surface of the cartridge barrel with a drying time exceeding the crimping time.

As a sealing material, according to the characteristics of viscosity, adhesion and drying time, 20% shellac varnish, PF-115 enamel, TNPF paint, NTs-25 varnish or BF glue can be used. All of these materials are safe during storage and operation.

For applying a sealing material to the inner surface of the barrel muzzle, a spherical end punch is used, in which the ratio of the sphere radius to the inner diameter of the sleeve is 0.7-0.8. The width of the strip of applied sealing material is 1-3 mm.

The proposed improvement in the annular ignition cartridge completely prevents the powder from spilling out when the cartridge overturns with the barrel down and air penetrates inside the cartridge.

The cartridges made according to the first and second embodiment passed a series of tests. The test results obtained prove the fulfillment of the tasks:

- the reliability of the cartridge 0,999;

- safety in the manufacture and operation of cartridges;

- the complete exclusion of the eruption of gunpowder from the cartridge;

- the stability of the energy characteristics of the cartridge is 10% higher than with the known production method.

Both the first and second embodiment of the cartridge are technological improvements found as a result of experimental design and experimental work.

Parameters of a constructive nature are selected taking into account the existing production of standard cartridges. Therefore, the values are constant. The choice of TRS, polymer or sealant and their ratio is determined by the type of cartridge and the properties of the substances used.

Limitations on the film thickness of 0.1 mm are explained as follows. The lower limit on the thickness is limited by the size of the crystals of TRS, in this case tetrazene, which have a size of not more than 0.05 mm. An increase in the film thickness of more than 0.3 mm leads to the separation of the bottom of the liner after the impact of the striker. This is due to the fact that a film of this thickness together with an igniter composition creates an excess pressure impulse, leading to the destruction of the sleeve. In this regard, it is more preferable to use sleeves with a spherical recess on the bottom, which can significantly reduce the mass of TRS in the cartridge.

The ratio of TRS and SC varnish was selected experimentally, taking into account the following interrelated tasks:

- optimal fluidity in order to guarantee the filling of the annular gap;

- the optimal concentration of TRS in the varnish to ensure the guaranteed functioning of the cartridge.

It was found that when the concentration of TRS in the varnish is less than 25%, there are cases of failures when checking the performance on the mounting gun. With an increase in the concentration of TRS more than 25%, the viscosity increases and, as a result, the guaranteed filling of the annular gap is significantly more difficult.

The film mixture was obtained by simple mixing of the TRS with a liquid polymer, in particular, the following preparation method was used for the manufacture of a batch of cartridges. A portion of varnish was poured into the bath (150 ml for SC varnish), then tetrazene was poured into it (30 g for SC varnish) and mixed with a wooden stick.

Various methods for applying a polymer-based IVS into the annular gap of a sleeve have been tested. It turned out to be optimal to dip a punch into the mixture of IVV with varnish, which, upon subsequent contact with the bottom of the sleeve, drains the polymer-based IVV and fills the annular gap. The amount of the dosed solution is a purely technological parameter, depending on the size of the cartridge and the concentration of TRS in the varnish. The restriction on the ratio of the outer diameter of the punch to the inner diameter of the sleeve is not more than 0.9 due to the fact that the minimum film thickness of the mixture of varnish and TRS is determined by the particle size of the TRS of 0.05 mm. The total value of the outer diameter of the punch and the varnish film should not, for obvious reasons, exceed the inner diameter of the cartridge sleeve.

The application of polymeric material was also experimentally worked out, which, when crimping the end of the sleeve under the dule, forms an airtight stopper that excludes powder from the sleeve and seals it from moisture penetration. The materials selected for this by characteristics: viscosity, adhesive ability, and solidification time ensure that the strip is held on the inner surface of the sleeve without draining to the surface of the powder.

Various methods have been tested for applying liquid polymer material to the inner surface of a barrel muzzle. It turned out to be the most optimal to dip a spherical end punch into a liquid polymer material. Subsequently, when it comes into contact with the end face of the sleeve, polymer material “flows” onto its inner surface, forming a strip 1-3 mm wide, which, when crimping the cartridge, seals its muzzle. The quantity of dosed polymer material is an exclusively technological parameter, depending on the size of the cartridge and the viscosity of the polymer material used. Limitations on the ratio of the radius of the spherical part of the punch and the inner diameter of the sleeve are established experimentally and provide a film width of 1-3 mm, regardless of the size of the cartridge.

