RU2245570C2 - Scanning screens for relaxation spectacles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ophthalmology; protection and prophylactics of organs of vision against intensive radiation sources in natural light.

SUBSTANCE: proposed scanning screens for relaxation spectacles designed to provide for functional binding between eye refraction and diameter of screen holes and to ensure coverage of imaging space from near to distant points of vision have nontransparent perforated plates with through holes in the form of lines whose number grows from bottom upwards. Line number n and hole number N per raster line are given as 2n - 1 = N; hole diameter of line n d ₁ = 0.63 mm; d ₂ = 1.0 mm; d ₃ = 1.41 mm; d ₄ = 3.2 mm; hole-to-hole distance equals diameter of line n hole and line-to-line distance is not shorter than diameter of larger hole; scanning hole of diameter D = 10 - 12 mm is disposed on top above middle hole of fourth line at distance D; straight line drawn through central holes of all four lines and vertical axis form angle of 8 - 10 deg.

EFFECT: easy to use.

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Description

The invention relates to labor protection, in particular to means of protection and prevention of organs of vision from exposure to high-intensity radiation sources observed in natural light. The proposed technical solution will find application in those whose activities are related to computers, because the color temperature of blue screens is one and a half to two times higher than the color temperature of the sun. This is the reason for the appearance of early pathologies of the function of vision, especially the retina (photosensitivity decreases) and the lens of the eye. In addition, the proposed glasses may find demand among the population in order to protect the eyes from excessive solar radiation.

It is known [1-5] that:

1. The human vision function, being a self-correcting system, seeks to maintain itself in normalcy, but only if the unshakable rule of naturalness of light and color is maintained. Even any, at first glance, transparent and colorless material, may turn out to be opaque and non-color for the natural correction of the function of vision [2].

2. A through hole in an opaque screen violates neither the principle of naturalness of light and color, nor the direct and reverse information connections [1].

3. The hole should be round, and its radius should be 0.95 of the radius of the first Fresnel zone in order to have a refractive power adequate to the refractive power of the eye [1, 4].

4. Between the refraction of the eye and the diameter of the hole there is a functional connection [1, 4], from which it follows that the holes of small diameter are intended for the near point of view, and the holes of larger diameter are the far point of vision.

From all that has been said, a conclusion follows: the function of vision is not only a self-correcting system, but also a scanning one, therefore it doesn’t matter how openings are located in raster screens.

Analogues of the spatial arrangement of perforated holes in raster screens are known.

In the application No. 95119367 dated 11/14/95. Publ. 01/10/98. IPC A 61 F 9/00, a raster screen is shown consisting of perforated holes in the form of differently oriented ellipses (see Figure 1). This analogue has the disadvantages of:

- the refractive power of elliptical holes is not adequate to the refractive power of the eye;

- there is no functional relationship between eye refraction and the diameter of the hole [1, 4];

- holes of the same size do not overlap the depth of the sharply depicted space from near to far points of vision [1, 4];

- a large number of identical holes is not justified is equivalent to information noise.

The closest analogue to the proposed technical solution is the raster screen shown in the PCT patent WO 8502038 from 05/09/85. IPC G 02 C 7/16 (see Figure 2), in which some of the above disadvantages are eliminated, but the presence of holes of the same size suggests that they:

- do not provide a functional relationship between eye refraction and hole diameter;

- do not overlap the depth of the sharply depicted space from near to far points of vision.

The essence of the raster screens of relaxation glasses, consisting of opaque perforated plates with through holes in the form of rows with an increasing number of holes from bottom to top, is that: the number of rows n and the number of holes N in each row of the raster are set as 2n-1 = N, while , the diameters of the holes of the nth row are d ₁ = 0.63 mm, d ₂ = 1.0 mm, d ₃ = 1.41 mm, d ₄ = 3.2 mm; the distance between the holes is equal to the diameter of the hole of the nth row, and the distance between the lines is not less than the diameter of the larger hole; a relaxation hole, with a diameter of D = 10-12 mm, is located at the top of the raster above the middle hole of the 4th row at a distance D; a straight line drawn through the central holes of all 4 rows makes an angle of 8-10 ° with the vertical axis.

