RU2245977C2 - Electronic key - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: means for protecting different structures against intrusion.

SUBSTANCE: electronic key comprises connector 1, remote circuit protective unit 2, interface unit 3 and control unit 4 linked to memory unit 5. Three input groups and input-output group of memory unit 5 are correspondingly connected to three input groups and input-output group of control unit 4. Input, the first output and the second output of control unit 4 are connected correspondingly with the first output, the first and the second inputs of interface unit 3. The first output of protective unit 2 is linked with input of memory unit 5. The first, the second inputs and the second output thereof are linked correspondingly with the second, the third outputs and the third input of interface unit 3. The third, the forth inputs and the third, the forth outputs are linked correspondingly with the first and the second outputs and the first and the second inputs of connector 1.

EFFECT: simplified scheme, increased reliability and improved protection of remote key circuits against static electricity discharge.

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Description

The invention relates to techniques for protecting various objects from unauthorized access.

The electronic key is known (see USSR author's certificate No. 1437488 of 06/20/86. MKI: E 05 B 47/00. "Electronic key", MN Bobov. SP Klokotsky, publ. 07.08.89, Bull. No. 29), containing an electrical connector, a correspondence code memory block, a key code memory block, modulo 2 adders, a recording permission block, AND elements, a trigger, an NOT element, and additional AND elements. The first contact of the electrical connector is connected to the first input of the correspondence code memory block, the first input of the key code memory block and the first input of the recording permission block. The second contact of the electrical connector is connected to the first input of the first adder modulo 2 and the first input of the first element "AND". The third contact of the electrical connector is connected to the first input of the second element "AND". The fourth contact of the electrical connector is connected to the first input of the third AND element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the fourth AND element, the second input of the first AND element, the second input of the correspondence code memory block and the second input of the key memory block. The fifth contact of the electrical connector is connected to the output of the second adder modulo 2, the first input of which is connected to the output of the first adder modulo 2 and the second input of the second element "I", its output connected to the second input of the recording permission unit. The output of the key code memory block is connected to the second input of the second adder modulo 2. The output of the first “I” element is connected to the third input of the correspondence input memory block, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first adder modulo 2. The third contact of the electrical connector is connected to the first input the first additional element "AND", its second input connected to the output of the element "NOT" and the first input of the fourth element "AND". The output of the first additional element "AND" is connected to the first input of the second additional element "AND", to the second input of which is connected the output of the recording permission unit and the first input of the third additional element "AND", the second input connected to the sixth pin of the electrical connector and the input of the element "NOT " The output of the third additional element "And" is connected to the seventh contact of the electrical connector and the first input of the trigger, to the second input of which the output of the second additional element "And" is connected, and the output of the trigger is connected to the second input of the fourth element "And".

The disadvantages of the known electronic key are the complexity of the circuit due to the large number of discrete elements; the insecurity of the external circuits of the key from the influence of discharges of static electricity due to the lack of circuit protection devices.

The closest set of essential features to the proposed invention is an electronic key (see USSR author's certificate No. 1082923 of 12/13/82, MKI: E 05 B 47/00, "Electronic key", MN Bobov, VV Epikhin , publ. 30.03.84, Bull. No. 11), comprising a control unit, an address counter, a comparison unit, a memory unit, a counter, a read unit, a connector, an “I” element, a register, a read decoder, an “And” element block, a block decoding, reception register.

The disadvantages of the known electronic key are the complexity of the circuit due to the large number of discrete elements; insecurity of the external circuits of the key from the influence of discharges of static electricity due to the lack of circuit protection devices; low reliability of the electronic key due to the presence of mechanical switches.

The problem solved by the invention is the creation of a simple, reliable electronic key having the protection of external circuits from the effects of discharges of static electricity.

The technical result, which consists in simplifying the circuit, increasing the reliability of the electronic key and protecting the external circuits of the key from the effects of static electricity discharges, is achieved by inserting a connector, a circuit protection unit and an interface unit into the electronic key containing a memory unit connected to the control unit , the first output, the first and second inputs of which are connected to the input, the first and second outputs, respectively, of the control unit, the newly introduced three groups of outputs and the group of inputs / outputs of which are connected with the corresponding newly introduced three groups of inputs and a group of inputs and outputs of the memory unit, the input of which is connected to the first output of the circuit protection unit, the first, second inputs and second output of which are connected to the second, third outputs and the third input of the interface unit, respectively, and the third, fourth the inputs and the third, fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first, second outputs and the first, second inputs of the connector.

