RU2243299C1 - Fabric and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of composite materials.

SUBSTANCE: fabric has two groups of warp and weft threads extending in mutually perpendicular relationship with respect to one another, with axes of said threads being made in the form of helical lines. Helical lines of threads of one group of threads are twisted in opposite direction with respect to threads of other group of threads. Any thread is interwoven with threads of other group of threads and simultaneously embraces at each coil adjacent threads of its own group of threads. Such interweaving of threads provides for substantial strength of fabric while retaining high flexural yield. Method involves preliminarily imparting predetermined rigidity to threads; forming carcass from warp threads, into which weft threads are laid in predetermined position.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of threads and composite material manufactured from said threads.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of woven materials, namely to fabrics with a special arrangement of threads.

Known interweaving threads (linen, twill, etc.), characterized by periodic mutual overlapping of warp and weft threads (Yudenich G.V. Weaving and analysis of fabrics. - M .: 1968). The disadvantage of this weave is the limited bond strength of the threads with each other.

Openwork weaving is known that is performed using a system of leno threads, which, interweaving with weft threads, are simultaneously twisted together in pairs (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1440973, IPC 7 D 03 D 1/00, 11/30/08,). The disadvantage of this weave is that the leno threads are essentially divided into a system of interwoven pairs of threads that are not directly connected to each other. In this case, the weft threads also remain unconnected to each other.

From US patent 6276121, IPC 7 D 02 G 13/02, 08.21.2001, a fabric is known having a warp and weft threads in the form of helical lines. This fabric and its production method are adopted as a prototype of the claimed invention.

The objective of the invention is to increase the bond strength of the threads with each other by maximizing the number of threads that each individual thread can cover within the rapport.

This problem is solved in that in a fabric comprising two families of mutually perpendicular oriented warp and weft, the axes of which are in the form of helical lines, according to the invention, the helical lines of the threads of each family are twisted oppositely to the threads of another family, and any thread intermittently threads of another family, at the same time it covers on each coil adjacent threads of its family.

That is, if, for example, the warp threads are in the form of a right screw, then the weft threads should be in the form of a left screw, and vice versa. Moreover, any thread, intertwining with the threads of another family, simultaneously covers adjacent threads of its family on each turn.

The above fabric is obtained by a method comprising forming a family of unidirectionally oriented threads and weaving them with a family of perpendicular oriented threads having a helical shape. According to the invention, the necessary stiffness is given to the threads, then a framework is formed from the warp threads into which the weft threads are then screwed.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the basic structure of the fabric of the proposed weave.

Figure 2 shows a variant of the most dense fabric of the proposed weave.

Figure 3 shows the location on the surface of a single thread of contact spots with adjacent threads for a variant of the most dense fabric.

Figure 4 schematically shows a method for implementing the proposed weave of threads. The image is shown in the plane of the cross section of the fabric.

The proposed fabric includes a family of interwoven warp yarns 1 and weft yarn 2 (Fig.1, 2 and 4). Figure 4 also shows the rollers 3 for screw-in weft threads in accordance with the proposed method for implementing this weave of threads.

The maximum density of the proposed fabric can be achieved with a ratio of the radius of the thread to the radius of the helix of the axis of the thread about 1: 3 (Figure 2). In this case, a single-layer, but dense and uniform tissue without gaps with a pore volume of not more than 40% is obtained. The structure of the fabric obtained is such that without deformation of the initial screw configuration, any thread on each turn has 12 points of contact with other threads (Figure 3). These points are fairly evenly spaced along the length of the turn and guarantee the most even distribution of any load between all the threads of the fabric.

Despite the fact that the thickness of the proposed fabric is determined by the diameter of the helix of the axis of the thread, such a fabric exhibits a sufficiently high bending compliance in comparison with multilayer fabrics of comparable thickness. This is due to the fact that each thread works like a coil spring, allowing significant bends, not leading to a significant change in the stress state of the thread.

It is known that a significant part of the resource of fabric threads is often used up already at the stage of fabric production, which is associated with the need for multiple bending of the threads at sufficiently small radii of curvature. The proposed interweaving of threads allows you to implement a method of manufacturing a fabric free from this drawback.

According to the proposed method, the threads are pre-screwed and necessary stiffness either by special sizing (for elastic materials) or directly at the manufacturing stage (for brittle materials such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, etc.). Then, from a thread of the same family, for example, warp, a frame is assembled that is topologically equivalent to the netting net, into which weft thread is then screwed, thereby setting them in the desired position (Figure 4). With this method of manufacturing fabric, the threads do not undergo deformation and end up in the fabric in their original configuration.

When carrying out the invention, a technical result can be obtained consisting in reducing the damage to the threads during the manufacturing process of the fabric, increasing the bond strength of the threads together and, as a result, increasing the strength of the fabric as a whole.

The technical and economic advantage of the claimed invention lies in the possibility of reducing the cost of materials when choosing fabric of a given strength, in simplifying and cheapening the production of fabric of the proposed weave.

Claims (2)

1. A fabric comprising two families of mutually perpendicular oriented warp and weft, the axes of which are in the form of helical lines, characterized in that the helical lines of the threads of each family are twisted opposite to the threads of another family, and any thread interchanging with the threads of another family, at the same time, it covers adjacent threads of its family on each turn. 2. A method of producing fabric, including forming a family of unidirectionally oriented threads and weaving them with a family of perpendicularly oriented threads having a helical shape, characterized in that the threads are first given the necessary stiffness, then a framework is formed from the warp threads, into which weft is then screwed .

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