RU2244876C1 - Flame plant head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: burning emergency gas blowout at excessive pressure at inlet P_ex=0.05 to 0.1 kg/sq cm; oil producing, oil refining and other industries.

SUBSTANCE: proposed head includes inlet gas supply branch pipe 1 with contraction pipes 2 and 3 located coaxially inside it. Upper contraction pipe has gas discharge injector 4. Besides that, gas supply branch pipe has accelerating chamber 6 in its inner cavity for delivery of steam-and-air mixture by means of branch pipes 5. Velocity of combustion products of gas being utilized is higher than gas velocity at inlet of gas supply branch pipe 1 owing to which ejection of air to cylindrical loop 8 is ensured in the amount sufficient for proper combustion of entire gas being utilized.

EFFECT: complete smokeless combustion of waste gas; enhanced ecological safety; reduced consumption of water steam; increased service life (up to 10 years).

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to flare heads for equipping them with flare units in the oil producing, oil refining, chemical and other industries.

Known flare burner containing a vertical flare barrel with inlet and outlet sections, with a pilot light and pilot burner. (Aut. St. USSR No. 1663317, class F 23 D 14/20, 1991)

The disadvantage of this pilot burner is the incomplete combustion of gas supplied to the flare burner, which leads to the formation of soot, emissions of incomplete combustion products into the atmosphere, and the rapid failure of this flare burner. This is due to the fact that during the organization of gas combustion in this flare burner there is no preliminary mixing of gas with air, respectively, diffusion combustion of gas takes place, accompanied by the above-mentioned negative phenomena.

The object closest to the application is the head of the flare unit used for emergency combustion of gases, for example, in the oil industry. This flare head contains a cylindrical pipe, in the middle part of which a conical expansion is made, passing into a cylindrical expansion. At the conical expansion section, a device is installed to prevent atmospheric air intake, made in the form of a cone with the top down. An annular gap is formed between them (RF Patent No. 20043925, class F 23 D 14/20, 1993).

The disadvantage of this flare tip is its low performance when disposing of low-pressure gases (overpressure of discharged gas in the flare shaft of 0.05 ... 0.1 kg / cm ² ). The disadvantage is due to the fact that in this design of the head there is no preliminary mixing of the utilized gas with air, the kinetic energy of the discharged gas is not sufficient for high-quality mixing of the gas with the required amount of air during combustion. As a result, there is such a drawback as incomplete combustion of gas, which leads to the formation of soot, toxic emissions into the atmosphere, and a reduced service life of the head.

The invention is aimed at improving the quality of operation of flare plants for the utilization of low-pressure gases.

The tip of the flare unit containing a cylindrical pipe, which is an inlet gas supply pipe, has two coaxially arranged confusers inside it. The upper confuser has a gas discharge nozzle. In addition, the gas supply pipe has an accelerator chamber in its internal cavity, for which steam-air pipes are provided for supplying the vapor-air mixture. Creating a steam-air mixture is achieved by ejecting air from the environment with steam nozzles. A slit-like nozzle is placed on the gas supply pipe, which, in turn, is brought into a coaxially arranged cylindrical contour. An annular gap is provided between the slit-like nozzle and the cylindrical contour, in which the steam nozzles are located.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed flare head.

The tip contains an inlet gas supply pipe 1, which is a cylindrical pipe in which confusers 2 and 3 are located, a gas discharge nozzle 4, steam-air pipes 5, an accelerator chamber 6. A slot-like nozzle 7 is located on the gas supply pipe, which is inserted into a cylindrical cylindrical contour located therewith 8.

The supply of steam in the annular gap between the nozzle 7 and the circuit 8 is carried out using steam nozzles 9. The steam supply to the steam-air nozzles 5 is carried out using steam nozzles 10.

The device operates as follows: the gas supplied to the flare unit, arrives after the flare barrel (not shown) in the inlet gas supply pipe 1. Then, when the gas passes through the confuser 2, its dynamic pressure increases due to a decrease in the cross section of the gas stream. In the space between the two confusers 2 and 3, the gas stream is divided into two streams. The first flow through the confuser 3 is directed to the gas discharge nozzle 4. When passing through the confuser 3 of this stream, an increase in the dynamic pressure also takes place. The second stream passes through the gap between the generators of the cones of the confusers 2 and 3, washes the air supply pipes 5 and the accelerator chamber 6, and through the slot-like nozzle 7 enters the cylindrical contour 8.

The first stream, with a large dynamic pressure passing through the nozzle of the main gas 4, ejects air from the environment through the steam-air nozzles 5. Thus, a gas-air mixture is formed, the combustion of which occurs in the accelerator chamber. The products of combustion of the gas-air mixture at the outlet of the accelerator chamber 6 have a much higher speed than the gas velocity at the exit of the nozzle 4. The velocity of the expiration of the products of combustion in the accelerator chamber 6 allows them (combustion products) to eject the gas of the second stream and air from the environment into the internal volume cylindrical loop 8. The gas of the second stream when washing off the accelerating chamber 6 cools it, which reduces the thermal effect on the structure. The resulting air-gas mixture burns in the internal volume of the cylindrical circuit 8. A stream of steam supplied through the steam nozzles 10 allows you to eject an additional volume of air into the accelerator chamber. Similarly, a stream of steam supplied through nozzles 9 allows an additional volume of air to be ejected into the cylindrical circuit 8. The number of steam nozzles depends on the parameters of the utilized gas (its chemical composition, pressure, flow rate, temperature).

Thus, due to the design features of the head, which increase the velocity of the discharged gases, which, in turn, makes it possible to eject air from the environment, preliminary preparation of the gas-air mixture is achieved, which ensures high-quality gas combustion.

Thus, the use of the proposed design of the flare head will allow, in comparison with the prototype, to improve the quality of the flare plants for utilization of low-pressure gas by providing a stoichiometric gas-air ratio and, accordingly, the organization of high-quality (full) gas combustion, which, in turn, will avoid this negative phenomena such as incomplete combustion gases utilized, significantly reduce the content of harmful impurity _{(H X S Y, NO X} ) in combustion gas products to provide stability th gas combustion process over a broad range of chemical compositions and their costs (from 5000 to 100000 Nm ³ / day), increase resource efficiency flare tip as compared with similar equipment.

Claims (1)

The tip of the flare unit containing a cylindrical pipe, characterized in that this cylindrical pipe is an inlet gas supply pipe, has two coaxially arranged confusers inside it, the upper confuser has a gas discharge nozzle, in addition, the gas supply pipe has an accelerator chamber in its internal cavity, for the steam-air mixture is supplied with steam-air nozzles, the creation of a steam-air mixture is achieved by ejecting air from the environment with steam nozzles E, located on the gas supplying pipe slit-like nozzle, which in turn is located coaxially opened in with it a cylindrical contour between the slit nozzle and the cylindrical contour of the annular gap is provided, wherein the nozzles are arranged steam.