The indicated set of features allows to simplify the circuit and increase the reliability of the electronic key by reducing the number of elements in the circuit and removing the decoding mechanical block from the circuit and to protect the external circuits of the key from static electricity discharges by opening the external circuits when the electronic key is not functioning.

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram of the electronic key, figure 2 shows the functional diagram of the control unit, figure 3 shows the circuit block protection circuits.

The electronic key (figure 1) contains a connector 1, a circuit protection unit 2, a pairing unit 3, a control unit 4 connected to the memory unit 5. Three groups of inputs and a group of inputs and outputs of the memory unit 5 are connected to the corresponding three groups of outputs and a group of inputs and outputs of the control unit 4. The input, the first output and the second output of the control unit 4 are connected respectively to the first output, the first and second inputs of the interface unit 3. The first output of the circuit protection unit 2 is connected to the input of the memory unit 5, the first, second inputs and second output are connected respectively to the second, third outputs and the third input of the interface unit 3, and the third, fourth inputs and third, fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first, second outputs and first, second inputs of connector 1.

The control unit 4 (FIG. 2) contains a diode 6, a resistor 7, capacitors 8, 9, 12, a resonator 10, a microcontroller 11, a Schmitt trigger 13, a first address register 14, a read-only memory 15, a second address register 16 and a resistor 17. The first group of outputs of the microcontroller 11 is connected to the group of inputs of the address register 14, the input of which is connected to a common bus, and the group of outputs is connected to the first group of inputs of the read-only memory 15, the first input of which is connected through the resistor 17 to the power bus (+ 5V), the second and the third outputs are connected to common No, the second group of inputs is connected to the second group of outputs of the microcontroller 11, and the group of outputs is connected to the first group of inputs of the microcontroller 11, the third group of outputs of which is connected to the group of inputs of the address register 16, the group of outputs of which is connected to the memory unit 5, the first input is connected to the common bus, and the second input through a Schmitt trigger 13 is connected to the first output of the microcontroller 11, the second and third outputs of which are connected to a common bus through a quartz resonator 10 and capacitors 9, 12, the second group of inputs is connected to a common another, the first and second inputs are connected to the power bus (+ 5V) through a diode 6 and resistor 7, the third input, the fourth and fifth outputs are connected to the interface unit 3, and the group of inputs and outputs, the fourth and fifth groups of outputs are connected to the memory unit 5 .

The circuit protection unit 2 (Fig. 3) contains, a relay unit 18, comprising a relay 18.1, 18.2, 18.3 with executive contacts 18.4 and 18.5, 18.6 and 18.7, 18.8 and 18.9, respectively, a diode 19 and resistors 20, 21, 22. The first 23 and the second 24 inputs of the relay 18 are connected to the power bus of the circuit protection unit 2 (+ БЗЦ and -БЗЦ, respectively), the third input 25 and the first output 26 are connected to the power bus (+ 5V), the fourth input 27 and the second output 28 are connected to a common bus, the fifth input 29 is connected to the power bus (Upr), the sixth input 30, the third 31 and fourth 32 outputs are connected to the corresponding output and inputs of the connector 1, the fifth output 33 through a diode 19 connected to the power bus (+ 5V), connected to the power bus (Upr), the sixth output 34 through a resistor 20 connected to the power bus (+ 5V), connected to the corresponding input of the pairing unit 3, and the seventh 35 and the eighth 36 inputs through resistors 21 and 22, respectively, connected to the respective outputs of the block 3 of the pair.

Connector 1 can be represented by an AChR socket 38.010-03.01. Block 3 pairing can be performed on the chip 1564TL2. The memory unit 5 can be performed on the chip M558PP4. Schmitt trigger 13 can be performed on the 1564TL2 chip. The microcontroller 11 can be performed on the chip 1874BE36. The address registers 14, 16 can be performed on 1554IR22 microcircuits. Permanent storage device 15 can be performed on the chip 1623RT2A. As a relay 18 can be used relay REK81.

The electronic key (figure 1) works as follows.