The principle of operation of the raster screen of relaxation glasses can be explained using the drawing shown in Fig.3, as well as using the table [3], which shows the functional relationship between the focal length f and the diameter d of the hole.

f, m 5,0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1,5 1,0 0.5 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 d mm 3.20 2.83 2.45 2.0 1.73 1.41 1,0 0.9 0.77 0.63 0.45

Figure 3 shows relaxation glasses, on the raster screens of which there is perforation in the form of rows with increasing from bottom to top the number of holes N and rows n, which are functionally interconnected by the ratio 2n-1 = N. From the ratio it follows that in the first row n = 1 contains 1 hole with d ₁ = 0.63 mm, in the second - n = 2, contains 3 holes with d ₂ = 1.0 mm, in the third n = 3, contains 5 holes with d ₃ = 1,41 mm, in the fourth - seven with d ₄ = 3,2 mm. All holes with diameters d _n present in the table correspond to focal lengths f _n that overlap the area of sharp vision from the near point of view to the far, increase visual acuity by at least 20%. The distances between the holes in each row are equal to the diameter of the hole of the corresponding row, and the distance between the rows is not less than the diameter of the hole of the previous row. To relieve tension in the eye muscles, the possibility of periodically switching attention from the near vision to the distant (or vice versa) is used, using a relaxation hole with a diameter of D = 10-12 mm, which is located at the top of the raster above the middle hole of the 4th row at a distance D. The distance between the relaxation holes the right and left rasters is equal to the center distance of the eyes - A. Despite the fact that the relaxation hole is the largest D = 10-12 mm, however, it reduces the retina illumination by a thousand times, which drive t to increase its sensitivity, and consequently to dark adaptation correction [2], moreover, it greatly expands the viewing angle. The remaining holes of the four lines correct farsightedness, presbyopia, myopia, and, first of all, as shown by experiments, due to the correction of astigmatism. The eye has adapted to scan objects according to the law of spatial perspective, for this purpose the axis of symmetry of the raster, passing through the central holes of all 4 lines, is deflected from the vertical axis by an angle of 8-10 °.

Thus, 16 refraction holes located in four lines of the raster and one relaxation hole located at the top of the raster screen are enough to cover the entire range from the near to far points of sharp vision. In this case, each size of the holes performs its specific functions:

- the relaxation hole, reducing the luminous flux, increases the photosensitivity of the retina, adjusts the tempo adaptation, provides the beginning of the eye scanning process;

- the hole d ₁ = 0.63 mm increases visual acuity by more than 20% at a distance of f = 0.2 m and corrects hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and early strabismus;

- the hole d ₂ = 1.0 mm increases visual acuity by at least 20% at a distance f = 0.5 m, corrects hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and early strabismus;

- the hole d ₃ = 1.41 mm increases visual acuity by 20% at a distance f = 1.0 m, corrects hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and early strabismus;

- the hole d ₄ = 3.2 mm provides sharpness of objects at a distance f = 5.0 m, corrects astigmatism, early strabismus, and 7 holes provide maximum visibility.

Raster screens are blanks for inserting relaxation glasses, so they do not have a specific shape. The shape of the inserts can be any, depending on the spectacle frame.

Sources of information

1. Patent RU No. 2150136 from 09/27/96. "Glasses for the protection and prevention of organs of vision from high-intensity sources of direct and indirect radiation observed in natural light." Publ. 05/27/2000, Bull. No. 15, MKI 7 G 02 C 7/16.

2. Arkhangelsk V.N. Eye diseases. Ed. 2nd, M: 1969, p. 68-71.

3. Patent RU No. 2233488 of 04/19/2002. "I / O device for visual information." Publ. July 27, 2004, Bull. No. 21, MKI 7 G 09 G 1/08.

Patent RU No. 2197198 dated 02.15.2000. "A universal remedy for the correction of pathological disorders of the organs of vision." Publ. 01/27/2003, Bull. No. 3. MKI 7 A 61 F 9/00.

Claims (1)

Raster screens of relaxation glasses, consisting of opaque perforated plates with through holes in the form of rows with an increasing number of holes from bottom to top, characterized in that the number of lines n and the number of holes N in each line of the raster are set as 2n-1 = N, while the diameters of the holes of the n-th row are equal: d ₁ = 0.63 mm, d ₂ = 1.0 mm, d ₃ = 1.41 mm, d ₄ = 3.2 mm, the distance between the holes is equal to the diameter of the hole of the n-th row, and the distance between the lines is not less than the diameter of the larger hole, the relaxation hole with a diameter of D = 10-12 mm is placed at the top of the races pa above the mean line hole fourth distance D, while a line drawn through the central holes of 4 lines, with a vertical axis is an angle 8-10 °.

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