An impact composition and powder charge are successively poured into the sleeve with the annular gap pre-coated with the initiating film and pressed, leaving a loose collar of the sleeve for applying the sealing material. Dip the punch in a 20% shellac lacquer and coaxially with the sleeve contact its spherical surface with the end face of the sleeve. For serial assembly of cartridges with sleeves having an inner diameter of 6.8 mm, a group assembly of punches with a radius of a spherical end face of 4.6 mm is used. After 1-2 minutes, the sleeve of the sleeve is crimped to form a sealed plug.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1-4, which shows the design of the proposed cartridges and shows the processes of applying polymer materials to the inner surface of the sleeve.

Figure 1 shows the cartridge according to the first embodiment - with a film covering the inner surface of the annular gap.

Figure 2 presents the cartridge according to the second embodiment - with a film covering the inner surface of the barrel of the sleeve.

The process of applying a film of TRS and polymer to the inner surface of the annular gap of the sleeve is shown in Fig.3.

On figa shows the time of applying to the inner surface of the barrel of the sleeve of the sealing material a punch with a spherical end face and on figb - crimping the end of the sleeve.

The cartridge according to the first embodiment of the invention (see Fig. 1) consists of a sleeve 1, in which the igniter composition 2, the powder charge 3 is placed. The inner surface of the annular bottom groove is covered with a film 4.

In the cartridge according to the second embodiment of the invention, the inner surface of the barrel muzzle is covered with a sealing material 5.

In the manufacture of a cartridge according to the first embodiment of the invention (see FIG. 3), a film of an initiating explosive and a polymer 4 is applied to the inner surface of the annular bottom groove using a punch 6, the ratio of the outer diameter of which to the inner diameter of the sleeve 1 is not more than 0.9.

In the manufacture of the cartridge according to the second embodiment of the invention (see figa) before sealing on the inner surface of the barrel of the sleeve apply sealing material 5 with a drying time exceeding the crimping time.

R is the radius of the sphere of the punch, D is the inner diameter of the sleeves.

On figb position 7 shows a film of dried sealing material.

It is obvious that the process of applying a polymer film to the inner surface of the liner does not require complex technologies and is safe. In this case, quality improvement was achieved without expensive and complex modernization.

The versatility and ease of manufacture of cartridges, on the one hand, and the importance of improvements, on the other hand, make this group of inventions especially relevant.

Established industrial production for the production of the proposed cartridges.

Claims (9)

1. A ring ignition cartridge containing a sleeve with an annular bottom groove, an ignition composition and a powder charge, characterized in that the inner surface of the annular bottom groove is coated with a film consisting of an initiating explosive - tetrazene in an amount of 20-30% and a polymer - nitrocellulose varnish in the amount of 70-80%, and the film thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm 2. A method of manufacturing an annular ignition cartridge, comprising filling a cartridge case with an igniter composition and a powder charge, pressing them, further crimping the cartridge barrel and marking the cartridge, characterized in that a film of an initiating explosive is applied to the inner surface of the annular bottom groove and polymer using a punch, the ratio of the outer diameter of which to the inner diameter of the sleeve is not more than 0.9. 3. A cartridge for annular ignition, comprising a sleeve with an annular bottom groove and a compressed cartridge, an igniter composition and a powder charge, characterized in that the inner surface of the cartridge barrel is coated with a sealing material. 4. The cartridge according to claim 3, characterized in that the sealing material is a 20% shellac varnish, PF-115 enamel, TNPF paint, NTs-25 resin or BF glue. 5. The cartridge according to claim 3, characterized in that the strip width of the applied sealing material is 1-3 mm 6. A method of manufacturing an annular ignition cartridge, comprising crimping a cartridge barrel of a cartridge sleeve after filling it with an ignition composition and a powder charge, characterized in that prior to crimping, a sealing material is applied to the inner surface of the cartridge cartridge barrel with a drying time exceeding the crimping time. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sealing material is applied to the inner surface of the barrel muzzle with a punch with a spherical end face, wherein the ratio of the radius of the punch sphere to the inner diameter of the sleeve is 0.7-0.8. 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sealing material used is 20% shellac varnish, PF-115 enamel, TNPF paint, NTs-25 resin or BF glue. 9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the strip width of the applied sealing material is 1-3 mm

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