Before starting work, the electronic key is connected to the control device (not shown in the figures). Then, from the control device through the connector 1 to the circuit protection unit 2, a command is supplied in the form of a constant voltage, through which the executive contacts 18.4-18.9 of the circuit protection unit 2 are activated, connecting the input and two outputs of the interface unit 3 to the connector 1, as well as the recording input ( erasing) "(not shown in the figures) of the memory unit 5. Information is exchanged through the interface unit 3 and the connector 1 via a two-wire communication line (not shown in the figures) in the duplex mode of exchange using commands having the following format: operation code, opera name anda, dimension, data.

The operation code determines the type of command to execute. The operand name is used to search for the operand with which the action is performed, the dimension - to determine the size of the operand. The operand located in memory block 5 has the following format: operand name, dimension, and operand data. Those. in the memory block 5, the operand name is first placed, then the dimension, and then the data.

After connecting these circuits to the connector 1 from the control device to the control unit 4 receives a comparison command, which searches for the security code in the memory unit 5 by the name of the operand. The security code is read into the control unit 4, where it is compared with the data received as part of the comparison command. If they are equal, the control unit 4 finds in the memory unit 5 a program that controls the operation of the control device, reads it and transfers it to the control device. The control device operates in conjunction with an electronic key. To check the availability of the electronic key, the control device during operation monitors the identifier (feature) of the electronic key. The identifier is a unique number located in block 5 of the memory. Identifier is controlled by a read command. If necessary, the security code in the memory unit 5 can be changed. For this, the control unit 4 receives a command to write data corresponding to the new security code. By this command, the control unit 4 generates information and control signals at the terminals of the memory unit 5 and makes a request to the control device (transmits a single pulse) to generate a recording signal. The control device generates a recording signal, which is fed to the corresponding input of the memory unit 5. Upon completion of the recording of the new security code, the control unit 4 transmits to the control device a command to complete the recording, and the control device transmits to the control unit 4 a comparison command with the new security code. By this command, in the control unit 4, a new security code, read from the memory unit 5, is compared with the data received as part of the comparison command. In case of a positive result, the old security code is destroyed by programming each bit of the security code with a logical unit level to a logical zero level.

At the end of the operation, the control device removes the command from the circuit protection unit 2 and deletes the control program read from the electronic key.

The control unit 4 (figure 2) works as follows.

After applying a supply voltage (+ 5V), an integrating circuit consisting of a diode 6, a resistor 7, and a capacitor 8 forms a reset pulse, which brings the microcontroller 11 to its original state. After that, the microcontroller 11 starts its work under the control of a program located in the read-only memory 15. Reading the program starts from the starting address, the next selectable address is determined by the program itself. Since the microcontroller 11 has a multiplexed address / data bus (not shown in the figure), the low byte of the address is fixed in the address register 14, where it is written under the control of the microcontroller 11. The highest addresses are recorded on the corresponding pins of the microcontroller 11. Reading the program from read-only memory 15 is controlled by signals generated by the microcontroller 11. The microcontroller 11 exchanges information with the pairing unit 3 and the memory unit 5 through the corresponding outputs. To access the memory unit 5, the microcontroller 11 generates the address at which the appeal is made. The low byte of the address is fixed in the address register 16 using the Schmitt trigger 13.

Block 2 circuit protection (figure 3) works as follows.

After applying voltage (+ 27V) to the terminals + BZC and -BZTs, relays 18.1, 18.2 and 18.3 of relay block 18 are activated. At the same time, the executive contacts 18.4-18.9 are closed, connecting the external circuit of the electronic key to the connector. After removing the supply voltage from the terminals + BZC and -BZTs, the executive contacts of the relay unit 18 are opened.

A laboratory model of an electronic key was made, tests of which confirmed the operability and practical value of the claimed object.

Claims (1)

An electronic key comprising a memory unit connected to a control unit, characterized in that a connector, a circuit protection unit and an interface unit are inserted into it, a first output, the first and second inputs of which are connected to an input, first and second outputs, respectively, of the control unit, newly introduced three groups of outputs and a group of inputs and outputs of which are connected to the corresponding newly introduced three groups of inputs and a group of inputs and outputs of the memory block, the input of which is connected to the first output of the circuit protection unit, the first, second inputs and the second output of which is connected respectively to the second, third outputs and the third input of the interface unit, and the third, fourth inputs and third, fourth outputs are connected respectively to the first, second outputs and the first, second inputs of the connector.

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